The purpose of this study is to suggest useful and interesting plans for teaching and learning for students. Based on the analyzed evidence and data identifying the causes for immaturity, students are confronted with difficulty while undergoing summar...
The purpose of this study is to suggest useful and interesting plans for teaching and learning for students. Based on the analyzed evidence and data identifying the causes for immaturity, students are confronted with difficulty while undergoing summary assignments through the analysis of actual conditions of summarizing.
Summarizing is the process that deals with important contents in one's mind after reading. It also means the ability to condense and smoothly connect the contents of information that the reader found except the ability that deals with cognized information. Therefore, summarizing is the behavior of understanding and expression, as well as the final result presented by the reader's subjective emotional activity.
In the respect of theoretical backgrounds, the author aimed to examine the aspect of confusing terms for the concept of summarizing and reestablishes the concepts after comparative review.
Also, the author aimed to discuss three kinds of summarizing such as text-centered, reader-centered and contents-centered summarizing, defined with literary text. In addition, the author aimed to critically examine how these three aspects of summarizing were presented in educational courses and text books.
A total of 270 students from a boys' middle school, boys' high school and girls' high school in Seoul participated in an indirect questionnaire. It asked questions that would describe their experiences in order to analyze the actual condition of summarizing. Among them, 203 files were reviewed in the end.
Also, the experience descriptions, according to grades of summarizing ability: high, moderate and low, were conducted with 118 files from boys' middle school and boys' high school students in Seoul. The author categorized the reason of difficulty in learning and showing immaturity with index using the Nvivo 2 program, and then measured the frequency. Also, regarding the aspect of how difficulty in summarizing can be different according to ability and grades, the author designated the attribute of Nvivo 2, which underwent Matrix interaction. In particular, the classification standard of summarizing abilities from high, moderate and low was determined based on the discussion of four people in an expert group based on the standard of preceding study.
According to the results from above, the frequencies of each item were as followed 64% of learner factor, 5% of literature factor, 26% of teaching·learning factor, 2% assignment factor and 1% of environment factor.
When the author designated the attribute as summarizing abilities of high, moderate and low, the results show the following characteristics
First, the number of frequency of range using their own summarizing strategy was 71% in the high level group, 29%in the moderate level group and 0% in the low level group, respectively.
Secondly, the number of frequency of range with difficulty in controlling the number of letters was respectively 53% in the high level group, 33% in the moderate group and 14% in the low level group.
Thirdly, the number of frequency of range with difficulty in identyfing main idea was respectively 28% in the high level group, 57% in the moderate group and 15% in the low level group.
Forthly, the number of frequency of range no experience of summarizing was respectively 8%in high level group, 38% in moderate group and 54% in low level group.
the results according to grade of attribute the number of frequency of range show the following characteristics.
First, the number of frequency of range their own summarizing strategy was 33% in the middle school group, 67% in the high school group, respectively.
Secondly, the number of frequency of range with difficulty in controlling the number of letters was respectively 26% in the middle school group, 74% in the high school group.
Thirdly, the frequency of superordinating, inventing and combining by connecting and reconstructing each sentences derived 11% in middle school group and 89% in High School group.
Based on results, this study focus on finding out interesting and efficient summarizing teaching learning planning by taking into consideration the learner's cognition and attitude status.