(A) comparative study on greenbelt policy implementation : London, Seoul, and Beijing

Yu, Leilei Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2013 국내석사

Urban sprawl has become one of greatest concerns in the field of urban management in many metropolises. It may lead to various problems which go opposite to the sustainable development of environment and human society. A greenbelt has positive effects on stopping urban sprawl. It plays the role of preventing excessive expansion of urban areas, improving environmental quality, and providing more open space for residents, and so on. Beijing has encountered the problem of urban sprawl due to the over speed development in recent decades, without much attention to the overall planning. In 1994, Beijing developed the planning on greenbelt policy and began its implementation; it’s when this policy was formally put on the stage of urban planning. However, after nearly a decade of concentrated efforts by all levels of governments from the city to districts and counties, the result of implementing the first greenbelt which locates between central areas and borderline groups has large deviations from the target. Though the result is not satisfying, the second greenbelt construction has been set forth since 2003. UK is among the earliest countries to implement the greenbelt policy and has achieved a great success. In Asian countries, South Korea is typical on the implementation of the same policy since 1970s. Compared with the construction of greenbelt in London and Seoul, Beijing has unveiled some problems in the implementation of greenbelt policy. The thesis aims to research on the factors affecting the implementation process and draw some implications from the perspective of comparison for further implementation in Beijing’ greenbelt.

Analyzing housing policy in Dhaka : exploring ways from housing policy in Seoul to tackle the housing problem in Dhaka

Azad, Abul Kalam Mohammed Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2011 국내석사

ABSTRACT Urbanization in Bangladesh has progressed very rapidly and today more than 25 percent of the total population of the country lives in urban areas. Simultaneously, country’s capital Dhaka city now contains 40 percent of the national urban population. With an estimated population of about 13 million, Dhaka now suffers from severe backlog of housing provisions, particularly for middle and low income population. But in such a situation there is no separate housing policy in Dhaka. In 1993, the Government of Bangladesh approved a National Housing Policy for whole of the country which was updated in 1999 and once again in 2004. The Policy describes the role of the government in the housing sector as that of a “facilitator” or “enabler” rather than as a “provider.” On the other hand in Korea, housing policies have been mainly supply-oriented to solve housing shortage problems. Among the variety of arrangements in solving the housing problem in Dhaka, Why does State not capable to ensure Housing for all? What are the most significant stumbling blocks to implement the housing development policy? This dissertation has proposed an outline of some measures, particularly phase wise comprehensive housing development program, explored from the housing policies practices in Seoul to solve the massive housing needs in Dhaka.

Cultural policy in the era of globalisation : international marriages in Poland and South Korea

Grzeszczuk, Justyna Anna Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2013 국내석사

Current processes of globalization and growing multiculturalism, as well as social, political and economic changes are causing a growing need for comprehensive governmental policies towards immigrants. In Poland and South Korea, both homogeneous countries, the influx of people from other regions of the world is a major challenge and has become an important aspect of public policy. This thesis aims to examine the development and functioning of cultural policy in both countries, understood as a combination of all activities related to the presence of people of other races and cultures, with particular focus on international marriages which are becoming a vital aspect of societal development. By analyzing the scale, nature and origin of the phenomenon of international marriages, their main problems and factors affecting the integration of new citizens in Poland and Korea, as well as primarily the policies introduced by governments towards this particular group, this thesis intends to identify the main areas which require intervention. Foreign spouses and their families in Poland and South Korea face many problems and barriers, including being exposed to discrimination and acts of intolerance by various parts of society. These problems are particularly acute in Korea, in which the number of culturally mixed marriages has recently increased, causing a sudden change in the landscape of society, strongly related to the idea of mono-ethnicity. In both countries it is necessary to revise the direction of cultural policy, with emphasis on coordination of activities at different levels of government, collaboration between private and public sectors and different types of actions aiming to integrate newcomers and support the principle of cultural diversity in society.

Developing a legal and regulatory framework for urban renewal : the case of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Demberel, Bayalagtsengel Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2013 국내석사

The renewal of capital city is an ongoing national challenge. Concept of urban redevelopment for Ulaanbaatar in following three directions namely: Urban renewal in Apartment Areas-Demolishing old buildings that does not meet operational requirements and build another new one, Replanning land of construction section and public area of city and Urban renewal in Ger areas - Organizing ger district land renewal and vacating land for construction. This study investigated how to regulate the redevelopment process of Ulaanbaatar city in appropriate way based on sustainable approach. A combined quantitative and qualitative research approach was used in this study. The study defined issues and difficulties of urban redevelopment by way of case studies one of demolishing, replanning and newly constructing buildings for old buildings that does not meet operational requirement and one of ger district housing projects with analysis related laws and regulation. The analysis revealed the most of difficulties are related insufficient regulation. A comparison between legal base of redevelopment with Seoul and Ulaanbaatar has been done in order to identify the differences in transition towards a sustainable development. It is expected that the study will help to deal with existing issues and problems related with urban redevelopment in Ulaanbaatar city.

Citizen participation in public administration : an analysis of efficiency of three popular councils in Sao Paulo city, Brazil

Brito, Eder Dos Santos Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2012 국내석사

The thesis created the PPEI – Popular Participation Efficiency Index - in order to analyze three Popular Councils in Sao Paulo´s City Hall Structure: Popular Council for Housing, Popular Council for Tourism and Popular Council for Environment and Sustainable Development. The index analyzed three dimensions of citizen´s participation in public administration: popular representativeness, popular participation outputs and political independence. Together with an theoretical framework that reunite concepts of democracy, citizenship, history and concepts of popular participation in the Government, the analysis presents good findings about popular representativeness, but unsatisfied levels of political independence and popular participation outputs. The thesis is also presenting four cases of different approaches in citizen´s participation, in different parts of the World, in order to create good examples and policy recommendations for Sao Paulo´s future decisions about citizen´s involvement in the Public Administration decision-making processes.

Urban bus transportation : the case of addis Ababa, Ethiopia on the experiences of Seoul, Korea

Zeidaga, Tesfaye Gebre Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2013 국내석사

One of the indicators of the development of one city is the availability of well developed; efficient, convenient and affordable urban transport system. Cities, among urban facilities those make more livable, transportation development is crucial. Urban transport system in Addis Ababa or other Ethiopian cities is the main problem. There is no rail way transit service yet the project is under construction and thus public transport in Addis Ababa only refers to bus and taxi services. In Addis Ababa car ownership among residents is very low, unlike other cities in the country; bicycle use is insignificant due to the hilly terrain. In Addis Ababa urban bus transportation provide by Anbessa City Bus Service Company. It is the largest formal public bus transport company operating in Addis Ababa. This urban bus transport system is characterized by low accessibility, poor bus information system, less safety, and lack of facilities both; at terminals and at bus stops along the routes. Because of low bus services frequency, there is long waiting time and poor punctuality. Seoul is the capital city of Korea. Here public transportation is not a problem with different mode of mass transportation system. The public transportation in Seoul is excellent and will take you to almost any place you need to go whether it's by taxi, bus, or subway. The public transportation in Seoul is excellent and is very inexpensive, convenient and easy to use. Bus transport has very good features after reform. So we can get many lessons from the experiences of Seoul’s bus service. This study aims to identify the main problems and challenges of urban bus transportation in Addis Ababa and to indicate alternative solutions based on the experiences of Seoul’s bus services. A combined quantitative and qualitative research approach was used in this study.

(A) comparative study of social rental housing policy : Korea & Taiwan

Shih, Chih-chung Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2013 국내석사

Housing is a basic human need without doubt. For a long time, however, the Taiwanese housing policies prefer the middle class and ignore the disadvantaged with a 0.09 percent social rental housing of total housing stock. In contrast, the South Korea government has reached 6.3 percent in 2011 and planned to increase to 12 percent by 2018. In order to implement social rental housing policy to remedy the illness of housing market in Taiwan and to facilitate social equality through the Korean experience, this research collected second-hand data, conducted an interview with the Seoul Metropolitan officials to achieve first hand interpretation, and finally perform a comparative analysis between Korea and Taiwan in terms of housing stock and target, policy duration, party atmosphere, recipient priority, comprehensive housing policy, authority, foundation of public housing corporations, ways of supply, and recognition of NIMBY effect. Consequently, six initiatives in six elements are proposed to carry out the policy based on the policy comparison between the two countries, including determination, institutions, legislation, funds, data, and adaptability. The main conclusions to draw from this study are that implementing social housing policy well sure is a good benefit for those who’re unable to afford a decent environment in a decent house. However, this should be the government’s job adopting purposive strategies to reduce social inequality and to increase social inclusion. Keywords: social (rental) housing, public (rental) housing, housing policy, comparative analysis, Korea, Taiwan

Slum housing in Colombo, Sri Lanka : causes and policy responses

Abeysooriya, Chamalee Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2012 국내석사

Colombo, the largest city in Sri Lanka, faces a big problem with slum housing. The urban system fails to provide the basic network of services and opportunities to the vast majority of the urban poor. Overcrowding in existing slum houses has worsened much of the problems. According to information released by the Ministry of Construction in the Performance Plan, 2011 report 54% of the Colombo city population lives in huts, slums or unauthorized structures and shelters which are designated as unsuitable for humans; this figure clearly shows the severity of the problem. The slums housing problem emerged mainly after the achievement of independence from British colonial rule in the 1950s. At present this problem creates various other social issues and attracts significant political attention. All the governments since independence have attempted to solve this problem by implementing various projects and strategies. However this problem is still not solved and remains a burden to the government. Public Private Partnership (PPP) is considered the best alternative solution, as many existing policies have suffered from scarcity of government funds to implement suitable solutions. Therefore in my thesis, I am researching the potential for implementing public private partnerships to solve the above problem within the Sri Lanka context. Further, the practical implication of applying PPP to this problem is studied, and counter-strategies to address these implications are identified. As research methodology I gathered primary and secondary data. Ten key people (see table 1) who are engaged in decision making on housing will be interviewed as primary data to ascertain the effectiveness of past housing scheme and introduction of PPP as a solution. In addition, sixty two slum house unit holders are interviewed to evaluate the effectiveness of past programs. Secondary data will also be collected to determine whether previous program implemented by the Government in the past were successful.

(A) comperative study on e-government policy of Bangladesh and Korea

Chowdhury, Mohammed Jabed Iqbal Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2011 국내석사

Abstract Korea is one of the leading country of well establish e-Government. On the other hand Bangladesh is trying to establish e-Government, but there are so many challenges. To overcome these challenges it should follow Korean experience. In this study, it is analyzed two countries e-Government policy related issues and find out some solutions from Korean e-Government success.

(The) study of public housing policy In Jakarta urban city

Natalina, Fransiska Graduate School of Policy Studies, Korea Universit 2012 국내석사

Housing is the most important thing for the quality of human life. All the elements are very concerned on housing. Either national or local scale, housing becomes a prominent issue. For a major city, housing always draws much attention from public since it is related to the influx of population from outside. Public Housing is considered to be one of the most serious problem in Jakarta due to the rapid population growth and the need to constantly replace temporary housing in city slums. Local government has addressed this problem with programs under public housing policy. Nowadays, with almost 12 million people population of Jakarta urban city at night, the local government needs to provide a decent place to stay for its citizen. There was a general agreement that there was a need for high level of housing production, in order to eliminate insufficient, to remove the houses on slums area and to provide for the rapidly growing number of households in Jakarta urban city, therefore to manage this urban problems need government inteventions through policy and regulation.