第2次 世界大戰 末期 日本의 朝鮮人 捕虜監視員 强制動員 = The Forced Mobilization of Korean POW Guards by Japan during the Last Stage of World War 2

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Japan had installed POW camps mobilized Koreans as POW guards by force in order to manage the allied force POW’s created during the World War II. The Korean POW guards had started being recruited from May, 1942, received military training at a temporary civilian training camp installed in Busan starting June 15th and placed to POW camps installed at Southeast Asia or Korea.
The Koreans who ‘applied’ as POW guards went through the screening process of a total of four stages including application and submission, screening test, send-off party(壯行會) and final screening of military. Application and submission, screening test and send-off party were led by local administrative agency under the jurisdiction of Japanese Government General of Korea while the military was directly in charge of the final screening. Koreans who were selected as POW guards entered a temporary civilian training camp in Busan to receive training for two months. While the temporary civilian training camp was mainly organized by reserved officers of Japanese forces including Noguchi Yuzuru(野口 讓), the Koreans received regular military training which is not the POW management guidelines and had to endure the brutality of Japanese military instructors and assistants.
The ‘recruiting’, training and camp placement of Koreans were enforced under strict management and control of the Japanese Government General of Korea and the Japanese forces stationed in Korea. Although it showed a form of ‘recruit’ and ‘application’ in the name only, the people were in fact actually mobilized to the invasion war by force.
This article has closely examined the mobilization process and organization structure of temporary civilian training camp that had been overlooked so far in the studies on forced mobilization of Korean POW guards to identify the situation on actual placement of Koreans. And through this, it has clarified the fact that the cause for Korean POW guards getting punished as war criminals after the end of war is due to the forced mobilization of Japan.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

日本は第2次世界大戦中に発生した連合軍の捕虜たちを管理するために捕虜収容所を設置して、この捕虜監視員として朝鮮人を強制動員した。朝鮮人の捕虜監視員は1942年5月から「募集」され、6月15日からは釜山に設置された臨時軍属教育隊で軍事訓練を受けた。その後8月の中旬からは東南アジアと朝鮮に設置された捕虜収容所に配置された。捕虜監視員に「支援」した朝鮮人は、申請および受付·選抜試験·壮行会·軍最終審査など全四段階の過程を経て選抜された。申請、受付と選抜試験、壮行会は朝鮮総督府の管轄の下、地域行政機関が主導し、最終段階の最終審査は軍が直接担当した。そして捕虜監視員に選抜された朝鮮人は釜山にある臨時軍属教育隊に入所して2月間の訓練を受けた。臨時軍属教育隊は野口譲をはじめとする朝鮮軍の予備役将校らが主軸として編成されており、朝鮮人は捕虜管理の要領ではなく一般軍事の訓練を受けさせられた上、訓練期間中は日本軍教官と助教たちによる苛酷な行為に耐えなければならなかった。朝鮮人の「募集」と訓練、そして収容所配置は全て当時の朝鮮総督府と朝鮮駐留日本軍による厳正な管理と統制の下に施行されていた。名目上「募集」と「支援」の形態を帯びていたが実際には侵略戦争に強制的に動員されていたものであった。この論文は日帝の朝鮮人捕虜監視員の強制動員研究に於いて今まで見過ごされてきた動員過程と、臨時軍属教育隊の組織構成を綿密にし、朝鮮人らの実際の配置状況を把握したものである。そしてこれらを通じて朝鮮人捕虜監視員が終戦後、戦犯者として処罰を受けなければならなかった原因が日本の強制動員によったものであったことを明確にした。

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