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Breivogel, Aaron,Park, Myeongjin,Lee, Donggu,Klassen, Stefanie,Kü,hnle, Angelika,Lee, Changhee,Char, Kookheon,Heinze, Katja Wiley-VCH 2014 European journal of inorganic chemistry Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) with a simple device structure were prepared by using heteroleptic bis(tridentate) ruthenium(II) complexes [<B>1</B>](PF<SUB>6</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>–[<B>3</B>](PF<SUB>6</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> as emitters. The push‐pull substitution shifts the emission energy to low energy, into the NIR region. The devices emit deep red light up to a maximum emission wavelength of 755 nm [CIE (International Commission on Illumination) coordinates: <I>x</I> = 0.731, <I>y</I> = 0.269 for [<B>3</B>](PF<SUB>6</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>], which, to the best of our knowledge, is the lowest emission energy for LECs containing bis(tridentate) ruthenium(II) complexes. A device structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ruthenium(II) complex/Ag was used, and the thickness of the emitting layer was measured by AFM [ITO: indium tin oxide, PEDOT: poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene), PSS: poly(styrenesulfonate), AFM: atomic force microscopy]. To enhance the external quantum efficiency (EQE), cells were fabricated with and without poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as additive in the emitting layer.</P>