대학생의 자원과 심리적 안녕감의 관계: 목표추구의 매개효과 = Mediating Effects of Goal Pursuit in the Relation Between Resources and Psychological Well-Being of College Students

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to test how goal pursuit mediates the relationship between resources and psychological well-being. The pursuit of goal is composed of two parts, which are the 'motive' and the 'goal,' corresponding to the reason to pursue goal and the contents of goal, respectively. More specifically, the motive is categorized as either an 'autonomous motive' or a 'controlled motive', and the goal as an 'intrinsic goal' or an 'extrinsic goal'. We collected data on 495 college students, both male and female from freshmen to senior, and tested our research hypothesis by using structural equation model. Out of the four possible combinations of motive and goal, only the combination of 'autonomous motive' and 'intrinsic goal' is found to mediate the relationship between resources and psychological wellbeing of students. The other combinations, namely 'autonomous motives' and 'extrinsic goals', 'controlled motives' and 'intrinsic goals', 'controlled motives' and 'extrinsic goals' do not show mediating effects.
The results of this study therefore underscore the importance of assiting in the selection of 'autonomous motive' and 'intrinsic goal' over merely supplying personal, social, or material resources for college students with a poor sense of psychological well-being, lending support to an important outlook in counselling or psychological treatment of such students.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 대학생의 자원이 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향에서 목표추구의 매개효과를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 목표추구는 목표를 추구하는 이유에 해당하는 ‘동기’와 추구하는 목표의 내용에 해당하는 ‘목표’로 구분하였고, 동기는 자율 동기와 통제 동기로, 목표는 내재 목표와 외재 목표로 구분하였다.남녀 대학생 1∼4학년 495명을 대상으로 자기보고식 지필검사를 실시하여 자료를 수집하였고, 구조방정식모형을 활용하여 연구가설을 검증하였다. 그 결과, 자율 동기와 내재 목표만이 자원과 심리적 안녕감의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 반면, 자율 동기와 외재 목표, 통제 동기와 내재 목표, 통제 동기와 외재 목표는 자원이 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 설명하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 심리적 안녕감이 저조한 대학생을 위한 상담 개입 및 심리치료에서 내적, 사회적, 물질적 자원을 제공하는 노력에 치중하기 보다는 자율 동기와 내재 목표의 선택을 위한 조력의 병행이 중요하다는 점을 시사한다.

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