불교사찰관광의 활성화 방안에 관한 연구 : 경주지역을 중심으로 = (A) Study on Alternatives to Activate Buddhist Temple Tourism : focused on Gyeongju region

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to do the following: examine the current states of the temples subject to Buddhist temple tourism, in particular analyze the factors affecting potential Buddhist temple tourists mainly around Gyeongju region; examine the current use so that an accurate understanding and evaluation of the temples as a cultural tourist asset can be undertaken; promote the attractions of Buddhist temples as a tourist object to potential tourists, and seek ways in which Buddhist temple tourism can be rejuvenated.
The object of this study is Buddhist temple tourism in Gyeongju region. In order to carry out the research more effectively, this study used an indirect measurement through conducting literature researches and questionnaire researches as method of study.
The thesis acknowledge the study is limited in that the time period is restricted to March 2003, and also in that there are spatial restrictions since only Bulguksa, Seokguram, Bunhwangsa, Kirimsa, Keumjungsa, Baekyulsa, and Mangwolsa were taken into consideration.
The analysis of the thesis is premised on suggesting methods by which Buddhist temple tourism can be promoted and on inquiring and developing tourist resource values. Hence the subject of analysis can be categorized broadly into Buddhist temple tourism demand and Buddhist temple tourism supply, and a more detailed classification would be tourism activity system, tourism traffic system, tourism attraction system and tourism business system. Focusing on such analytic subjects, this study establishes analytic units and substances predicated on theoretic and legal grounds. Moreover, it reveal problems and suggest solutions to such analyzed current situations based on cultural tourism phenomena.
The sample was extracted in March 2003 at Bulguksa, Seokguram, Bunhwangsa, Kirimsa, Keumjungsa, Baekyulsa, and Mangwolsa. 50 copies each totalling 350 copies were distributed at research areas among which 346 copies were returned. With the exception of 12 copies with weak responses and 4 unreturned copies, the remaining 334 copies were all used in actual research.
To summarize the results of this study, the general characteristics of the respondents show that there were more women (55.1%), more people in the 20's (54.2%), more undergraduates (55.1%), more Buddhists (67.7%) and of the Buddhists they were mainly Jogyejong (46.1%). The most visited temple was Bulguksa (27.1%); most people visited in autumn (35.3%), and on weekends (32.9%); the companion type was mainly friend/family (34.7%); object of visit was mainly target destination for sightseeing (51.8%); the reason for temple visit was mainly for historical and cultural sightseeing (44.9%); method of information acquirement was primarily through TV/radio (20.4%); frequency of Buddhist temple visit was mainly 1∼2 times (49.7%); average time taken at temple was within 2 hours (37.1%); majority of people did not spend the night (71.3%); and most people did not offer food to Buddha (56.0%). Other results of note are as follows. Main method of transport in the visit was by car (50.9%); more people thought the difficulty in finding the temples were average (55.1%); more people also thought road conditions were normal (51.8%). More people thought that of the current state of Buddhist temple heritage development, the value of tourism was great (39.8%); more people thought development of Buddhist temples as tourist attractions was desirable (60.5%); toilets were deemed most in need of improvement (28.4%); most people regarded the state of cultural resources development at Buddhist temples as average (45.8); the most impressive heritage was the image of Buddha (24.0%); and people were most interested by the cultural assets on possession at each temple. Regarding the commercialization of Buddhist temple tourism, most people thought state of specialization of shopping commodities was average (42.2%); variety of such products were also deemed average (35.9%) as was the response on the quality of products (41.3%). Regarding the evaluation of Buddhist temple tourism, most people had modest expectations (49.7%), and most people regarded the difference between prior expectation and actual experience as average (44.3%); most people had intentions to persuade others to visit Buddhist temples (50.0%); more people had intentions to revisit (42.2%); many people picked lack of accommodation and convenience facilities as the major problem (29.3%); and most people thought the most required information was that regarding traffic (30.5%).
The following is a summary of measures to stimulate Buddhist temple tourism predicated on the analysis of this study.
1. To promote public attentions to Buddhist temple tourism: first, research and development in package tour of the temples; second, provision of various information via the internet; and third, development of events and programs according to time of the year and introduction of curators are needed.
2. On measures to improve approachability of Buddhist temples: first, the provision of various traffic information and improvement of local tourist traffic networks; second, the expansion and pavement of roads, the opening of scheduled roads and operation of trains, helicopters and light aircraft; third, replacement of aged vehicles and the upgrade of service quality; and fourth, the development of wide-ranging Buddhist temple tourist routes that are closely connected to other cities according to required methods of travel.
3. Measures to render the Buddhist temples more attractive: first, utilization of specific history, cultural assets, myths or famous people to various festivals and events; second, improvement of toilets in other public areas; third, publication of how admission fees are put to use; fourth, development of traditional tea houses and the Zen-Buddhist meditation rooms; fifth, installment of tourist guide-posts which are easily understandable and include religion substances.
4. Measures to develop valuable tourist products: first, production and sale of qualitive specialities and souvenirs within the temples; second, diverse experience of the temple culture through temple-stay programs; third, activation of temple survey visits and development of tourist courses involving history of Buddhism.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = Ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 서언 = 1
• 1. 연구의 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구의 대상과 범위 및 방법 = 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 5
• 1. 불교사찰의 기능과 특성 = 5
• 2. 문화관광의 의의와 문화관광현상의 체계 = 7
• 3. 문화관광자원으로서의 불교사찰과 분포 = 14
• Ⅲ. 분석모형 및 조사설계 = 18
• 1. 분석모형의 정립 = 18
• 2. 조사설계 = 19
• Ⅳ. 경주지역 불교사찰관광의 조사 분석 = 21
• 1. 응답자의 일반적 특성 = 21
• 2. 불교사찰관광객의 동향 분석 = 23
• 3. 불교사찰자원에의 접근 교통체계 분석 = 40
• 4. 불교사찰자원의 개발실태 분석 = 44
• 5. 불교사찰문화의 관광상품화 현황 분석 = 54
• 6. 불교사찰관광 평가 및 분석결과 종합 = 58
• Ⅴ. 불교사찰관광의 활성화를 위한 제언 = 69
• 1. 불교사찰 관광유치의 촉진 방안 = 69
• 2. 불교사찰자원에의 접근성 제고 방안 = 70
• 3. 불교사찰자원의 매력성 강화 방안 = 71
• 4. 가치있는 불교사찰문화 관광상품의 개발 방안 = 74
• Ⅵ. 결론 = 76
• 참고문헌 = 78
• Abstract = 81
• 설문지 = 86