미술 치료에 의한 ADHD(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) 아동의 부적응 행동 개선에 관한 연구 = (A)study on the improvement of ADHD children's maladjustment behaviors through art therapy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ADHD(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), one of very common maladjustment behaviors in school, makes ADHD children have the difficulty in study and in interaction with peers, even though they have the normal intelligence quotient.
By continuously getting the negative evaluation from their parents, teachers, or peers, ADHD children are prone to have low self-esteem and negative self-concept, and this will cause other sequential problems.
Therefore, to modify the maladjustment behaviors of ADHD children effectively, it is necessary to introduce Art Therapy in school. The purpose of this study is to know how Art Therapy affects the reduction of ADHD children's maladjustment behaviors.
The subjects were three students of a junior high school in Ansan, who showed ADHD symptoms through DSM-IV(1994). ABAB research design was chosen, and the tables and the graphs were made by checking the students' attention period and the frequency of the maladjustment behaviors in every program.
The results of this study will be summarized as follows.
First, the subjects showed the attention deficit, that is, they couldn't sustain their attention to do the program about average 5 minutes. These children had the shortest attention period during Basic Line 1 period(A1). During Intervention 1 period(B1), the children's attention period was the longest, but it dropped during Basic Line 2(A2) without intervention, and then increased during Intervention 2 period(B2). Therefore, the results of these programs showed the intervention worked in general.
Secondly, according to the analysis about the over-all change of the maladjustment behaviors among three children, the average frequency of these maladjustment behaviors was the highest during Basic Line 1 period(A1), but decreased during Intervention 1 period(B1), and climbed up a little during Basic Line 2 period(A2) without intervention, and then reduced during Intervention 2 period(B2).
Thirdly, it was found that the subjects' maladjustment behaviors were modified effectively, through the observation handouts of the children behavior recorded in every program. The subjects were passive to show themselves because of very common pointing out mistakes and negative evaluation from others. However, they showed positive self-concept and confidence to express themselves actively after Art Therapy programs.
At last, Art Therapy showed the children's misbehaviors, such as abusive language use or aggressive behaviors could be eased off by accepting their emotional state genuinely and giving them continuous encouragement, rather than when they rebuked on their mistakes. Especially, the children used much less the abusive languages or slangs than previously.
These results showed the intervention of Art Therapy actually worked to modify the maladjustment behaviors of ADHD children and to strengthen the positive self-concept on themselves. Also, it indicated that further study on Art Therapy and the raising of the professional teachers on Art Therapy were needed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 = 1
• 2. 연구 문제 = 5
• 3. 용어의 정의 = 5
• Ⅱ. ADHD에 대한 개관 = 7
• 1. ADHD의 특성 = 7
• 2. ADHD의 원인 = 14
• 3. ADHD의 진단 = 22
• Ⅲ. 미술 치료 = 27
• 1. 미술치료의 개념 = 27
• 2. ADHD 아동을 위한 미술치료 = 32
• 3. 미술 치료 기법 = 35
• Ⅳ. 연구의 방법 = 40
• 1. 연구 대상 및 설계 = 40
• 2. 검사도구 = 42
• 3. 미술치료 프로그램 = 43
• 4. 결과 및 논의 = 44
• Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론 = 50
• 참고문헌 = 54
• Abstract = 56
• 부록 = 59