The Nature is the best educational environment for young children in that it plays a positive role in whole growth and development. Especially, from the science education point of view, the Nature provides us with the experience of observation and sea...
The Nature is the best educational environment for young children in that it plays a positive role in whole growth and development. Especially, from the science education point of view, the Nature provides us with the experience of observation and search of natural objects and phenomena, makes free and active quests possible, further, allows us to understand the relationship between human beings and the Nature, and makes us realize the wonder of the Nature and the dignity of the life. The purpose of this study lies on finding out what kinds of effects the science activities through the Nature observation would have on young children's scientific process skills and nature-friendly attitudes.
Following to the purpose stated above, study themes are created as below.
1) Do the science activities through the nature observation influence young children's scientific process skills?
2) Do the science activities through the nature observation influence young children's nature friendly attitudes?
22 children from S-kindergarten, situated in Nowongu in Seoul, were chosen as the experiment group and 21 children from L-kindergarten were chosen as the control group. Both are located in the regions that have similar social and economical level and time-prolonged full time classes with international age 4 and 5 infants.
The experiment process was proceeded in the order of preparatory inspection, preliminary inspection, experiment treatment, post-inspection, and the period of experiment treatment was total 7 weeks, from 17th of March to 2nd of May in 2008, and the experiment group conducted science activities through the nature observation twice a week. The science activities through the nature observation were planned and proceeded by young children and teachers based on the Interactive Approach and the Project Approach.
'Instrument for Scientific Process Skill test', produced by Lee Kyougmin(2000) based on Martin(1997)'s scientific process skills evaluation benchmark and corrected, supplemented by Seo Younhee(2003), was used as the test instrument. 'Instrument for Nature-friendly Attitudes test', translated, corrected by Huh Younjung(2001) and supplemented by So Kyounhee(2007) based on CATES-PV by Musser and Diamond(the Children's Attitudes toward the Environment Scale for Preschool children Version), was used to test the nature friendly attitudes.
To find out the influence of the science activities through the nature observation on young children's scientific process skills, x² inspection was carried out after figuring out frequency in each type and percentage from the result of scientific search ability preliminary inspection and post-inspection. Moreover, to find out the influences on young children's nature-friendly attitudes, one compared and contrasted the result of T-inspection of 2 independent cases after figuring out the mean value and the standard deviation from the preliminary inspection and post-inspection of the nature-friendly attitudes.
The result of this study is stated below.
Firstly, as a result of finding out the influences of science activities through the nature observation on young children's scientific process skills, it turned out that meaningful difference exists between young children in the experiment group who experienced science activities through the nature observation and young children in the control group who did not.
Secondly, as a result of finding out the influences of science activities through the nature observation on young children's nature-friendly attitudes, young children in the experiment group who experienced science activities through the nature observation showed higher average mark than young children in the control group who did not, and this was statistically meaningful difference. Inspecting constituent elements of the nature friendly attitude, statistically meaningful difference turned out between young children in experiment group who experienced science activities through the nature observation in prevention and interest in animals and plants, the sense of respect about life, the preference of natural environment to artificial one, and the protection of the nature and young children in the control group who did not.
To conclude, based on the result of the study like this, science activities through the nature observation are effective in improving young children's scientific process skills and developing the nature-friendly attitudes.