농업해충과 위생해충에 대한 약용식물추출물류의 살충활성

김연국 전북대학교 대학원 2011 국내박사

Methanol and essential oil extracts of 9 medicinal plants were tested for insecticidal activities against the agricultural and medi- cal insects. The methanol extracts from bark of Cryptomeria ja- ponica, Ulmus davidiana and Kalopanacis pictus and flower+stem of Prunus mume and leaf of Taxus cuspidata and Hedera rhombea and whole body of Paris verticillata, and stem of H. rhombea showed insecticidal activities against Nilaparvata lugens adults, whereas only two kind of methanol extracts from whole body of Ixeris dentata and P. verticillata showed insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella larvae. Against Spodoptera exigua, the methanol extracts from bark of C. japonica, U. davidiana and flower+stem of flower+stem and leaf of H. rhombea and whole body of I. dentata and P. verticillata, against Plodia interpunctella those from the stem of C. japonica and bark of U. davidiana, against Culex pipiens adults those from stem of H. rhombea and leaf of P. coreana, against Culex pipiens larvae those from fruit of H. rhombea, fruit and flower+stem of P. mume, against Aedes albopictus adults those from leaf of C. japonica, H. rhombea, T. cuspidata, P. coreana and stem of C. japonica, U. davidiana, T. cuspidata and fruit of H. rhombea, P. mume and flower+stem of P. mume, and against Aedes albopictus larvae those from stem and fruit of H. rhombea appeared to have insecticidal activities. The selected methanol extracts showed high insecticidal activities along with the con- centrations increased. For the reveal the activities in both of methanol and essential oil extracts against the insects tested, the values of LC50 were calculated. The value of LC50 of the methanol extracts from bark of K. pictus was 1.23g/L against N. lugens and the essential oil extracts from whole body of P. verticillata was 0.13g/L against N. lugens, which was the highest activities among the agricultural insects applied. For the medical insects, those of methanol extracts from fruit of H. rhombea, fruit and flower+stem of P. mume against Cx. pipiens pallens larvae were 0.11g/L, 0.15g/L, and 0.27g/L, respectively. On the other hand, the pupation and adult emergence of Musca domestica larvae were significantly affected by methanol and essential oil extracts from fruit of P. mume. Strong antifeeding activities were shown against Plutella xylostella by the essential oil extracts from whole body of P. verticillata and against Spodoptera exigua by the essential oil extracts from whole body of l. dentata. The antifeeding activity of essential oil extracts from whole body of I. dentata. and P. verticillata was higher than the methanol extracts from them.

본태성 진전에 대한 한방치료의 효과

강아름 경희대학교 대학원 2016 국내석사

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine clinical characteristics of Essential tremor patients who visited Korean Medicine Hospital and to assess the effectiveness of Korean medical treatment on Essential tremor(ET). Methods 69 essential tremor patients' information was extracted from the database of Kyung Hee University Hospital of Korean Medicine from January 2010 to August 2015. And clinical features of patients including age, gender, onset, region and duration of symptoms, medication, family history of ET were evaluated. The outcome of ET was categorized as Supremely Efficacious(over 70% of symptoms disappeared), More Efficacious(30%-70% of symptoms partially disappeared), Efficacious(under 30% of symptoms disappeared), Non-Effective(symptoms did not improve) and Aggravating(symptoms escalated) on the basis of clinical data. Results The mean age was 57.8 and 75.4% of patients had female sex. The mean duration of ET was 90.5 months. 21 patients had family history of ET and 7 patients took additional western drugs. Among the 69 patients who were treated with Korean traditional medicines, 48 patients (69.6%) demonstrated the improvement of ET. Frequently used formulas were Ukgansangami, Cheungeumjoweetanggami, Boshimgeonbitang and Cheonghyulgangkitang. Among them, the most effective Korean medicine on ET was Ukgansangami. There were 3 individual cases with adverse effects, Which were pruritus, edema and gastrointestinal problems such as stomachache and diarrhea. Conclusion This study suggested that Korean traditional medicine have effectiveness on ET. Further prospective study is needed to confirm the results.

Impacts of an Essential Oil Topical Application Method on the Bioenergetics of Human Subjects with Chronic Pain

Ward, Janina L ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Saybrook Universit 2020 해외박사(DDOD)

The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of essential oils with chronic pain sufferers using the Aromatouch® topical essential oil application method. Both aromatherapy and energy medicine modalities show evidence of easing chronic pain. Chronic pain affects the health and wellness of millions of individuals and has a huge financial impact.In this quasi-experimental study, I drew a non-randomized, controlled convenience sample of 15 human subjects from a population of chronic pain sufferers. The sample was divided into two groups. Both groups received the same two interventions in reverse order. Intervention 1 was the Aromatouch® method referred to as EOT (Essential Oil Touch). Intervention 2 was the touch only method (TWC) identical to EOT except only a carrier oil was used. I used a Bio-Well gas discharge visualization device along with Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Numerical Rating Scale (NPRS) (2018, August 30), and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to collect pre-intervention and post-intervention data.The results from the PANAS indicated that both the EOT and TWC methods reduced feelings of negative mood but only the EOT method increased positive moods. EOT negative moods measured with PANAS was p = .001, positive PANAS p = .033. TWC negative PANAS was p = .001, Positive PANAS for TWC was p = .704 Both the EOT and TWC significantly reduced pain perception. EOT NPRS was p = .001, NPRS for TWC was p = .002 STAI measures showed no statistical significance in measures of state anxiety. Bio-Well measures were statistically significant for only the TWC at p = .019 and increase from pre TWC level of .039 on the parameter of nervous system energy. However, although all Bio-Well measures showed mixed results changes, only one measure, the nervous system energy, showed statistical significance.This study provides promising evidence for the field of alternative medicine for both the ability of topical essential oil application and touch therapies to elicit changes in the biofield and to improve moods for chronic pain sufferers. Future research using a larger sample size and a general population would be useful to further determine how the biofield is affected by both essential oils and touch therapies.

(A)Study on the compulsory licensing and parallel import of pharmaceuticals under the WTO TRIPS : focusing on the anti-retroviral medicines

최혜진 서울大學校 國際大學院 2005 국내석사

Nutritional Status and Inflammation in Infants and Young Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Chin, Lyanne H ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common autosomal recessive genetic conditions in the Caucasian population. CF is a life-threatening disease and involves multiple organ systems. CF is caused by a mutation in the gene that encodes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein and dysregulation of CFTR results in the formation of a thick mucus layer in the lungs, intestines, and pancreatic ducts that lead to nutritional deficiencies and poor lung outcomes. The objectives of this dissertation are to examine the nutritional status, mainly vitamin D and essential fatty acid (EFA) status, and the relationship with inflammation in a multicenter, prospective, longitudinal, observational trial (FIRST study) in infants and young children with CF in the first 2 years of life. Our study evaluated the effectiveness of current recommended vitamin D supplementation doses in achieving optimal vitamin D status, i.e. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] ≥30 ng/mL and found that they are effective in the majority of our cohort, leading to a significantly lower prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in our cohort compared to otherwise healthy children. We have also reported a high prevalence of EFA abnormalities in our cohort (31% at 4 months, 35% at 12 months, and 48% at 24 months) in the absence of symptoms of EFA deficiency, prompting the need to monitor EFA routinely in practice. Our study also showed inverse relationships between pro-inflammatory markers and n-6 fatty acids (linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) which is suggestive that a higher linoleic acid intake may ameliorate EFA abnormalities in CF. To explain variation in vitamin D responses in our cohort, we are recruiting for a whole genome sequencing sub-study and will investigate the variants associated with low 25(OH)D and determine how much these variants contribute to the variation in responses that was observed. Future research on EFA supplementation is warranted to further understand the mechanism of fatty acid metabolism in CF and its association with inflammation. In summary, these data demonstrated that current guidelines for management of vitamin D status is effective and pushes for the need to monitor EFA status routinely in clinical practice.

우리나라 국외단기보건의료활동에서 약사의 역할분석 및 개선방안 연구 : 비교제도론적 분석을 중심으로

조상은 연세대학교 보건대학원 2014 국내석사

우리나라는 비약적인 경제 개발과 더불어 개발도상국이나 재난 현장에 인도주의적 보건의료활동을 지원하는 정부기관과 민간의료단체의 정기적인 국외단기보건의료활동이 급증하고 있다. 국외단기보건의료활동에서 필수적인 의약품의 선정, 보관, 관리를 전문적으로 지원할 수 있는 약사의 역할과 약제서비스는 필수 불가결한 요소이다. 이제는 우리나라 국외단기보건의료 활동 중 시행되는 의약품의 분배와 소규모 의약품 기증이 세계보건기구 (WHO)의 의약품 기증에 대한 가이드라인에 따라 국제기준에 적합한 의약품 지원이 이루어지도록 신중히 점검해 볼 시점이다. 본 연구는 국제기준의 국외단기보건의료활동에서 약사가 제공할 수 있는 약제서비스를 정리하고, 우리나라 국외단기보건의료활동에서의 문제점을 도출하고 분석하여, 국제기준에 적합한 표준화된 의약품 지원체계와 약제 서비스에 대한 개선방안을 제안하고자 한다.국제기준의 국외단기보건의료활동에서 약사의 역할과 약제서비스를 문헌 고찰을 통하여 정리한 후, 우리나라 국외단기보건의료활동에서 약사의 역할과 약제서비스를 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 통해 비교제도론적으로 분석하였다. 국외단기보건의료활동에서 약사는 의약품의 선정, 보관, 조제, 대체 의약품 제안, 약물정보제공, 복약상담, 약국의 배치와 조제업무 일련의 과정을 체계적으로 관리하고 있다. 또한, 약사의 중재로 처방, 조제, 투약의 오류와 환자의 약물 오남용을 방지할 수 있다. 약사의 전문성을 갖춘 국외단기보건 의료 활동은 지역 주민들에게 다음과 같은 약제서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 첫째, 준비단계에서의 의약품 선정은 충분한 사전조사를 통하여 대상 국가가 허용하고, WHO가 제시하는 필수의약품으로 선정해야 한다. 장기간 복용해야 하는 비감염성 질환에 대한 의약품은 현지에서 구입하는 방법을 고려한다. 둘째, 현지활동단계에서 약국은 환자의 진료 동선의 마지막 순서에 위치 하고, 조제, 포장, 검수, 투약, 복약상담 순으로 배치한다. 의약품의 조제는 투약용 지퍼백이나 투약병을 사용하고, 표준화된 라벨을 부착한다. 복약지도 는 현지인 통역을 통해 지역 주민들이 복용법을 이해할 수 있도록 한다. 약사는 일반적인 의약품 선정, 조제, 투약, 복약지도와 같은 약제서비스뿐 만 아니라, 긴급재난구호활동, 감염성 질환의 예방과 관리, 여성생식보건관리, 정신건강관리, 비감염성 질환의 예방과 관리에 적극적으로 참여함으로써 지역 주민들의 보건의료를 위한 약료서비스를 제공할 수 있다.셋째, 마무리단계에서 현지 의료기관에 소량의 의약품을 기증할지라도, WHO 의약품 기증에 대한 가이드라인에 따라, 필수의약품으로 표준화된 라벨을 부착하여 기증한다. 모든 의약품은 유효기간이 1년 이상이어야 하고, 환자 에게 투약 후 반환되었거나, 무료 샘플의약품은 기증하지 않는 것을 원칙으로 한다. 불필요한 의약품의 안전한 폐기를 위해 WHO의 가이드라인에 따른다.끝으로 지속적인 보건의료서비스가 이루어질 수 있도록 국외단기보건의료 활동에서 현지 의료인들에게 전문의료기술을 전수하고, 지역 주민들에게 질병을 예방하고 관리할 수 있도록 보건 교육을 시행하여, 지역 보건을 스스로 책임질 수 있게 해 주어야 한다