한국목회상담과 결합적 자기 = Korean Pastoral Counseling and Conjunctive Self

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to help Korean clients who are conflicted and confused, thus experiencing a polarized self between family and individual. This paper states that Korean pastoral counseling can present a more desirable and appropriate self, so that Korean clients can overcome their polarized self. Up to now, Korean pastoral counseling has applied Western Psychotherapy when caring the Korean polarized self. But Western psychotherapy, which focuses on intrapsychic structure of the individual and aims at the individual self, has increased polarization by encouraging being independent from the family. Koreans are still conflicted and confused when choosing either family or individual. Thus, That is not the fundamental solution for the Korean polarized self. Although it is clear that Korean society has become more individualized, yet the value of family still very important among Koreans. Most Koreans are very family-oriented. The Korean family’s effect on forming a personal identity and its value system is unlike that of western societies. In this situation, the Korean polarized self has resulted from an unbalance between the individual self that a person pursues and the family oriented self that families demand and impose. The Korean polarized self is not psychological self, but anthropological self. Hence, the Korean polarized self cannot be resolved via the intrapsychic structure which western psychotherapy has focused on. So this paper suggests that becoming conjunctive self is the specific solution for the Korean polarized self, which is being pressured implicitly to choose either family or individual in the relational dynamics of family and individual. This strategic concept of the conjunctive self has supplied an important motive from conjunctive faith, which James Fowler presents five stages in his Faith Development Theory. Based on his conjunctive faith, which can be built as creative solution to conflicts between collective three stages and individual four stages, this paper states ideal self, which Korean clients can form as they seek a more desirable solution for the polarized self of family and individual: the conjunctive self. The conjunctive self is a concept that can put the family and individual together while rejecting the polarization tendency of either the family oriented self or individual self. This conjunctive self is not yet an empirical model, but rather an ideal-typical model that needs to be discussed its theoretical exploration and the actual possibility. The result of this paper presents the possibility that Korean pastoral counseling can provide a more appropriate care for Korean clients who are struggling with the polarized self. The polarized self can be healed and integrated by forming conjunctive self in the context of pastoral counseling.

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