언론의 현실해석과 객관화 담론전략 = 『조선일보』와 『한겨레』의 2004년 국가보안법 개폐논쟁 관련 해설기사를 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to explore the discourse strategies that the two Korean newspapers use to objectify their own - often contradictory - definitions of the issue concerning the National Security Act. This study begins with an as￢sumption that objectivity is the discourse strategy that newspapers use to enhance the validity of their own versions of reality. This is particularly the case for the two Korean newspapers under analysis; the conservative Chosun Ilbo and progressive Hankyoreh Shinmun. These newspapers played pivotal roles to articulate and disseminate the views of conservatives and progressives on the most controversial issue in the latter half of 2004 in Korean society, the repeal of the National Security Act. This study revealed four strategies that these two newspaper commonly utilized to objectify their interpretations of the issue. The first concerns the standardized format of news analysis. In the format of news analysis, the assertions related to the definition of situations or forecast on the unfolding of the is￢sue come first and are followed by relevant evidences. The second strategy concerns the passive voice descriptions that omit the subject. It is known that~, or It is said that~ are the cases in point. The third strategy is to use the quotation marks conveniently. That is, the newspapers quote same person in totally different context. The final strategy is the heavy and arbitrary use of experts. The two newspapers exclusively quoted their favorite experts, and used the word experts as if their own experts represent the views of the whole experts community. The arbitrary use and over-generalization of experts by these papers can be explained by the popular assumptions on the experts in Korean culture. First of all, the term expert implies that there is one truth out there, expert is those who are trained and, therefore, is in the better position to find the truth than ordinary people. The second connotation of the term 'expert' concerns the assumption that experts have same or similar opinions on particular issues. As revealed in this paper, however, it is common that experts have radically different views in terms of causes or appropriate remedies on social issues. But the two Korean newspapers utilize the popular assumptions on experts to enhance their own and partisan definitions of realities. Implications of the ideological use of experts for objectification have been discussed.

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