정신지체아동의 지능지수별 조음특성

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ABSTRACT

The Feature of Articulation according to Intelligence Quotient in Mentally Retarded Children

Hong, Seung-Kook

Department of Special Education
Graduate School of Kong Ju National University
kong Ju, Korea

(Supervised by Professor Do Soon, Hwang, Ph.D.)


The present study investigates the tendency on articulation development of the mentally retarded children.
The purpose of this is the find out of tendency of articulation development by the correct proportion of total consonants' articulation, tendency of articulation development in the manner of articulation and in the place of articulation, and the tendency of articulation development in the error types and in the target consonants within each word.
The instrument used in this study is the Urimal test of Articulation and Phonation. The U-TAP consists of 23 picture cards and 43 words can be deduced from the cards. It will be able to inspect the articulation above 2 from one word. 19 consonants out of the 25words are supposed to be examined. These 19 consonants are devised to be able to occupy at any place, (at the initial sound in the middle syllable of a word, at the final sound in the some syllable of a word), so total 43 phonemes can be tested.
For the subject for this study, 20 mentally retarded persons who attend speech clinic centers in Daejeon took part in the Urimal test of Articulation and Phonation.
The distribution of their chronological age is from 3 age to 9 age but their intelligence quotient is until 40~49 from 70~79.
According to the result of this study, we have come to conclusion as follows.
First, mentally retarded children's correct rate of whole consonant articulation increases as their intelligence quotient glows up.
As it can be seen in the result of this study, it was just 65.1% of correct rate of whole consonant articulation for Intelligence quotient 40~49 group but it was 97.6% of correct rate of whole consonant articulation-which means almost completely developed-for intelligence quotient 70~79 group.
In the T -test by each age group, the width of development has meaningful result over whole age groups. Especially, development breadth decreased as intelligence quotient age grows up. But it increases between Intelligence quotient 70 and 79.
Second, in the place of articulation, the articulation development tendency has a little difference in each intelligence quotient group but the order of the total misarticulation, is proved to be velar, alvealar, palatal, bilabial, glottal and the order almost agree with the case of normal children.
In the manner of articulation, the oder of misarticulation, of which sequence is from higher misarticulation to lower misarticulation, is proved to be nasal, stop, affricate, fricative.
Third, in the articulation tendency of the error types, the error rate due to replacement occupies 30.23%, the error rate due to omission occupies 8.14% within total error. But distortion occurs extremely little.
For error types in the place of articulation and in the manner articulation, omission occurs mainly on the faster developed articulation and replacement occurs mainly on the slow developed articulation.
In the articulation development tendency of target consonant in the location of words, the order of which sequence is from higher misarticulation to lower misarticulation is proved to be the end of a word-final sound, the middle of a word- initial sound, the head of a word-initial sound.
It is different from the case of normal children whose sequens is the head of a word -initial sound, the end of a word -fianal sounds, the middle of word-initial sound.
Therefore we can come to conclusion that the articulation development tendency of target consonant in the location of word for mentally retarded children is different from that of normal children.
In the view point of the error types in the location of a word, replacement occurs a lot in the case of the head of a word -initial sound and the middle of a word-initial sound, omission occurs a lot in the case of the end of a word-final sound.
In the place of articulation, errors occur often in the end of word for bilabial, alveolar and velar but error occurs often in the head of a word-initial sound for palatal and errors occur often in the middle of a word-initial sound for glottal.
In the manner of articulation, misarticulation occur often in the end of a word -final sound for stops, nasal sounds and fricatives.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 의의 1
• 2. 연구 목적 2
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 4
• 1. 정신지체아동의 조음특성 4
• 2. 자음의 조음위치와 조음방법 특성 5
• 1) 조음위치별 조음특성 5
• 2) 조음방법별 조음특성 8
• 3. 조음의 오류형태와 단어 내 위치에서의 발달 특성 10
• 1) 오류형태별 조음특성 10
• 2) 단어 내 위치에서 목표자음의 특성 12
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 14
• 1. 연구대상 14
• 2. 검사도구 14
• 1) 검사도구의 명칭과 목적 14
• 2) 검사도구의 구성 15
• 3. 검사방법 및 절차 16
• 1) 검사를 위한 사전준비 16
• 2) 검사 장소 및 검사에 이용된 자료 17
• 3) 검사방법 및 절차 17
• 4) 검사실시 18
• 5) 기록하기 19
• 6) 자료처리 20
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 23
• 1 지능지수별 전체 자음정확도의 특성 23
• 2 지능지수별 조음위치와 조음방법의 특성 25
• 1) 조음위치별 조음특성 25
• 2) 조음방법별 조음특성 30
• 3. 지능지수별 오류형태와 단어 내 위치에서의 조음 특성 35
• 1) 오류형태별 조음특성 35
• 2) 단어 내 위치에서 목표자음의 조음특성 40
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언 47
• 1. 결론 47
• 2. 제언 49
• 참고문헌 50
• ABSTRACT 53
• 부록 57