일제시대 시험의 사회사 = A social history of examinations in the period of Japanese Imperialism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of this study is to inquire into the way of Japanese governing through exams and the consequential conflicts and the resistances of Koreans, in times of Japanese forced annexation of Korea. The contents of this study is to analyze 1) the guideline or stipulation of state government official exams, state qualifying exams, and the examiners and the successful candidates in those years, 2) the stipulations and the realities of test(the regular exam and entrance exam), intra-constructions of entrance exam and so on, 3) a kind of myths and realities which the fevers of examination brought about.
The method of this study is to take socio-historical perspectives. In this study, the term 'socio-history' means 1) social changes caused by exam climate, 2) a methodology comparing with the institutional history, 3) an approach with both macro-history and micro-history. The research materials include 1)interviews with those who were teachers or students in the colonial years and their remembrance, 2) statistical data and official gazettes in those years, newspapers and magazines etc. 3) school registers, student grade-sheet, grade-sheet chart, test papers and the like relating to school exams.
This paper is composed in 7 parts : Ⅰ) introduction Ⅱ) the advent of exam centered society Ⅲ) state operating exam (primarily focused on the exam selecting government officials) Ⅳ) state qualifying examination Ⅴ) school examination Ⅵ) the myth and reality Ⅶ) conclusion.
In Ⅱ-the advent of exam centered society, I looked into the characteristics of modern time examination, the concerns of the press and literary world, and the scale of examinee.
In Ⅲ) state operating exam, clarified the characteristics of state qualified test, the status of Koreans in grade of ranks, the guideline and intra-constructions of the exam selecting government officials('moon-kwan si-hum') and the examiner and the selected. 'Moon-kwan si-hum(MKSH)' includes higher MKSH, Manchurian higher MKSH and the standardized MKSH.
In Ⅳ) state qualifying examination, examined the characteristic of state qualified test, the uncommon conditions and the agony of the colonized teachers, the guideline of selecting teacher test and the examiner and the selected.
In Ⅴ) school examination, I looked mainly into the school exams and entrance tests. Through the school exams, they could control students effieciently and the entrance test functioned as an selecting test. The entrance test is composed of opinion memorandum, oral test, paper test and physical check-up.
In Ⅵ) the myth and reality, analyzed mythologized climate about exam and the reality in which one can discover how the nation discrimination, class difference and sexism brought about, how they interacted and reinforced, how the exam system could domesticate the people and how they could resist against this reality.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 : 연구의 목적, 방법 및 이론화 = 1
• 1. 연구의 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구의 방법 = 6
• 3. 연구의 이론적 맥락 = 15
• Ⅱ. 시험의 사회적 출현 = 27
• 1. 시험의 성격과 제도 = 27
• 2. 시험의 사회적 위상 = 35
• 3. 시험 관련자의 규모 : 구경꾼에서 가담자로 = 50
• Ⅲ. 국가관리시험 = 55
• 1. 국가관리시험의 성격 = 55
• 2. 위계조직 속의 조선인 관리 = 60
• 3. 문관시험의 규정과 내부구성 = 64
• 4. 출제자와 합격자 = 87
• Ⅳ. 국가자격시험 = 112
• 1. 국가자격시험의 성격 = 112
• 2. 식민지 교사의 영달과 고뇌 = 117
• 3. 교원시험의 규정과 내부구성 = 127
• 4. 출제자와 합격자 = 145
• Ⅴ. 학교시험 = 164
• 1. 학내시험과 정기시험의 폐지 = 165
• 2. 입학시험의 제도적 변화와 ‘새로운 실험’ = 200
• 3. 입학시험의 내부구성 = 240
• 4. 기타 시험 = 288
• Ⅵ. 신화와 현실 = 294
• 1. 신화의 토양 : 시험의 상징과 인식 = 295
• 2. 좌절과 열망 : 개인 삶과 시험 = 299
• 3. 현실의 무게 : 수험 문화와 비용 = 314
• 4. 신화와 현실의 뒤엉킴 : 시험의 정치와 식민지성 = 331
• 5. 순치와 저항, 그 갈등의 길목 = 355
• Ⅵ. 요약, 더 진전된 연구를 위해 = 364
• 참고문헌 = 375
• Abstract = 393
• 부록 = 395