생애목표유형이 학업적 자기개념, 학업노력, 시험불안에 미치는 영향 = 성취수준에 따른 차이 검증

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 생애목표 유형인 성취지향 목표와 삶지향 목표가 중학생들의 학업적 자기개념, 학업노력, 그리고 시험불안에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 확인하고, 학업성취 수준에 따라 이러한 영향이 달라지는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국교육개발원의 한국교육종단연구(Korean Education Longitudinal Survey) 2, 3차년도 종단 데이터를 사용하였으며, 학업성취 집단에 따른 차이를 잠재평균 분석 및 다집단 경로분석을 통해 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 삶지향 목표는 학생들의 학업적 자기개념, 학업노력에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 반면, 성취지향 목표는 학업적 자기개념, 시험불안에 부정적인 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 또한 학업성취 수준에 따라 생애목표 유형이 중학교 학생들에게 미치는 영향이 달라지는 것을 알 수 있었는데, 특히 삶지향 목표가 학업적 자기개념, 학업노력에 미치는 긍정적인 영향이 하위성취 집단에 비해 상위성취 집단에서 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 성취지향적인 학교 상황에서 학생들의 심리적 건강함을 유지하고 학업 동기를 높이기 위해서 학생들에게 보다 삶지향 목표를 추구할 수 있도록 지도해주는 것이 필요하며, 이때 이들의 성취수준을 고려함이 필요함을 시사한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the types of life goal, namely, achievement-oriented and the life-oriented goal, on academic self-concept, academic effort, test-anxiety of middle school students. Further, the moderating effects of different levels of academic achievement was examined. Using the second and third year data of Korean Education Longitudinal Survey, a multi-group analysis was performed to examine the moderating effects of the academic achievement level. The results demonstrated that the life-oriented goal had positive effects on academic self-concept and academic effort, whereas the achievement-oriented goal had negative effects on their self-concept and test-anxiety. Moreover, it was found that the effects of the types of future goal varied with the levels of academic achievement. In particular, the positive effects of the life-oriented goal on the students` academic self-concept and academic effort were greater in the group of high-achievers than in the group of low achievers. In conclusion, the life-oriented goal had positive influences on students` cognitive, behavioral, and affective domains, and its positive effects were greater for high achieving students than for low achieving students. These findings suggest that it be necessary to help students to seek the life-oriented goal in order to promote their psychological well-being and to increase academic motivation in an achievement oriented school environment.

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