중년여성의 자아정체감 증진을 위한 내적가족체계치료 프로그램 개발 및 효과 = The Development and Effects of Internal Family Systems Therapy Program to increase Ego-Identity of Middle-Aged Women

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to develop internal family systems therapy program to increase ego-identity of middle-aged women, and to verify the effectiveness of the program. This research was carried out in three stages. The first stage included the selection of contents and activities of the program. The second stage was to develop the internal family systems therapy program to increase ego-identity of middle-aged women. The research of third stage has verified the effectiveness of the program.
In the first stage of the research, it was examined the variables that had effects on ego-identity of middle-aged women. The participants were 755 middle-aged women ranging in age from 40 to 60. They were surveyed by questionnaire. The survey was conducted from Feb. 6. to Mar. 27. 2006. The instruments used in the study were the ego-identity scale, the depression scale, the self-differentiation scale, the sense of crisis scale, the social support scale, the internal family systems scale and the questionnaire of demographic variables.The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Scheff？, pearson correlation, multiple regression analysis and path-analysis.
The findings of the first stage were as follows: 1) the middle-aged women were showed different ego-identity according to the job, the level of education, the subjective level of health, the subjective level of economy, and the level of family-of-original relationship. 2) The predictors of ego-identity of middle-aged women were depression, sense of crisis, self-differentiation, social support and internal family systems. 3) Social support, internal family systems, self-differentiation and depression had direct effects on ego-identity of middle-aged women. And social support, internal family systems had direct effects on self-differentiation and depression. The sense of crisis did not directly influence ego-identity.
In the second stage of the research, the group counseling program to increase ego-identity of middle-aged women was developed based on the following procedures: need analysis, formulation of objectives, selection of contents and activities, organization of contents, selection of strategies, and the application and evaluation of the program.
As a result, internal family systems therapy program was developed. The program was composed of 12 sessions(120 minutes per session). The objectives of this program were for middle-aged women to differentiate the self of internal systems, to identify constraints impinging on an individual part, to release constraints impinging on an individual part, to harmonize the internal family, and to enhance ego-identity.
The elements of these programs were the awareness of self-parts relationship, understanding and accepting polarized parts, the comprehension of parts dynamics, and the balance and harmony of internal family. The counseling techniques used in this program were mainly meditation, open-chair technique, and internal mind drawing.
The third stage of the research was to verify the effectiveness of the internal family systems therapy program developed by the researcher. 31 middle-aged women ranged in age from 40 to 60. Two groups were identified as equivalents for the study in the pre-test. The program of this experimental group were implemented twice a week for 120 minutes per each session over a 6-week period.
The pre-test(Aug. 29. 2006), the post-test(Oct. 20. 2006) and the follow-up test(Nov. 20. 2006) were implemented in order to verify the effectiveness of the programs. The Participants absent more than three times in the program were excluded from the post-test and follow-up test. Eventually, the data on 31 persons(15 for the internal family systems therapy, 16 for the control group) were analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the program. The instruments used in the study were the ego-identity scale, the depression scale, the self-differentiation scale, the social support scale, the internal family systems scale, and the questionnaire of demographic variables. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, simple main effect, post-hoc t-est, means and standard deviations. And the program were conducted from Sep. 5. to Oct. 20. 2006.
The findings of the third stage were as follows: 1) the internal family systems therapy program had significant effects on enhancing the ego-identity. There was a large increase of the ego-identity in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 1 month which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there were no changes according to the time. 2) The internal family systems therapy program had significant effects on reduction of the depression. There was a major decrease of the depression in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 1 month which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there were no changes according to the time. 3) The internal family systems therapy program had significant effects on improving the self-differentiation. There was a momentous increase of the self-differentiation in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 1 month which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there were no changes according to the time. 4) The internal family systems therapy program had significant effects on developing the social support. There was a significant increase of the social support in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 1 month which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there were no changes according to the time. 5) The internal family systems therapy program had significant effects on boosting the self of internal systems. There was a significant increase in the self of internal systems in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 1 month which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there were no changes according to the time.
In conclusion, this study showed that the internal family systems therapy program was effective to increase ego-identity, self-differentiation, social support, and self of internal systems and to decrease depression of the middle-aged women. Based on these findings, the limitations of the study were discussed, and the future research was suggested.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 목적 및 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구문제 = 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 7
• 1. 중년여성의 자아정체감과 관련변인 = 7
• 1) 자아정체감과 우울의 관계 = 7
• 2) 자아정체감과 위기감의 관계 = 8
• 3) 자아정체감과 자아분화의 관계 = 9
• 4) 자아정체감과 사회적 지지 = 10
• 5) 자아정체감과 사회인구학적 변인의 관계 = 10
• 2. 내적가족체계(Internal Family Systems; IFS) 치료 = 11
• 1) 주요개념 = 12
• 2) 문제의 본질 = 14
• 3) 치료의 본질 = 16
• 4) 치료자의 역할 = 17
• 5) IFS의 인간관 및 정신병리관 = 17
• 3. 중년여성의 자아정체감과 IFS치료 = 18
• Ⅲ. 중년여성의 자아정체감 증진을 위한 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초연구 = 20
• 1. 연구방법 및 절차 = 20
• 1) 연구대상 = 20
• 2) 측정도구 = 20
• 3) 자료수집 및 분석 = 24
• 2. 연구결과 = 24
• 1) 사회인구학적 변인에 따른 자아정체감 차이 = 24
• 2) 자아정체감에 대한 우울, 위기감, 자아분화, 사회적 지지, IFS의 영향 = 27
• 3) 경로분석을 통한 프로그램의 예비모델 = 30
• Ⅳ. 중년여성의 자아정체감 증진을 위한 IFS치료 프로그램의 개발 = 34
• 1. IFS치료 프로그램의 개발과정 = 34
• 2. IFS치료 프로그램의 목적 = 36
• 3. IFS치료 프로그램의 구성요소 = 37
• 1) 자기-부분 관계인식 = 37
• 2) 양극화된 부분 이해 및 수용 = 38
• 3) 부분역동 이해 = 38
• 4) 내적가족체계 조화 및 균형 = 39
• 4. IFS치료 프로그램의 주제와 활동내용 = 40
• 5. IFS치료 프로그램의 구성 및 내용구성의 타당도검증 = 43
• 1) IFS치료 프로그램의 구성 = 43
• 2) IFS치료 프로그램 내용구성의 타당도검증 = 46
• Ⅴ. 중년여성의 자아정체감 증진을 위한 IFS치료 프로그램의 적용 및 효과 = 47
• 1. IFS치료 프로그램의 적용 = 47
• 1) 연구대상 = 47
• 2) 연구설계 = 48
• 3) 측정도구 = 48
• 4) 자료수집 및 자료분석 = 49
• 2. IFS치료 프로그램의 효과 = 50
• 1) 자아정체감 증진에 미치는 효과 = 50
• 2) 우울 감소에 미치는 효과 = 53
• 3) 자아분화 증가에 미치는 효과 = 56
• 4) 사회적 지지 증가에 미치는 효과 = 59
• 5) 내적가족체계 변화에 미치는 효과 = 62
• 6) 프로그램에 대한 만족도 분석 = 66
• Ⅵ. 논의 = 69
• 1. IFS치료 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초연구 = 69
• 2. 중년여성의 자아정체감 증진을 위한 IFS치료 프로그램 개발 = 75
• 3. 중년여성의 자아정체감 증진을 위한 IFS치료 프로그램의 적용 및 효과 = 84
• Ⅶ. 결론 및 제언 = 94
• 1. 결론 = 94
• 2. 연구의 제한점 및 제언 = 96
• 1) 연구의 제한점 = 96
• 2) 제언 = 97
• 참고문헌 = 99
• 부록 = 108
• Abstract = 176