Warm River: Lyrical Imagery 小考

朴善夫 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

- A Formalistic Approach to Poetic Imagery & Lyricism in Erskine Caldwell's Warm River - The detail of the pattern is movement As in the figure of the ten stairs. Desire itself is a movement Not in itself desirable; Love itself is unmoving, Only the cause and end of movement, Timeless, and undesiring Except in the aspect of time Caught in the form of limitation Between being and unbeing. (Burnt Norton by T.S. Eliot) Erskine Caldwell's short story Warm River is romantic, sentimental and somewhat melodramatic but it is much more than that. It is an assemblage of a variety of images and a panorama of scenes successfully combined to make the plot and atmosphere of the story. Two young lovers meeting at the suspending footbridge, calm cool mountain valleys far from bustling urban life, and the father's recollection of his past love suggest that "Warm River" abounds in poetic imagery and lyricism. The language is frankly poetic as the following examples indicate: an express train crashing down the valleys creaking and screaming through the night, its lights flashing through the openings in the darkness, dancing in the broad, green river like polar lights and the metallic echo of its steel rumbling against the high walls of the mountains. The poetic images of "Warm River" are found throughout the whole work. The river's sounds can be heard at times through such mimetic dictions as tremble, mingle, scrub, stiff, stumble, glisten, squeeze and twinkle, and at times through such onomatopoeic words as creek, cling, crunch, hammer, scream, crash, clasp, echo and clench. Thus through the visual vocabulary and the aural the thematic imagery is emotionally heightened and sensitized. The image of the "Warm River" gushes between these twocontradicting psychological flanks--- Richard's emotional egoism seeking to satisfy his desire and the mountaineer's reminiscent conservatism dwelling on the old memories he is unable to forget. The contrast of these two opposites in the plot molds the story so that the denoument increases the emotional mood. Dividing the world of the short story into two, the "Warm River" proceeds between the impulsive urban life and the tidy mountain life. It flows at once between two minds of Gretchen and Richard, and between that dark night bank and this peaceful bank along the dawning river. It runs around the one curve of the bank where the fathes's life is as neat as the dawning dale air and his memorial love as tidy as the vale rivulet are undulating in the cool mountain air. On the other, there was the whirling of the anguish and remorse the youth went through. The Warm River divides two worlds based on the contrast of the mountain dale and coast city, Gretchen and Richard, night and dawn, love and desire and memorial past and actual reality. "Warm River" is a short that was powerful for poetic language and imagery to put across its message.

Change of Variables in a Multiple Integrals

Kim, Tae-Dong 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

古代의 空間

車在哲 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

韓國國立劇場硏究 - 劇場史 1

柳敏榮 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

Acetone-Ethanol 系의 等溫氣液平衡

林鎭男,권이열 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

氣液平衡値는 物質傳達裝置의 設計 Data로서 利用度가 높아, 많은 硏究가 이루어져 왔는데 最近에는 過去의 實驗面과는 달리 可能한 한 純成分의 物性値와 最小한의 實驗 Data로 부터 氣液平衡値을 얻고자 하는 關心下에 溶液의 理論的 Model에서 出發하는 氣液平衡 關係式이 提示되어 왔다. 1964年 Local volume fraction을 도입한 Wilson 式이 提示되었고 이 式을 확장하여 Immiscible solution에서도 適用이 可能한 NRTL式이 提示되었다. 이 系統의 式들을 해석하기 위해 Total pressure method에 의한 等溫氣液平衡値가 많이 要求되었다. 이러한 必要性과 아울러 Total pressure method는 종래의 Equilibrum still을 使用하는 경우보다 實驗이 간편하고 誤差介入의 要因이 가장 큰 氣相의 分析이 必要치 않다는 長點이 있어, Total pressure method에 의한 等溫氣液平衡에 대한 硏究가 最近 많이 이루워지고 있다. 특히 Total pressure method에서 氣相의 組成을 求하는 問題는 計算에 使用된 氣液平衡關係式, Objective function, Optimization techniqre等에 따라 그 正確性이 크게 달라진다고 指摘되고 있다. 本 硏究에서는 Total pressure 측정치를 Gibbs-Duhem 式에서 유도된 "Coexistence equation"에서 數値解法을 通해 計算하고 이 結果를 Wilson式, Redlich-Kister式에서 Nonlinear regression method, Barken's method로써 얻어진 結果와 比較함으로써 氣液平衡關係式과 計算方法이 氣相의 組成 예측에 미치는 影響을 檢討하고자 하였다. 實驗을 위하여 Smith-Menzies의 Isoteniscope을 개량하여 全壓測定用 Isoteniscope을 제작하고, 二成分系 Acetone-Ethanol 系에 대하여 15℃, 25℃, 35℃, 45℃, 55℃에서 液相의 組成을 變化시키면서 Total pressure를 측정하였다. 本 硏究에서 數値해법을 通해 얻어진 結果는 Wilson式과 Redlich-Kister式에서 얻어진 結果와 근소한 차이로 잘 一致하였다. Wilson式과 Redlich-Kister式의 경우 計算과정이 복잡하고 특히 Wilson式의 경우 초기치 設定에 따라 Parameter의 값이 多枝性을 띈 點을 勘案하여 보면 計算方法이 비교적 간편한 本硏究에서 시도한 方法이 더 有用함을 알 수 있었다. Since the equilibrium data of the vapor-liquid system are very useful to the design of the mass-transfer equipments particularly in the chemical process engineering, many efforts have been made to measure the vapor-liquid equilibria of many binary solutions. Recently several theoretical models have been proposed to deduce these data from the least laboratory works. In 1914, Wilson presented the method of local volume fraction. Few years later, this Wilson equation was extended to the method of NRTL which could be applicable even to the immiscible solution. In connection with the above mentioned formulas, the total presure measurements has become necessary to interpret the insight into the equilibrium nature of the binary vapor liquid system. The total pressure method is far better than the conventional equilibrium-still method, because the former has simple operations and more accuracy. That is why the total pressure method is nowadays widely adopted in measuring the equilibrium data. However, the accuracy of the equilibrium data by this method is appreciably subject to change according to the used formulas, objective functions and obtimization techniques. In this paper, the molefractions in vapor-liquid phase were obtained by the coexistence equation which was derived by Van Ness from the Gibb,s-Duhem equation. In order to see how much the used methods and equations affect the equilibrium data of vapor-liquid system, these values were compared with those values which were calculated by the Wilson equation and Redlich-Kister equation by using the non-linear regression method and the Barker's method, respectively. The modified Smith-Menzies isoteniscope was used to measure the total pressures at 15, 25, 35, and 45℃ for various compositions of the binary aceton-ethanol system. According to the result obtained, the two methods were in good agreement. However, as far as the numerical computations are concerned, the coexistence equation is far simpler than the Wilson equation and Redlich-Kister equation which have some difficulties in giving the initial condition.

Luise Rinser als <die Katholische Schriftstellerin>

洪京鎬 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

Kein Wunder, daβ die besten Romane Luise Rinsers in fast alle Weltrprachen ubersetzt wurden. Sie hat auch in Korea sehr viele Leser. Schon habe ich die meisten Werke von ihr ins Koreanische ubesetzt. Und wir hatten ihre gesammelte Werke lesen konnen, anlaβlich ihres Besuches im letzten Herbst. Als Ubersetzer ihrer Werke glaube ich, es sei meine Aufgabe, unsren Lesern ihre Werke richtig zu interpretieren. Die Schriflstellerin, Luise Rinser, steht in eher andern Zeit als die Pascals, namlich in dem Industrie-Zeitalter. Verdoppelter Zwiespalt also, der uns allen zuzuordnen ist. Daher doppelte Bezuge anch unserer Note in Werke Luise Rinsers. Aber Hoffnung ist in Gott gegrundet fur sie, im christlichen Gott, in der Liebes-Wirklichkeit des inkarnierten Gott. Daher ist das Grundthema ihres gesammten Werkes nicht nur eine Dialektik von Elend und Groβe, sondern eine neue spannungsvolle Polaritat von Verzweifelung and Zuversicht. In andern Landern liest man ihre Werke gern, weil das Grundthema anf die Menschlichkeit beruht und die Struktur ihrer Romane sehr klar ist. Oberflachliche Kritiker haben Luise Rinser oft das Etikett einer <Katholischen Schriftstellerin> anfgeklebt. Andere versuchen es mit der Aufschrift <Frauenschriftstellerin>. Aber es ist keine richtige Interpretation, denn sie will, daβ die Kirche sich immer andere. Zweifellos will das Werk Luise Rinsers dem Menschen dienen, will ihm helfen heil zu werden. Aber die Dichterin hat bei ihrer Arbeit solche Absicht nicht. Solche werke entstehen nicht aus einer erbaulichen oder padagogischen Absicht beraus.

Robert Browning의 monologue 分類에 대한 考察 : 1868年의 分類를 中心으로

趙南章 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

Robert Biowning's deliberate re-arrangement of three groups-dramatic Lyrics, Dramatic Romances, and Men and Women-could result only from a mature consideration of the elements in the poems sufficiently conspicuous to provide him with principles by which he could differentiate among three distinct groups. Although the poems of these three groups are all basically dramatic, the radical changes in the grouping of the poems indicace that Browning did not consider all of his shorter poems up to 1855 as belonging to the same form. His principles of classification may not be immediately obvious, but a thorugh examination of the poems reveals certain marked similarities and differences among the three groups of 1868. The most obvious difference among the three groups is in the length of the poems. Besides such extrinsic differences as a length, there are intrinsic differences by which the three groups are distinguished. The three groups of poems are differentiated by the emphasis of the speech within the dramatic frame. Dramatic Lyrics contain allusions to experiences and attitudes which could possibly cause the dramatic speaker to be compared with Browning. A greater distance is maintained between the speaker and the poet in Dramatic Romances. Men and women contains no references which could justify an attempt to associaet even remotely the dramatic speaker with the poet and is the most objective of the three groups, giving evidence of completely detached performance on the part of the poet. Dramatic Lyrics is the least objective group, and the three groups-Dramatic Lyrics, Dramatic Romances, and Men and Women-are arranged in order of increasing objectivity. In the redistribution of 1868 the deliberate classification of these monologues according to the formal elements present in them and in order of increasing objectivity reflects Browning's technique of combining some other form with the dramatic to produce the type of monologue which he employed in the most of his subsquent works.

사람 적혈구 막에 있어서 Carnitine acyltransferase 효소에 관한 연구

박중근,김응렬,조기승 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

사람 적혈구막에서 palmitoyl carnitine을 생성하는 효소계의 존재를 확인하였는데 이 효소계에 의해 palmitoyl coenzyme A와 DL-Carnitine(methyl-14C)으로부터 palmitoyl carnitine-14C이 생합성됨을 고찰하였고, 한편 이 효소계에 의해 화학적으로 합성한 palmitoyl-14C-carnitine이 palmitic acid-14C과 carnitine으로 가수분해됨을 확인하였다. 이 효소계에 의해서나 또는 화학적 방법에 의해 만들어진 palmitoyl carnitine은 적혈구막을 용해하며 이때 막에 부착된 효소계인 Adenosine Triphosphatase나 Glucose-6-phosphatase등이 활성화됨을 발견하였다. An enzyme system in human erythrocyte membrane was found to catalyze the formation of palmitoyl carnitine-14C from palmitoyl coenzyme A and carnitine-(methyl-14C). It was also confirmed that the same enzyme acts on the hydrolysis of palmitoyl-14C-carnitine into palmitic acid-14C and carnitine. Palmitoyl carnitine formed from this enzyme system or other chemical method solubilized the erythrocyte membrane and stimulated significantly the membrane bound enzymes, such as Adeno-sine Triphosphatase (ATPase) and Glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) tried.

Furan의 2-치환체에 대한 conformation에 관한 연구

金時俊,全容求 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

2-formyl furan, 2-acetyl furan, chloro-2-furyl ketone의 conformation 에 관하여 擴張 Huckel 分子軌道法 計算을 실시하였다. 計算 結果는 conformation이 trans型인 것이 cis型 보다 더 安定하다. 이 安定化에너지의 대부분은 정전기적인 原子間의 힘에 기인하는 것임을 밝혔다. The conformation of 2-formyl furan, 2-acetyl furan and chloro-2-furyl ketone have been studied from extended Huckel molecular orbital calculations. The results show that the trans-conformation of the ?? bond is favored compared with that of cis-conformation, ?? The major part of the stabilization energies can be accounted for by the electrostatic energies between the atoms involved.

Studies on the Preparation and Purfication of Labelled Phospholipids in vivo and in vitro form Rat liver

Park, Joong-Keun,Kim, Eung-Pyul,Cho, Key-Seung 漢陽大學校敎養學部 1976 硏究論文集 Vol.- No.1

쥐 간을 사용한 반응계를 이용하여 시험관내에서 또는 생체내에서 표지된 인지질의 합성을 제조용 Thin-layer Chromatography 방법에 의해서 정량적으로 분리 및 정제하는 방법을 기술하였다. 14C-acetate, 14C-palmitic acid, L-α-glycerophosphate-U-14C 및 H₃32PO₄등에 의해 표지된 인지질을 여러 다른 전개용매를 사용한 1차 및 2차원적인 silica gel thin-layer chromatography 법에 의해 분리하였으며, 분리된 인지질은 I₂증기, ninhydrin 시험, ammonium molybdate 시험 및 황산 charing 법 등에 의해 확인하였다. 인지질의 정량적인 함량 측정을 위해서는 silica gel plate를 I₂증기로 발색시킨 후 인지질의 band를 예민한 핀으로 표시한 다음 SO₂gas를 통하여 I₂증기를 제거하고, 인지질을 함유한 spot부분의 silica gel를 긁어모아 추출한 후 무기인 정량을 하여 환산하였다. 끝으로 표지된 인지질의 제조 및 정제에 대한 응용성을 쥐 간을 사용하여 설명하였다. The method herein described is the preparative procedures for phospholipids labelled mainly in fatty acid or in both fractions in vivo and in vitro from rat liver. For this purpose, 14C-acetate, 14C-palmitic acid, sn-glycero-3-phosphate-U-14C and H₃32PO₄are used. The preparative thin-layer chromatography is adapted for the separation and purification of labelled phospholipids with several different solvent systems. After separation by one and two-dimensional silica gel thin-layer chromatography, phospholipids are detected by I₂vapor, ninhydrin test, ammonium molybdate test and sulfuric acid charring. For quantitative determination of phospholipids, plates are visualized with I₂vapor and marked the spots with sharp pin, and then decolorized I₂by passing SO₂gas. Lipid spots are scraped off and the lipids are eluted and analyzed by inorganic determination. applicability of the procedure for preparation of labelled phospholipids is demonstrated on lipids from rat liver.