학교교육에서 Snyder 희망이론의 적용 방안 연구 = The Study on the Application of Snyder’s Hope Theory in the School Context

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The study is to examine the application of Snyder’s hope theory in the school context. Snyder defined that hope theory is goal directed thinking that people have the objective which they want to accomplish and pathways to find various routes to accomplish their goals. With the definition of it, the researcher studied the application of hope on goal setting, hope pathway, and hope agency in the school context. At the goal setting for raising hope, teachers have to help students set up their goals after hope raising circumstance. In this step, teachers should consider making hopeful circumstance, making students have confidence, and helping them have concrete goals. Next step is to help students find their hope pathway. In this step, teachers should help students make their plans to achieve their goal, after goal setting is made. Teachers have to change students’ strategy with another one if they are confronted with obstacles when achieving the goal. So teachers should teach how to make various methods in achieving the goal. Last step is to increase students’ hope agency. In this step, teachers have to check and increase the hope motivation of students because without the motivation they cannot attain their goals.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 Snyder의 희망이론을 학교교육에 적용하는 방안을 연구하는 데 목적이 있다. 희망의 구성요소인 희망 목표, 희망 경로, 희망 주도에 따라 학교교육과 관련한 희망 이론의 적용 방안은 다음과 같다. 희망의 목표설정 단계에서는 학생들의 희망을 높이기 위한 학급 분위기를 조성하고, 여러 가지 목표 중에서 하나의 목표를 정하도록 도움을 주어야 한다. 추상적인 목표는 구체적인 목표로 바꾸어주고, 타인과의 비교가 아닌 내적인 목표를 정하도록 도와주는 것이 필요하다. 희망 주도를 높이기 위한 방법으로는 학생들이 희망에 대해서 부정적인 생각을 갖지 않도록 하고, 잘하는 영역은 칭찬해 주고, 문제를 해결하다가 어려움이 생겼을 때는 문제를 해결하도록 도와주어야 한다. 또한 목표도달 뿐만 아니라 과정도 소중하다는 것을 일깨워 주고 내적인 목표를 갖도록 하며 희망 에너지가 약해졌을 때에는 재충전을 하도록 도와주는 것이 필요하다. 희망 경로를 높이기 위한 방법으로는 학생들이 마음지도를 통해 목표에 도달하는 것을 계속 그려보도록 하고, 장기적인 목표는 여러 부분으로 나누어 실천하도록 하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 목표를 추구하다가 어려움을 겪으면 전략을 수정하도록 해야 한다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 최유희, "희망척도의 타당화 연구" 가톨릭대학교 2008

2 조한익, "초등학교 고학년용 희망척도의 개발과 타당화 연구" 한국교육심리학회 23 (23): 323-342, 2009

3 조한익, "사회적 지지와 학업성취도의 관계에서 희망의 매개효과 검증" 한국초등교육학회 22 (22): 65-87, 2009

4 조한익, "대학생의 희망과 학습시간이 학업성취도에 미치는 영향" 한국교육심리학회 21 (21): 349-365, 2007

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