This thesis aims to show that adnominal clause endings are not the grammatical morpheme means the tense but the morpheme shows the grammatical category like modality and mood. We studied the meanig of adnominal clause endings related to the time which...
This thesis aims to show that adnominal clause endings are not the grammatical morpheme means the tense but the morpheme shows the grammatical category like modality and mood. We studied the meanig of adnominal clause endings related to the time which derived the additional meaning from the fundamental meanings. And then, it was supposed that the tense system of the adnominal clause is the same with those of predicative clause.
In Korean, after establishing grammatical morpheme ‘-∂t-(-었-)’ which shows the tense, the grammatical category has been differentiated. In according to the existence or absence of grammatical morpheme which means the tense, the recognition system of dividing three part related to the tense, for example, past, present and future, has changed dividing two part, for example, 'past' and 'non-past'. But, it was considered that different system exist in the adnominal clause. Because, in according to context, adnominal clause endings, ‘-un-(-은-)’ and ‘-don-(-던-)’ show the past situation ‘-nun-(-는)’ shows the present situation and '-ul-(-을-)' shows the future situation. So, in adnomianl clause, not ‘-∂t-(-었-)’ but adnominal clause endings were used to be supposed to function as the grammatical morpheme show the tense. In the above-mentioned discussion, tense of adominal clause was considered as the same with those of predicative clause. But endings of adominal clause was not the grammatical morpheme related to the tense. Endings of adominal clause belong to not tense category but modality and mood. In according th the context, those show the only 'tense-property'.
The mood as grammatical category has already the specific grammatical morpheme. In this study, it revealed that the modality as semantic category functions the grammatical category like the tense, aspect and mood. To show that modality category sets up the grammatical category in Korean, we restricted the modality within a declinable word and studied out establishment of category with example sentence of predicative clause. In Korean, speakers has the judgement about propositions. When the judgement category function as the grammatical morpheme, we regarded as modality category.
In category classification, prefinal endings, ‘-∂t-(-었-)’, established the tense category, ‘-do-(-더-)’ and ‘-nu-(-느)' established the mood category and '-get-(-겠-)' established the modality category.
A part of adnominal clause endings combinates verbal stem functioning as modification. Besides, there are combinations of morphemes related with grammatical category. In case of former, it is named 'primary adnomianl clause endings', ‘-un-(-은-)’ and '-ul-(-을-)'. In case of latter, it is named 'secondary adnominal clause endings', ‘-nun-(-는)’ and ‘-don-(-던-)’.
‘-un-(-은-)’ and '-ul-(-을-)' belong to the modality category of judgement which shows whether the speaker makes definite or indefinite judgements. When speakers has indefinite judgement, speakers suppose that the situation combined adnominal clause, '-ul-(-을-)', represents assumption which doesn't happen. So, that can indicate the future situation
‘-nun-(-는)’ and ‘-don-(-던-)’ belong to the mood category of statement which shows the manner of speaker's description related with proposition. The meaning of "situation fixed statement" that doesn't have changed viewpoint can relate the present situation. ‘-don-(-던-)’ which can have the meaning of "the situation unfixed statement" with changing viewpoint is recognized the past situation.
We analyzed the tense of adnominal clause based on situation time and utterance time of matrix sentence. On the basis of situation time and utterance time of matrix sentence, when the endings of adnomianl clause combine ‘-un-(-은-)’ and ‘-don-(-던-)’ which derived the additional meaning from the meaning function of the mood and modality show the past situation. Similarly, when those combine '-ul-(-을-)', it shows the future situation and when those combine ‘-nun-(-는)’, it shows the present situation.
Differently, the problems of past discussions about adominal clause endings indicated that those are grammatical category as tense. Adominal clause endings are not tense morpheme but grammatical morpheme related with speakers' subjective judgement or the manner of speakers' statement. Adominal clause endings show the meaning related with the time contextually even if those were not the tense. That reason is grammatical categories maintaining some additional meanings according to the context.