학교적응의 종단적 변화와 예측 변인 탐색 = The Exploratory Study of Longitudinal Changes and Variables Predicting School Adjustment

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This longitudinal study explored Korean students' school adjustment over five years from 4th grade elementary school years to 2nd middle school years. We used the Korean Youth Panel Study data (KYPS: elementary school 4th-grade cohort's through 5th year data) and analysed through growth curve models. Especially, we investigated longitudinal changes and predictive effect of the variables such as gender, parents' education, family income, mothers' employment status, students' self-esteem, parent-child relationship. The results were as follows: School adjustments were decreased, especially from 6th elementary school years to 1st middle school years. Mother's education, students' self-esteem, and parent-child relation were statistically significantly related to the intercept of school adjustment at the point of 4th elementary school period, and gender, mother's education, students' self esteem, and parent-child relation were statistically significantly related to the slope of school adjustment. Future directions of students' guidance psycho-educational interventions related to school adjustment were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교 4학년에서 중학교 2학년 시기까지 학교적응의 종단적 변화를 살펴보고 학교적응을 예측하는 변인들을 탐색적으로 검증하는 데 있다. 본 연구에서는 초등학교 4학년 청소년패널의 1차년도～5차년도까지 2844명의 자료를 사용하였으며, 잠재성장모형(Latent growth curve modeling)을 적용하여 자료를 분석하였으며 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초등학교 4학년부터 중학교 2학년 시기까지의 학교적응은 감소하는 양상을 나타냈으며, 자유모수변화 모형에 의해 감소의 폭이 다르게 나타나, 초등학교 6학년에서 중학교 1학년 시기가 가장 큰 폭으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학교적응의 변화를 예측하는 변인으로는 초기치에서 어머니의 교육수준, 청소년의 자기존중감과 부모자녀관계, 변화율에서 성별, 어머니의 교육수준, 자기존중감, 부모자녀관계로 나타났다. 이같은 결과를 토대로 학교 적응을 증진시킬 수 있는 청소년교육학적 개입 방안에 대한 시사점이 논의되었다.

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