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S-15 The Association of Gallstone & Cholecystectomy with Metabolic changes or Intestinal bacteria
( Sang Hoon Lee ),( Dae Bum Kim ),( Chang Nyol Paik ),( Yeon Ji Kim ),( Keun Joong Yun ),( Ji Min Lee ),( Woo Chul Chung ),( Kang-moon Lee ),( Jin Mo Yang ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1
Objectives: Gallbladder (GB) diseases including the status of gallstone or cholecystectomy could be associated with metabolic diseases or intestinal bacteria. However, their role has not been clarified. We investigate the relationship of GB diseases with fatty liver, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Methods: We prospectively evaluated the consecutive outpatients with GB diseases attending a gastrointestinal clinic, who underwent demographic investigation, blood test for metabolic diseases, abdominal ultrasonography, glucose breath test (GBT). The 26 Controls without any abdominal symptoms were also enrolled. Results: 178 patients with GB diseases (131 GB stone, 47 cholecystectomy) were finally enrolled. The mean age of the patients were 55.4 years (range: 19-80) and 37.6% were male. The prevalence of fatty liver (46.1%), dyslipidemia (41.0%), hypertension (33.7%), metabolic syndrome (29.8%), SIBO (35.4%) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly higher or higher tendency in patients with GB disease than in controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dyslipidemia (OR=3.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-9.73), hypertension (OR=4.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24-17.26), fatty liver (OR=3.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-10.90) and metabolic syndrome (OR=10.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.28-84.06) were independent factors associated with GB diseases. In subgroups with GB stones, dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and SIBO were independent factors. Whereas in subgroups with cholecystectomy, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and severity fatty liver were independent factors. Conclusions: The metabolic status with dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome is common risk factors related with both GB stone and cholecystectomy. Cholecystectomy is associated with the progression of fatty liver; whether GB stone is independently related with risk of intestinal bacteria
( Yun Hee Kim ),( Min Kyu Choi ),( Rae Hong Jung ),( Sang Pil Yoon ),( Jun Yu ),( Hee Gu Choi ),( Soon Mo Ahn ),( Hyo Bang Moon ) 한국환경분석학회 2010 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.13 No.1
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fecal sterols were determined in the sediment from Gamak Bay in Korea, to investigate their distributions and impacts on benthic environment. Concentrations of 16 PAHs and 8 fecal sterols in Gamak Bay sediments ranged from 130 to 2,100 ng/g dry weight (mean 400 ng/g dry weight), and from 740 to 9,500 ng/g dry weight (mean 2,900 ng/g dry weight), respectively. Concentrations of coprostanol (Cop), which has been used as indicator of domestic pollution, ranged from 12 to 600 ng/g dry weight. Concentrations of PAHs and Cop in the sediment from Gamak Bay were similar to or lower than those reported for industrialized bays of Korea and other countries. No correlation between the levels of PAHs and fecal sterols was found in sediment from Gamak Bay, suggesting the differences of source and behavior for these chemicals in coastal environment. Diagnostic ratios and profiles of PAHs in Gamak Bay sediment showed a strong pyrolytic origin with a slight petrogenic contamination. The Cop/(Cop+cholestanol) and Cop/ cholesterol showed that the organic pollution in Gamak Bay was attributed to biogenic source rather than sewage pollution. Spearman correlation analyses and non-parametric multidimensional scaling (MDS) technique showed that distribution of fecal sterols was associated with benthic community structure in sediment from Gamak Bay.
Sung-Mo Choi,Yeo-Sang Yun,Jin-Ho Kim 국제구조공학회 2006 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.6 No.4
The connection with combined cross diaphragm is developed for the connection of square CFT column and steel beam and proposed to be used for the frame with asymmetric span length. The structural characteristics of this connection lie in the penetration of the beam flange in the direction of major axis through the column for the smooth flow of stress. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamic behavior and stress flow of suggested connection and to evaluate the resistance to shock of connection. Four T-type CFT column-to-beam specimens; two with combined cross diaphragm and the others with interior and through diaphragms, the existing connection types, were made for cyclic load test guided by the load program of ANSI/AISC SSPEC 2002. The results show that the proposed connection is more efficient than existing ones in terms of strength, stress flow and energy absorption and satisfies the seismic performance required in the region of weak/moderate earthquakes.