지역사회중심 봉사활동 훈련이 지적장애학생의 자원봉사기술 수행에 미치는 효과 = An Effect of Community-based Volunteer Activities Program on Volunteering Skill of Students with Intellectual Disabilities

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

One out of scopes which students with intellectual disabilities should acquire importantly for adult social adaptation and integration in the future during the period of school age is volunteer activities. Such a volunteer activities makes students with intellectual disabilities keep more regular and valuable housing life in adulthood and proper social personal relations with co-workers in the field of employment after graduating a school. Therefore, volunteer activities of students with intellectual disabilities is emphasized importantly in the side of transition education. The purpose of the study was to apply community-based volunteer activities training with three students with intellectual disabilities and to examine an effect of the program on volunteering skill of students with intellectual disabilities. Volunteering skill which was the purposive behavior of the study was composed of one sub skill of ‘senile hair washing’ and used multiple baseline probe design across subjects for study design.
The study applied the teaching technique of community-based volunteer activities training in a form of integration package by being composed of multiple elements. In the program, task analysis, direct teaching, minimum promotion method, time delay method, visual clue, self check table, token reinforcement (behavior restriction), video modeling, role play (behavior demonstration) were included. And to the program of the study, community intervention and educational room intervention were applied by being combined with each other. The results of the study were as follows. All the subjects were acquired in the level of complete independent fulfillment (100%) in volunteering skill and the acquired skill was kept after intervention was completed. In addition, the program of the study had an effect on measuring generalization of the subjects. Such results were discussed in the side of community-based volunteer activities training for students with intellectual disabilities. It is expected that the results of the study will be utilized for data required to developing and practicing related life-based educational program in the field of special education.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

지적장애학생이 학령기 동안 미래 성인사회적응 및 통합을 위하여 중요하게 습득해야 할 영역들 중 하나는 봉사활동이다. 이러한 봉사활동은 지적장애학생이 학교 졸업 후 실제 성인기에 이르러 보다 규칙적이고 가치 있는 주거생활, 그리고 고용 현장에서 직장 동료들과 적절한 사회적인 대인관계 등을 유지할 수 있게 해준다. 따라서 지적장애학생의 봉사활동은 전환교육 측면에서 중요하게 강조되고 있다. 본 연구는 지적장애 중학생 세 명을 대상으로 지역사회중심 봉사활동 훈련을 적용하여, 이들의 노인요양기술 수행에 미치는 효과를 살펴보았다. 목표행동인 자원봉사기술은 노인 머리 감겨 주기 기술의 한 가지 하위기술로 구성되었으며, 연구 설계는 대상자간 중다 간헐 기초선 설계를 사용하였다.
본 연구에서 지역사회중심 봉사활동 훈련의 교수기법은 다중요소로 구성되어 통합 패키지의 형태로 적용되었는데, 과제분석, 직접교수, 최소촉진법, 시간 지연법, 시각적 단서, 자기 점검표, 토큰 강화(행동계약), 비디오 모델링, 역할놀이(행동시연) 등이 포함되었다. 그리고 본 연구의 프로그램은 지역사회중재와 교육실 중재를 상호 연합하여 적용되었다. 연구결과로써 대상학생들 모두 자원봉사기술이 완전한 독립 수행(100%)의 수준으로 습득된 것으로 나타났으며, 습득된 기술은 중재가 종료된 후에도 유지되었다. 또한 대상학생들에 대한 일반화의 측정에서도 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 지적장애학생을 위한 지역사회중심 봉사활동 훈련의 측면에서 논의되었으며, 특수교육현장에서 관련 생활중심 교육프로그램을 개발하고 실행하는데 필요한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

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