북한의 국제범죄 확산과 전망 = The Proliferation and Prospect of International Crime of North Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A review of a preceding research reveals the feature that distinguishes North Korea from the international criminal organizations such as Yakuza, Mafia, Triad is that North Korea is not an organization but a nation. Primarily, Office #39 is involved in the illicit activities of North Korea which has criminal sovereignty. And Macao has been a significant stage of operations. North Korea decreases the risk of exposure by using the connection with the international criminal organizations. Nowadays, the number of trading partners of North Korea is decreasing. The proportion of North Korea`s dependence on trade with China is too outstanding to be challenged. North Korea`s export, which only deals with minerals and has no ability to treat other kinds of goods, has a structure vulnerable to external shocks. Constant deterioration of North Korea`s economic condition makes it actively involved in all kinds of activities for earning foreign currencies, whether it is legal or not, such as sending workers abroad, running casinos, restaurant business in foreign country, operation related to narcotic. The outcome of analysing North Korea`s international crime reveals its features, including aggressive propulsion for illicit activity to earn foreign currencies following the change of the international environment, the increase of earnings by international crime, diversification of performer of international crime, connection with international crime groups, the increase of habitat for international crime, the increase of international crime by corruption, the rapid decrease of Kim Jong-un regime`s earning foreign currency, groping for creating profit by cyber attack. Accordingly, the prospect of North Korea`s international crime is as follows. First, international crime by North Korea will never disappear because it is a significant means for creating profit and earning foreign currencies. Second, North Korea`s international crime will expand beyond existing method and means to maintain Kim Jong-Eun`s regime. Third, restriction on North Korea will make its international crime more covert. Fourth, more diverse classes will be involved in international crime as performers. Fifth, the connection with international criminal groups will be more expanded, and the possibility of connection with domestic criminal organization or violent organization is expected. Sixth, passages for North Korea`s international crime will be concentrated in inner market and economic trade zone which is adjacent to the border. Seventh, North Korea`s international crime will be expanded by its corruption. Finally, North Korea`s international crime will include gambling through cyberspace.

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