산업지구에서의 사회적 자본 형성에 관한 연구 = (A) study on the formation of social capital in the industrial district

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper explores how social capital has been formed through comparing the Third Italy and Silicon Valley, the typical models of industrial district. The social capital has contributed to social economic performance which can not be explained by traditional capital concept. And nowadays also industrial district has been focused in context of localization.
Since the 1970s, Fordism had fallen in a crisis, The Slump and After-Fordism has been introduced as its alternative. In terms of this phase, many social scientists and economists have examined the concept, ‘flexible specialization’ to search for the solutions to the flexibility problem. Flexible specialization is most distinguished in regional economies based ‘industrial district’. In this discussion, ‘social capital’ has had attention. First, by traditional concept of capital we can not understand regional economic success. Second, without the new concept of social capital we can not reorient regional policies. Third, now we know that social capital makes economic actors in the industrial district compete and cooperate each other.
As industrial district varies in forms, social capital also has a wide variety; the Italian form versus U.S. form. For example, in the Third Italy, informal forms of social capital - thick trust, generalized reciprocity and network of civic engagement - are observed relatively frequently and are based on communities which have been formed in the long history. In other words, ‘path-dependency’ is the origin of those informal forms of social capital. So, the root of the formation of social capital in the Third Italy can be drawn from the history of the communities.
On the contrary, in Silicon Valley there is no long history like the Third Italy. Furthermore, complex familial ties and structured-communities are hardly seen. Rather, formal forms of social capital which are connections between industries and universities, venture capital and flexible labor market, etc. can be obviously observed. The social capital in Silicon Valley has been formed by the basis of ‘path-formation’ in which economic actors form their own paths for the enhancement of short-term viability. On the center of the formation of social capital in Silicon Valley is collaborative network between regional, economic, institutional actors who pursue consistent innovation, competition and commercialization on the foundation of path-formation.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 1. 문제 제기 = 1
• 2. 기존 문헌의 함의 및 한계 = 4
• 3. 논문의 구성 = 6
• 제2장 산업지구와 사회적 자본 = 8
• 1. 산업지구의 개념 및 유형 = 9
• 1) 산업지구의 개념 = 9
• 2) 산업지구의 유형 = 13
• 2. 사회적 자본의 개념 및 필요성 = 18
• 1) 사회적 자본의 개념 = 18
• 2) 사회적 자본의 필요성 = 27
• (1) 전통적 자본의 한계 = 27
• (2) 지역화의 대두 = 29
• 3. 산업지구와 사회적 자본 = 30
• 제3장 산업지구 내에서의 사회적 자본의 형성 = 34
• 1. 제3이탈리아에서의 사회적 자본의 형성: 경로의존성 = 34
• 1) 제3이탈리아에서의 사회적 자본 = 34
• (1) 두터운 신뢰 = 35
• (2) 포괄적 호혜성 = 37
• (3) 시민적 참여의 네트워크 = 39
• (4) 거버넌스: 에밀리아 로마냐의 ERVET 시스템 = 41
• 2) 경로의존성에 근거한 사회적 자본의 형성 = 44
• 2. 실리콘 밸리에서의 사회적 자본의 형성: 경로형성성 = 52
• 1) 실리콘 밸리에서의 사회적 자본 = 52
• (1) 산ㆍ학 간 연계: 인적 네트워크 및 분리창업 = 53
• (2) 국방비 및 벤처캐피털의 역할: 혁신과 상업화 추진 및 결합 = 54
• (3) 노동시장: 기술이전 및 정보공유, 그리고 스톡옵션 = 56
• (4) 미국식 기업문화 = 58
• 2) 경로형성성에 근거한 사회적 자본의 형성 = 61
• 3. 비교적 함의 = 69
• 제4장 요약 및 결론 = 78
• 〈참고문헌〉 = 85
• (Abstract) = 97