긍정심리자본과 리더십성과 = Positive Psychological Capital and Leadership Performance

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A lot of studies on the commercial management have revealed that the role of a leader of a company. the chief executive officer is more important than any other elements to achieve further growth and development going beyond the stage of survival. As was noticed by some studies asserting that sense of humor allows a recognitive benefit for the individuals to solve the problems encountered while they implement their duties and improve flexibility coping with certain situation (Lyttle. 2007). the humor management attracts attention as one of the managerial techniques to create the performances of a business management and make use of the ability of human resources.
From such point of view this Study proceeded with the empirical research on the innovative leadership and humor by the leaders conducting a survey of 272 employees of a small and medium industries how they influence their employees in forming the positive psychological capital and how they have significant effect on the innovative inclination. job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. Thus. significant outcome and indication were obtained at the significant level of .001 as follows:First of all. the transformational leadership of a leader was disclosed to have positive (+) effect on the positive psychological capital. Secondly. this Study revealed that the leader's use of humor had a positive (+) effect on establishing positive psychological capital. This Study gained different outcomes from the precedent research (Lee Dong Sup. Choi Yong Deuk. 2010). Accordingly. a leader is required not to make the circumstances of the organization rigid by berating or inquiring any mistakes committed by its members but instead using humors for concern and investing the motivation for their sustainable growth is desirable to encourage the hope of the members and improve their challenging spirit and eventually it stipulates their positive engagement in their duties.
The third issue is; the positive psychological capital had a positive (+) effect on the innovative inclination. job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior.
The fourth issue is; investigating the alternative model to find out the most optimized one revealed that the transformational leadership of a leader had significant influence on the job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior directly not only through the positive psychological capital. Such transformational leadership. however. did not have direct effect relationship significantly on the innovative inclination, which shows that the positive psychological capital plays a role of perfect parameter. This Study deserves its contribution to finding the parameter role of the positive psychological capital. which was not disclosed between the transformational leadership and the innovative inclination by the precedent research of Chung Dae Yong. Park Kwon Hong (2010).

국문 초록 (Abstract)

기업이 생존하는 단계를 벗어나 성장 발전하기 위해서는 리더인 최고경영자의 역할 뿐만 아니라 경쟁사와 비교하여 우수한 인재를 선발하고 교육훈련을 통해 능력을 향상시킴으로써 기업의 성장 역량을 확보하는 것 또한 중요하다고 인식되어 왔다. 또한 유머는 개인들이 직무를 수행과정 중에 직면한 문제를 해결하는 데 필요한 인지적 혜택을 주며, 특정 상황에 대처할 수 있는 유연성을 증대시켜 준다는 연구결과(Lyttle, 2007)처럼, 최근 유머 경영은 기업경영에서 성과 창출과 인적자원의 능력 활용을 위한 경영기법으로 주목을 받고 있다.
이러한 관점에서 중소기업 근로자를 272명을 대상으로 리더의 변혁적 리더십과 유머사용이 부하 직원의 긍정심리자본 형성에 영향을 주고 나아가 혁신성향, 직무만족, 조직시민행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 실증연구를 진행하여 다음과 같이 유의수준 .001에서 유의한 의미 있는 결과와 시사점을 얻었다.
첫째, 리더의 변혁적리더십은 긍정심리자본에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 본 연구에서 리더의 유머사용이 긍정심리자본 형성에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 국내 선행연구(이동섭․최용득, 2010)와는 다른 결과를 얻었다. 셋째, 긍정심리자본은 혁신성향과 직무만족, 조직시민행동에 각각 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 넷째, 최적모형을 찾기 위한 대안모형의 탐색결과, 리더의 변혁적 리더십은 긍정심리자본을 통해서 뿐만 아니라 직접적으로도 직무만족과 조직시민행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 리더의 유머사용이 부하직원의 혁신성향, 직무만족, 조직시민행동에 직접적인 영향을 미치는지에 대한 결과는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 리더의 변혁적 리더십이 혁신성향에 대한 직접적 영향관계는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 긍정심리자본이 완전매개 역할을 한다는 것을 나타내는 것으로 정대용․박권홍(2010)의 기존 연구를 보완하는 결과로 기존연구에서 변혁적 리더십과 혁신성향 간에 밝혀지지 않았던 긍정심리자본의 매개역할을 발견한 것으로 본 연구에서의 기여라고 볼 수 있겠다.

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