警察의 靑少年非行 豫防 네트워크에 관한 硏究 = (A) study on interorganizational networks of policing for juvenile delinquency prevention

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

At present crime prevention, appeals to community and multi-agency partnerhips have been emerged as new paradigms of crime control. In this regard, interorganizational networks of police service delivery have been essential parts of contempory policing. Interorganizational networks of polincing have significant meanings in that many agencies of various areas across criminal justice, public services and private sector share and pool their resources and cooperate for solving problems related to public safety.
This study makes an attempt at analyses of interorganizational networks of policing, focused on juvenile delinquency prevention in Jeonju city. In the field of juvenile delinquency prevention there are many agencies which are interrelated and/or interdependent in their activities. Jeonju city has proper conditions to the study in respect to network size, variety of actors, and youth population size, etc.
Theoretical review is carried out at first about interorganizational networks of policing which covers theories of governance and social capital, interorganizational resource dependence, community- and problem-oriented policing, privatization of police services, multi-agency partnerships for crime prevention, and restorative justice, etc. The study selects the network for juvenile delinquency prevention as the focus of analysis. From the literature survey, a framework of analysis is established which consists of the unit of analysis, actors to be analysed, network boundaries, etc. Based on that framework two categories of analyses is carried out as follows.
A qualitative analysis is first carried out by interview data about the contours of network, major actors, actors' roles, and contents and forms of interrelations. Next, a series of quantitative analyses by UCINET program using questionnaire data is carried out about various indicators of network pattern including individual actors' resources, specialties and awareness, the whole network's density and centralization levels, and individual actors' centrality scores in regard to degree, betweenness and closeness. Additionally, the study attempts to analyze correlation coefficients between individual actors' resourse property and their centrality measures. Followed this, an analysis of structural equivalence is carried out. Furthermore, the study analyzes police agencies' ego network, geodesic distances, maximum flows, and structural holes in relation to all the other agencies. Finally, priorities or relative importance of individual actors' willingness to make linkages to differential agency types are analyzed by analytical hierarchy process.
Major findings from the analyses are as follows:
The juvenile delinquency prevention network in Jeonju city is too centralized and has rather low density. Especially core agencies, including probation and parole office, youth council and support center, local government's youth devision, provincial offices of education, and police departments have relatively richer reources and score high centrality. For future development of the network, more widespread formulation of interagency linkages are required. Schools, though score high centrality, their outdegree centrality is relatively low than indegree centrality. This implies that schools are rather passive in their networking efforts to other agencies. On the contrary, many other agencies hope to make more linkages to schools. This requires schools' more active participation to the network. From the analysis of structural equivalence, most agencies are meaningfully classified to one of four structurally equivalent groups. Utilizing this result, in the future networking projects, more ballanced and complete combination of agencies in different role groups may be possible.
With regard to police agencies, their degree centralitiy is relatively high but their betweenness centrality and closeness centrality are relatively low. This implies that police agencies' network is rather narrowly bounded to a few agencies and thus in need of more extensive formulation of linkages to widespread agencies including those sited at peripheries or structural holes. However, in the short run, it may be efficient for police agencies to make more intensive linkages to those agencies which have higher betweenness centrality and closeness centrality, are closer in geodesic distance, and are higher in maximum flows to police agencies. Additionally, it is appeared that in juvenile delinquency prevention network, the role of nonprofit youth care centers or group homes of volunteers are very important. However, some of these agencies are in need of more government's financial supports.
Based on the above analyses, the study suggests more practical policy implications for police agencies. For instance, a step-by-step approach to the police's network building is suggested. At first step, police would rather make more intensive linkages to the core and/or highly central agencies. Next step, police would rather make more extensive linkages to the agencies at periphery and/or structural holes. Legislation for agencies' compulsory participation to the juvenile delinquency prevention network, eatablishment of specialized units in major agencies for inter-agency network, behavioral strategies for agencies' voluntary cooperation based on the tipping point model, and enlarging police discretionary powers in dealing with juvenlile offenders are all necessary preconditions for builing and developing police's juvenile delinquency prevention networks.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 연구의 목적 = 1
• 제2절 연구의 범위와 방법 = 5
• 1. 연구의 범위 = 5
• 2. 연구의 방법 = 10
• 제2장 연구의 이론적 배경 = 12
• 제1절 경찰활동의 조직간 네트워크의 개념과 필요성 = 12
• 1. 경찰활동의 조직간 네트워크의 개념 = 12
• 2. 경찰활동의 조직간 네트워크의 필요성 = 17
• 제2절 청소년비행 예방을 위한 경찰활동의 조직간 네트워크 = 34
• 1. 경찰활동의 조직간 네트워크의 적용 논의 = 35
• 2. 청소년비행 예방의 경우 = 39
• 3. 외국의 사례 = 44
• 제3절 선행연구의 검토 = 52
• 1. 선행연구의 분석대상과 접근방법 = 52
• 2. 이 연구의 분석대상과 접근방법 = 58
• 제3장 조사연구의 설계 = 61
• 제1절 분석틀의 설정 = 61
• 1. 분석 단위와 대상 = 61
• 2. 분석 내용 = 77
• 3. 분석의 틀 = 84
• 제2절 자료의 수집 = 86
• 1. 조사 도구 = 86
• 2. 표본 추출 = 90
• 제3절 분석 방법 = 91
• 제4장 조사결과의 분석 = 95
• 제1절 전주시 청소년비행 예방 네트워크의 개관 = 95
• 제2절 전주시 청소년비행 예방 네트워크의 분석 = 101
• 1. 네트워크 행위자 분석 = 101
• 2. 네트워크 연계구조 분석 = 107
• 3. 조직간 연계 우선순위 분석 = 125
• 4. 경찰기관의 네트워크 특성 분석 = 131
• 제5장 결론 = 154
• 참고 문헌 = 159
• ABSTRACT = 169
• 부록 : 설문지 = 174