등산 참여경험과 여가정체성 및 심리적 웰빙의 관계 = Possible Correlations Among Mountaineering Experiences, Leisure Identity and Psychologic Well-being

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to examine possible correlations among mountaineering participation, mountaineering involvement, leisure identity and psychologic well-being.
This study took a population from members of unit alpine clubs under Daegu branch of Korea Alpine Federation(KAF) as of June 2006, as well as members of Daegu Mountaineering School Alumni Association by means of convenience sampling based on mailing survey.
This study used self-administered questionnaire as survey tool, and the questionnaire contained 5 items on ‘sex, age, academic career, income and occupation' in terms of ‘sociodemographic variables' of mountaineering participants; 3 items on ‘participation intensity, frequency and period' in terms of ‘mountaineering participation’; 8 items on

*A thesis submitted to the Council of the Graduate School of Kyungpook National University in partial frlfillment of the requirement for the degree of Ph. K in June 2007.

‘cognitive and behavioral involvement' as sub-variables in terms of ‘mountaineering involvement' on the basis of ESCM questionnaire(devised by Scanlan & Simons, 1992; adapted by Jung Yong-gak, 1997); 17 items on sub-variables like ‘identification, esteem and emotional affection' on the basis of a modified and complemented version of some questionnaire(Callero, 1985; Laverie, 1995) in terms of ‘leisure identity’; and 29 items on sub-variables like ‘purpose of life, self-acceptance, environmental control, positive interpersonal relationships, autonomy and personal growth' in terms of ‘psychologic well-being', before which both validity test and reliability test were conducted in preliminary way on the basis of a PWBS questionnaire (devised by Ryff, 1989; adapted by Kim Myeong-so, et. al., 2001)
Through these methodologies and procedures, this study came to the following conclusions:
First, for ‘mountaineering participation' depending on sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that male group took part in mountaineering for longer period than female group by ‘sex'. By ‘age distribution', it was found that 20's and 30's group showed more positive participation than 60's group. And 60's group took part in mountaineering longer than any other age group. By ‘monthly income', over 5 million won group took part in mountaineering for longer period than any other monthly income group. By ‘occupation’, self-employed group took part in mountaineering for longer period than functional job/production group.
Second, in terms of ‘mountaineering involvement' depending on sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that male group showed higher level of cognitive and behavioral involvement than female group by ‘sex.' By ‘age distribution', 50's and 60's group showed higher level of cognitive involvement than 20's group. In terms of ‘leisure identity' depending upon sociodemographic characteristics, male group showed higher level of identification and esteem than female group by ‘sex.' By ‘age distribution’, it was found that 60's, 50's and 20's group showed higher level of emotional affections than 40's and 30's group. By ‘occupation’, it was found that sales or service group, self-employed group and other groups showed higher level of esteem than professional/freelancer group. In terms of ‘psychologic well-being' depending upon sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that male group showed higher level of self -acceptance, autonomy and environmental control than female group by ‘sex.' By ‘academic career’, it was noted that graduate school or higher group showed higher personal growth than other groups. By ‘monthly income', over 5 million won group showed higher level of autonomy than other groups.
Third, it was found that ‘participation intensity, frequency and period' as indices of mountaineering participation had positive effects on identification, esteem and emotional affection of leisure identity. And it was found that ‘participation period and intensity' had positive effects of self- acceptance as index of psychologic well-being. ‘Participation period’ had positive effects on environmental control, positive interpersonal relationship and autonomy as indices of psychologic well-being.
Fourth, it was found that ‘behavioral and cognitive involvement' as indices of mountaineering involvement had positive effects on identification, esteem and emotional affection as indices of leisure identification. And it was found that ‘behavioral and cognitive involvement’ had positive influence on self-acceptance and environmental control, while ‘cognitive involvement’ had positive effects on interpersonal relationship. In addition, ‘behavioral involvement’ had positive effects on autonomy and personal growth.
Fifth, ‘esteem and identification' as indices of leisure identification had positive effects on self-acceptance as index of psychologic well-being, while ‘emotional affection’ had positive effects on environmental control, (positive) interpersonal relationship, and autonomy.
Finally, ‘mountaineering participation’ had firsthand influence on leisure identity, and ‘mountaineering involvement’ had firsthand influence on leisure identity and psychologic well-being. ‘Mountaineering participation and involvement’ had secondhand effects on psychologic well-being via leisure identity, and the ‘leisure identity’ had direct effects on psychologic well-being.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 5
• 3. 연구 문제 6
• 4. 용어의 정의 6
• 5. 연구의 제한점 7
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 9
• 1. 등산 9
• 1) 등산의 특성 9
• 2) 동호인 등산 참여 현황 11
• 2. 여가몰입 및 여가정체성 14
• 1) 여가몰입 14
• 2) 여가정체성 19
• 3. 웰빙 및 심리적 웰빙 21
• 1) 웰빙 21
• 2) 심리적 웰빙 29
• Ⅲ. 변인 간의 관계모형 및 연구가설 31
• 1. 관계모형 31
• 2. 관련변인 35
• 3. 연구가설 40
• Ⅳ. 연구방법 42
• 1. 연구대상 42
• 2. 연구기간 44
• 3. 조사도구 44
• 1) 설문지의 신뢰도 46
• 2) 설문지의 타당도 47
• 4. 조사절차 52
• 1) 전문가 토의 52
• 2) 예비조사 52
• 3) 설문지 배부 및 회수 52
• 5. 통계처리 53
• Ⅴ. 결과 및 분석 54
• 1. 사회․인구학적 특성에 따른 등산 참여정도, 등산 몰입정도, 여가정체성 및
• 심리적 웰빙의 평균차 54
• 1) 사회․인구학적 특성에 따른 등산 참여정도 54
• 2) 사회․인구학적 특성에 따른 등산 몰입정도 56
• 3) 사회․인구학적 특성에 따른 여가정체성 58
• 4) 사회․인구학적 특성에 따른 심리적 웰빙 60
• 2. 등산 참여정도, 등산 몰입정도, 여가정체성 및 심리적 웰빙의 관계 62
• 1) 등산 참여정도와 관련변수 간의 상관관계 62
• 2) 등산 참여정도와 여가정체성 64
• 3) 등산 참여정도와 심리적 웰빙 65
• 4) 등산 몰입정도와 여가정체성 67
• 5) 등산 몰입정도와 심리적 웰빙 69
• 6) 여가정체성과 심리적 웰빙 71
• 3. 등산 참여정도, 등산 몰입정도, 여가정체성 및 심리적 웰빙의 인과적 관계 73
• 1) 구조모형의 부합도 분석 74
• 2) 구조모형의 경로검정 75
• Ⅵ. 논의 80
• Ⅶ. 결론 및 제언 91
• 참고문헌 96
• ABSTRACT 107
• 부록 110