The purpose of this study was to examine how the school organizational effectiveness was affected by the school principals' transformational leadership, teachers'empowerment, followership and trust in principals. The research questions were posed as b...
The purpose of this study was to examine how the school organizational effectiveness was affected by the school principals' transformational leadership, teachers'empowerment, followership and trust in principals. The research questions were posed as below:
First, what is the awareness of teachers about the school principals'transformational leadership, teachers' empowerment,followership and trust in principals and school organizational effectiveness by background variables?
Second, what is the view of teachers about the effect of the school principals' transformational leadership, teachers'empowerment, followership and trust in principals on school organizational effectiveness?
Third, do the grade of school(elementary and secondary) and the type of foundation(national ? public and private) make any differences to the effect of the school principals' transformational leadership,teachers' empowerment, followership and trust in principals on school organizational effectiveness?
The subjects in this study were 1,105 elementary and secondary school teachers in Seoul, Gyeonggi province and Incheon.
In order to measure the related variables, existing equipment or partially modified supplements for the research were used.
For data handling, SPSS 12.0K was utilized to calculate Cronbach alpha values, and descriptive statistical data were secured.
Independent-samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were applied, and Amos 4.01 program was utilized to implement ANCOVA.
The major findings of the study were as follows:
First, as for the outlook of the teachers by their background variables on the school principals' transformational leadership,teachers' empowerment, followership and trust in principals and school organizational effectiveness, the teachers investigated had a relatively high opinion in general. They looked at teachers' trust in principals most favorably, and took the most dismal view of their followership.
Regarding the relationship of their background variables to theirperspective about the school principals' transformational leadership,teachers' empowerment, followership and trust in principals and school organizational effectiveness, the female teachers placed a higher value than the males on teacher empowerment and school organizational effectiveness. By teaching career, the teachers with experience and responsibility thought highly of all the variables more than less experienced teachers, and the head teachers took a better view than the lay teachers of the empowerment and followership of teachers and their trust in principals.
Concerning the relationship of the background variables of school to their outlook on the school principals' transformational leadership, teachers' empowerment, followership and trust in principals and school organizational effectiveness, the elementary school teachers had a higher opinion on all the variables than the secondary school teachers. By type of foundation, the national and public school teachers took a better view than the private school teachers of all the variables except for teachers' followership. So there was a necessity for considering how to improve the views of the secondary school teachers and private school teachers.
Second, as to the effect of the school principals' transformational leadership, teachers' empowerment, followership and trust in principals on school organizational effectiveness, every teacher believed, regardless of the grade of their schools and the type of foundation, that the school principals' transformational leadership had a indirect effect on school organizational effectiveness throughteachers' empowerment, followership and trust in principals, instead of affecting it directly. Accordingly, principals should realize the importance of teachers in school organization, approve of them,extend their autonomy and let them take part in major decision making in order to enhance school organizational effectiveness.
Third, in regard to the direct and indirect effect of the school principals' transformational leadership on school organizational effectiveness by the grade of school and type of foundation, all the teachers generally perceived that the teachers' empowerment had the biggest indirect effect, and the elementary, secondary, national and public school teachers consented to that. But the private school teachers felt that teachers' trust in principals had the greatest indirect effect on that. So principals should come up with successful strategies to take school organizational effectiveness to another level. For instance, they should approve of the potential of teachers,give them a greater autonomy and allow them to be involved in major decision making. In addition, private school principals should have a sincere and decent personality, and manage their schools in a consistent manner, and deploy the kind of leadership that could enjoy the confidence and respect of school members.
In the future, sustained experimental research should be conducted to acquire more accurate information on a causal relationship between a wide variety of variables related to principals and teachers and school organizational effectiveness.