상담자의 애착유형과 상담경험이 공감능력에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Counselor' Attachment Styles and Counseling Experiences on Empathic Ability

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 상담자의 애착유형과 경험수준이 상담자의 공감능력에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 밝히고자 하였다. 서울, 경기, 광주지역에서 상담 수련중이거나 상담심리사(1, 2급) 자격을 취득하고 상담사로 활동하고 있는 153명의 피검자들이 성인애착질문지, 정서적 공감 검사를 각각 평정하였다. 본 연구에서는 첫째, 상담자의 발달 수준에 따라 공감적 성향에 차이가 있는지, 둘째, 상담자의 애착유형이 공감능력에 미치는 영향을 상담수련경험이 중재하는지, 셋째, 상담자의 애착유형이 공감에 미치는 영향을 상담자의 발달 수준이 중재하는지를 확인하기 위하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 불안애착이 상담자의 정서적 공감에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 애착유형과 상담경험의 상호작용 효과는 유의하지 않았다. 또한 상담수련경험과 상담자 발달수준은 애착유형이 공감에 미치는 영향을 중재하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 상담자의 불안애착이 공감에 정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로, 상담자 교육 및 훈련과 수퍼비젼에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was to investigate how counselors' adult attachment styles and counseling experiences affect their empathic ability. The research participants were 153 counseling trainees and counselors. They were asked to rate the Experience in Close Relationship Scale and the Emotional Empathy Measure. The data were analyzed using a hierarchical regression analysis to see whether counselors' attachment styles and counseling experiences affect their empathic ability and also whether counseling experiences mediate the effects of attachment styles on empathic disposition. We found that counselor's anxiety attachment positively influenced their empathic disposition, but that other variables were not significant. The implications of the results were discussed in terms of counselor training and supervision.

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