긍정정서와 자기결정성 요인이 삶의 의미에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Positive Affects and Self-Determination Factors on Meaning in Life

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Based on Fredrickson's (1998) broaden and build theory and Deci and Ryan's (1991) self-determination theory, this study examined the roles of positive affects and self-determination factors (autonomy, competence, & relatedness) in the experience of meaning in life. A total of 149 college students completed the research packet including measures of positive affects, self-determination, and meaning in life and all of these were measured twice at 5 weeks apart. Using correlational analysis and hierarchical multiple regression, hypothesis and the patterns of variables was confirmed. The results showed that initial positive affects, competence and relatedness, but not autonomy, improved meaning in life, and initial meaning in life predicted the increase in positive affects, autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which partially confirmed that positive affects, self-determination factors have a reciprocal relation with meaning in life. Further mediational analyses showed the upward spiral patterns of positive affects and meaning in life that reciprocally enhanced one another. Implications for clinical practice utilizing positive affects and limitations of the results were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 Fredrickson(2000)의 확장-축적 이론과 Deci와 Ryan(1991)의 자기결정성 이론에 근거하여, 긍정정서와 자기결정성 요인들(자율성, 유능성, 관계성)이 삶의 의미 수준을 높이는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 대학생 149명을 대상으로 5주 간격의 단기 종단 연구를 시행하여 긍정정서, 자기결정성 요인, 삶의 의미를 측정하였고, 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 가설을 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 긍정정서와 자기결정성 요인 중 유능성 및 관계성이 삶의 의미의 증가를 유의하게 예측하였으나, 자율성은 삶의 의미의 증가를 예측하지 못하였다. 또한 삶의 의미는 긍정정서와 자율성, 유능성, 관계성의 증가를 예측함으로써 긍정정서와 자기결정성 요인이 삶의 의미와 순환관계를 맺고 있음을 부분적으로 확인하였다. 끝으로, 긍정정서와 삶의 의미는 시간이 지남에 따라 상호 간의 증가를 매개하는 상승나선 패턴(upward-spiral)을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과를 통해 긍정정서를 활용한 상담 및 심리치료에 대한 시사점과 연구의 제한점을 논의하였다.

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