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Yinglan Su,Zhongjun Zhang,Qiuli Zhang,Yaoxian Zhang,Zhanli Liu 대한외과학회 2015 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.89 No.6
Purpose: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) develops in patients with chronic renal failure. This study aimed to compare analgesic efficacy in SHPT patients who undergo subtotal parathyroidectomy after superficial versus deep cervical plexus block. Methods: Sixty chronic renal failure patients with SPHT scheduled for subtotal parathyroidectomy were randomized to receive general anesthesia (group GA), general anesthesia plus bilateral superficial and deep cervical plexus block (group BD), or general anesthesia plus bilateral superficial cervical plexus block (group BS) (n = 20). Bilateral superficial cervical plexus block or combined superficial and deep cervical plexus block with 0.5% ropivacaine was administered. Postoperative pain was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: VAS score at 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours after operation was 3.71 ± 0.60, 2.72 ± 0.54, 2.17 ± 0.75 in BS group; 4.00 ± 0.28, 2.89 ± 0.21, and 2.46 ± 1.01 in BD group, significantly lower than in GA group (6.50 ± 0.50, 5.02 ± 0.54, and 4.86 ± 0.51, respectively). The dosage of tramadol was 109.0 ± 35.2 mg in BS group and 93.0 ± 24.52 mg in BD group, significantly lower than in GA group (300.0 ± 27.13 mg). The incidence of complications in GA group (90%) was significantly higher than in BS group (30%) and BD group (15%). Serum glucose and norepinephrine levels were significantly higher at 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours after operation, but returned to baseline levels at 24 hours after operation. Conclusion: Superficial cervical plexus block or combined superficial and deep cervical plexus block effectively reduces postoperative pain, stress response, and complications in SHPT patients who undergo subtotal parathyroidectomy.
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Chen Wang,Kai Zhang,Chen Zhongjun,Heng Cai,Wan Honggui,Ping-Kai Ouyang 한국생물공학회 2015 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.20 No.3
Lysine decarboxylase (LDC) exhibits a significant role in cadaverine (1,5-pentanediamine, diaminopentane) production from lysine. In this study, an error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling were performed to improve the activity of LDC from Hafnia alvei AS1.1009 for cadaverine production. A sensitive high-throughput screening strategy based on a pH indicator was established for directed evolution of LDC. Several improved mutants were obtained from directed evolution and LDCV147F/E583G mutant showed highest activity to catalyze lysine to cadaverine. This mutant showed 1.62-fold high LDC activity when compared to wild-type. Further analysis by site-directed mutagenesis reveled that only the mutant E583G was sufficient for higher catalytic activity. Wild type LDC and mutant LDCE583G were purified by an improved method including hydrophobic chromatography. These purified enzymes were characterized and the kinetic parameters were compared between LDCE583G and WT LDC. Vmax of LDCE583G was 1.32-fold higher than that of WT LDC. Use of LDCE583G mutant showed 1.48-fold improved productivity of cadaverine when compared to wild type. The concentration of cadaverine in E. coli JM109/pTrc99a-ldc2-41 was 63.9 g/L with conversion yield of 93.4% during 5 h. These results indicate that the mutation has positive effects on improving LDC activity and a potential candidate for cadaverine production.
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