유아 우울 증후 선별 검사 도구에 대한 타당화 연구 = A Validation Study of a Screening Instrument for Identifying Preschool Children's Depressive Symptoms

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the study was to examine if a screening instrument, Preschool Feelings Checklist (PFC; Luby et. al., 2004), was a valid measure to identify Korean preschool children's depressive symptoms and to explore if the PFC originally developed for American children was a useful screening measure for Korean children. The PFC consists of 16 items describing externalizing and internalizing depressive symptoms. The participants were 100 children, who were 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds, at a preschool in S city. Parents of individual children completed the PFC from observations of their children's externalizing and internalizing behaviors in their daily lives. The Rasch analysis was utilized to investigate validity of the PFC. After applying the 1st Rasch analysis, dichotomous rating scale was replaced to a 4-point rating scale. After running the 2nd Rasch analysis, the results showed that the PFC was a valid screening measure to identify depressive symptoms for preschool children by indicating 52.6% of variance explained by the measure. This study suggests that it is important to identify preschool children with and at high risk of depressive symptoms by using a valid screening measure. From the early identification, educational programs may be developed for supporting healthy social and emotional development of these children.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 유아 우울증후 선별 검사를 위해 활용한 유아 감정 체크리스트 (Preschool Feelings Checklist; Luby et. al., 2004)가 타당한 도구인지를 밝히고 미국 유아들을 위해 개발된 유아 감정 체크리스트가 한국 유아들을 대상으로 하였을 때 그 유용성을 살펴보고자 함이다. 유아 감정 체크리스트는 외현적·내재적 우울 증후를 나타내는 16개의 문항들로 구성된다. 연구 대상은 S시에 소재한 한 유치원의 만 3, 4, 그리고 5세 유아들 100명이었다. 유아들의 부모들은 평상시 자녀들의 외현적·내재적 행동들에 대한 관찰을 통해 유아 감정 체크리스트를 작성하였다. Rasch 분석이 유아 감정 체크리스트의 타당도를 검사하기 위해 사용되었다. 1차 Rasch 분석을 통해 2점 평정척도에서 4점 평정척도로 수정하였고 2차 Rasch 분석을 통해 유아감정 체크리스트가 측정에 의해서 설명된 분산 값이 52.6%로 타당하다는 결과가 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 우울증후를 가진 유아들과 우울 증후를 가질 위험성이 높은 유아들을 타당한 유아 우울 증후 선별 검사 도구를 활용하여 조기에 발견함으로써 이 유아들의 건강한 사회적 및 정서적 발달을 돕기 위한 교육프로그램 개발의 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.

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