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成鍾林,金洪喆,金成朝,朴鍾珠 圓光大學校附設 새마을硏究所 1983 새마을 연구 Vol.1 No.-
During the past two decades, Korea achieved one of the highest economic growth rates among the developing nations. But the rapid expansion of industries and the emergence of densely populated urban areas during the period have placed heavy strains on the quality of the country's environment. In the course of national development, Korea adopted economic growth industrial development, and paid little attention on environmental consequences of such development. The Korean govern ment, cognizant of the seriousness of the resulting problem, began to take measures aimed at curving environmental deterioration. The Nature protections (or Environmental Conservation) Movement launched this year it one of the most significant such driver. The meaning of environment is differentiated in accordance with the disciplines which systematically deals with the environmental problems or with the practical positions and approaches, since the environmental problems appear to be important social and daily life problems. Broadly speaking enviroment is the whole which influence each other in and out of a group of organisms. In these regards, the environment of which center is human beings can be called a human environment or a human ecosystem Human environment is a complex one composed of the human beings and their environmental conditions, that is to say man-society-biotic and abiotic beings and their conditions. The human enviroment is different from and more complex than any environment in terms of fact that the man, being quite a compoment of the system, is able to change the structure of the system by his intellectual activities. The purpose of the present study aims at gathering basic data relating to the perception of environmental conservation in case of students. Major issues are ① the extent to which people are satisfied with their environment, ② the degree of conern for environmental protections, ③ the effectiveness of various governmental or civilian conservation programs, and ④ the degree of concern for environmental education. Data for the study were collected from a sample survey (417students) conducted in Junrabukdo province, using a standardized interview schedule. Marjor findings of the research can be summarized as follows; ① student's satisfaction with the existing quality of the daily environment (water, air, noise, etc) was expressed by relatively higher level. But students seemed more dissatisfied with the quality of the parks, river and other recreation areas. ② student's public knowledge of conservation or pollution control programs was very low despite the concerted effort of both govermental and civilian conservation organizations to arouse public consciousness for environmental protection. ③ considering that conservation movements had not been widely known and participation had been very low, public support for environmental protection was very strong. Approximately two-thirds of the sample were found willing to pay on additional one percent of their current tax as a special environmental tax. Almost unanimously, respondents were in favor of establishing environmental education as part of the regular academic curricula from the elementary school up. ④ environm ental personality test shows that students have a strong tendncy to view their environment as an object to be developed and modified to suit his immediate needs and desires.
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