Gut-Specific Delivery of T-Helper 17 Cells Reduces Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice

Hong, C.P.,Park, A.,Yang, B.G.,Yun, C.H.,Kwak, M.J.,Lee, G.W.,Kim, J.H.,Jang, M.S.,Lee, E.J.,Jeun, E.J.,You, G.,Kim, K.S.,Choi, Y.,Park, J.H.,Hwang, D.,Im, S.H.,Kim, J.F.,Kim, Y.K.,Seoh, J.Y.,Surh, C. Elsevier North Holland [etc.] 2017 Gastroenterology Vol.152 No.8

<P>BACKGROUND & AIMS: Obesity and metabolic syndrome have been associated with alterations to the intestinal microbiota. However, few studies examined the effects of obesity on the intestinal immune system. We investigated changes in subsets of intestinal CD4(+) T-helper (T-H) cells with obesity and the effects of gut-tropic T(H)17 cells in mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS: We isolated immune cells from small intestine and adipose tissue of C57BL/6 mice fed a normal chow diet or a HFD for 10 weeks and analyzed the cells by flow cytometry. Mice fed a vitamin A-deficient HFD were compared with mice fed a vitamin A-sufficient HFD. Obese RAG1-deficient mice were given injections of only regulatory T cells or a combination of regulatory T cells and T(H)17 cells (wild type or deficient in integrin beta 7 subunit or interleukin 17 [IL17]). Mice were examined for weight gain, fat mass, fatty liver, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. Fecal samples were collected before and after T cell transfer and analyzed for microbiota composition by metagenomic DNA sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Mice placed on a HFD became obese, which affected the distribution of small intestinal CD4(+) T-H cells. Intestinal tissues from obese mice had significant reductions in the proportion of T(H)17 cells but increased proportion of T(H)1 cells, compared with intestinal tissues from nonobese mice. Depletion of vitamin A in obese mice further reduced the proportion of T(H)17 cells in small intestine; this reduction correlated with more weight gain and worsening of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Adoptive transfer of in vitro-differentiated gut-tropic T(H)17 cells to obese mice reduced these metabolic defects, which required the integrin beta 7 subunit and IL17. Delivery of T(H)17 cells to intestines of mice led to expansion of commensal microbes associated with leanness. CONCLUSIONS: In mice, intestinal T(H)17 cells contribute to development of a microbiota that maintains metabolic homeostasis, via IL17. Gut-homing T(H)17 cells might be used to reduce metabolic disorders in obese individuals.</P>

군체 크기와 세포수 상관관계를 이용한 녹조 유발 남조류의 세포수 산정 방법

유경아 ( Kyung A You ),송미애 ( Mi Ae Song ),변명섭 ( Myeong Seop Byeon ),이혜진 ( Hae Jin Lee ),황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.4

Harmful Algal Bloom Alert System (HABAS) for drinking water supply is require to fast and accurate count as system monitoring of cyanobacterium occurrence and inducing a response action. We measured correlation between colony size and cell number including genus Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis, Oscillatoria which are targeted at HABAS, deducted from standard formula, and suggested calculation method from colony size to the number of cell. We collected cyanobacteria samples at Han River (Paldang reservoir), Nakdong River (Dalseong weir, Changnyeonghaman weir) and Geum River (Gobok reservoir) from August to October, 2013. Also, we studied correlation between colony size and cell number, and calculated regression equation. As a result of correlation of harmful cyanobacteria by genus, Anabaena spp. and Aphanizomenon spp. having trichome showed high correlation coefficients more than 0.93 and Microcystis spp. having colony showed correlation coefficient of 0.76. As a result of correlation of harmful cyanobacteria by species, Anabaena crassa, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, A. issatschenkoi, Oscillatoria curviceps, O. mougeotii having trichome showed high correlation coefficients from 0.89 to 0.96, and Microcystis aeruginosa, M. wessenbergii, M. viridis having colony showed correlation coefficients from 0.76 to 0.88. Compared with other genus Microcystis relatively showed low correlation because even species and colony size are the same, cell density and cell size are different from Microcystis strains. In this study, using calculated regression might be fast and simple method of cell counting. From now on, we need to secure additional samples, and make a decision to study about other species.

유전자 기법을 이용한 북한강 수역 Anabaena strain의 동정 및 Geosmin 생산 잠재성 분석

김건희 ( Keon Hee Kim ),임병진 ( Byung Jin Lim ),유경아 ( Kyoung A You ),박명환 ( Myung Hwan Park ),박정환 ( Jung Hwan Park ),김백호 ( Baik Ho Kim ),황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.4

This study was conducted to identify the bloom-forming Anabaena strains with two phenotypes (straight-type and coil-type) isolated from North Han River (Sambong-ri Joam-myun) using 16S rDNA sequence. The odor material producing potential was also examined using the geosmin-synthesizing gene cluster. Despite of striking morphological difference of the two stains, resembling A. circinalis and A. crassa species, the phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA identified the both strains as a single species of A. circinalis with high genetic similarity (98%~100%). Also, two Anabaena strains showed to possess the geosmin-synthesizing gene cluster, indicating that they are capable of producing the odor substance. This study is the first report that provides the direct evidence of geosmin production in the gene level by A. circinalis in Korea, and provides important basic information to identify the source alga of geosmin increase and its management in North Han River.

POSTERS / PW-015 : DEVELOPMENT OF BIOASSAY SYSTEM TO IDENTIFY ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS

(You A . Hwang),(Kum Joo Shin),(Pann Ghill Suh),(Sung Ho Ryu) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 1999 6th IUBMB SEOUL CONFERENCE Vol.- No.-

EFFECT OF PURIFIED ALGINATE MICROCAPSULES ON THE REGENERATION OF CHONDROCYTES

Hwang, Ji Hye,Kim, On You,Kim, A Ram,Bae, Ji Yeon,Jeong, Su Mi,Shim, Jung Bo,Yoon, Kun Ho,Lee, Dongwon,Khang, Gilson National Taiwan University 2012 Biomedical engineering Vol.24 No.3

<P> Adult articular cartilage tissue has poor capability of self-repair. Therefore, a variety of tissue engineering approaches are motivated by the clinical need for articular repair. Alginate has been used as a biomaterial for cartilage regeneration. The alginate is a natural polymer that is extracted from seaweeds and purification. However, the main drawback is the immune rejection in vivo. To overcome this problem, we have developed the biocompability of alginate using modified Korbutt method. After alginate was purified, purified alginate microcapsules were used in cartilage regeneration. Chondrocytes were seeded in purified and nonpurified alginate microcapsules, and then cell viability, proliferation and phenotype were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted to confirm mRNA expression on collagen type I and collagen type II for chondrocytes phenotype. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Safranin-O histological staining showed tissue growth at the interface during the first 10 days. In this study, chondrocytes in purified alginate microcapsules had higher cell viability, proliferation and more phenotype expression than those in nonpurified alginate microcapsules. The results suggest that the purified alginate microcapsule is useful for cartilage regeneration. </P>

피부와 PPAR

황유아 ( You A Hwang ),남상준 ( Sang June Nam ),박장서 ( Chang Seo Park ) 한국피부장벽학회 2004 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Effects of the Anti-sepsis Drug, (S)-1-(α-Naphthylmethyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (CKD-712), on Mortality, Inflammation, and Organ Injuries in Rodent Sepsis Models

Jae-Hwan Park,Dal-hyun Kim,In-Chang Hwang,Nina Ha,Sera Lee,Jung Min Kim,Sung Sook Lee,Hosung Yu,In-Taek Lim,Jun-A You 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.3

CKD-712 is a 1-naphthyl analog of higenamine that has been reported to have potent antiinflammatory and thus anti-sepsis effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of CKD-712 as a medicine for sepsis and to confirm its protective effects on organs in animal sepsis models. Pretreatment with CKD-712 dose-dependently increased survival rate in a lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis model in mice. Body temperature decrease, an important pre-symptom of septic death, was also prevented by CKD-712. CKD-712 still significantly increased survival rate even when administered one and four hours after lipopolysaccharide injection. Therapeutic efficacy of CKD-712 was also confirmed against sepsis following zymosan-induced endotoxemia and in cecal ligation and puncture surgery in mice. In a disseminated intravascular coagulation model in rats, CKD-712 showed organ-protective effect by reducing serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transferase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels. CKD-712 also prevented histological damage to the lung and liver. In this same model, CKD-712 showed anti-inflammatory effects through decreases in tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in the blood and reduced translocation of nuclear factor-κB to the nuclei of lung cells. CKD-712 administration also diminished infiltration of leukocytes into the lung and liver. Taken together, these results show that CKD-712 has excellent potential as an effective medicine for sepsis.

연구논문 : 한국에 체류 중인 일본인과 중국인의 비빔밥 인지도 및 해외시장 진출 가능성 연구

이진실 ( Jin Sil Lee ),박관화 ( Kwan Hwa Park ),한정아 ( Jung A Han ),황지윤 ( Ji Yun Hwang ),김진희 ( Jin Hee Kim ),정유선 ( You Sun Jung ),김수민 ( Soo Min Kim ),백진경 ( Kyoung Paik ),황혜선 ( Hye Sun Hwang ),전민선 ( Min Sun J 한국식품조리과학회(구 한국조리과학회) 2014 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구에서는 한국에 체류 중인 일본인과 중국인을 대상으로 비빔밥 개발 시 중요하게 고려해야 할 요인, 영양적 가치에 대한 인지도, 비빔밥의 외국 시장진출 가능성에 대해 조사하였으며 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 비빔밥 개발 시 중요 요인에 대해 조사한 결과여성이 남성보다 열량과 영양적 균형을 더 중요하게 여기는 것으로 나타났으며, 다이어트 경험이 있는 응답자가 비빔밥의 신선도와 열량, 1인 분량에 대해 높은 점수를 주었다. 국적 간의 차이에서는 일본인이 중국인에 비해 비빔밥의 영양적 균형과 열량을 중요하게 평가하였으며, 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았으나 중국인들의 경우 비빔밥의 외형과 향을 더 중요하게 생각하는 것으로 조사 결과 나타났다. 둘째, 비빔밥의 영양적 가치에 대한 인지도를 살펴본 결과, 성별이 여성인 경우와 한국 체류기간이 짧은 응답자의 경우에 비빔밥이 채소가 풍부하며 영양적으로 균형적인 음식이라는 인지 정도가 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 비빔밥의 외국시장 진출가능성에 대해 살펴본 결과, 일본인들은 비빔밥이 비만예방에 도움이 된다면 구매의사가 있으며 자국에서의 판매가능성도 높다고 응답하였고 역시 일본인이 중국인보다 그 가능성을 더 긍정적으로 평가하였다. 또한, 비빔밥에 대한 인지도가 높은 응답자들이 비빔밥의 해외시장 진출 가능성 역시 높게 평가하였다. 연구의 결과들을 종합해보면 비빔밥의 경우, 각국의 소비자들의 기호도 및 선호도에 적합한 맞춤형 레시피 개발이 필요하며, 진출이 필요한 기업의 경우 이에 대한 홍보 및 마케팅 전략 역시 마련되어야 할 것이다. 또한, 본 연구와 같이 음식이 가진 기능성이나 영양학적 가치 또는 비만과 같은 대사증후군과 관련된 부분과 소비자 기호도 및 선호도를 함께 병행하여 조사한 연구는 아직까지 수행되지 않았다는 점에서 본 논문의 결과가 보다 의미가 있을 것으로 사료된다. 이러한 여러 관점이 수반된 연구를 통해 기호도와 선호도뿐 아니라 외국인들이 지향하는 기능적인 측면이나 영양학적 니즈를 파악하여 메뉴개발 시 반영된다면 맛뿐만 아니라 건강의 관점에서도 한식 메뉴가 가지고 있는 장점을 부각시킬 수 있을 것이다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 여성과 일본인의 경우에는 비빔밥의 열량과 영양적균형, 채소의 함량을 중요하게 생각하고 있으며, 비빔밥을 영양적 가치가 있는 음식으로 인지하고 있었다. 보다다양한 종류의 채소를 사용하여 열량을 낮추고 영양적으로 균형 잡힌 비빔밥을 개발하여 비빔밥 판매 시 영양성분에 관한 영양표시를 하여 영양적 가치를 강조한 마케팅 전략을 통해 여성과 일본인 고객에게 긍정적으로 인지될 수 있을 것이다. 중국인은 일본인과 비교하여 비빔밥의 영양적 가치에 대한 관심도가 낮고 인지도 또한 높지 않으므로 영양성분을 홍보하기 보다는 다른 방안을 간구해야 한다. 비빔밥에 사용되는 다양한 색상의 채소와 쇠고기, 달걀 등이푸드 코디네이션의 관점에서 적절하게 조화가 이루어진 방식으로 차림새를 달리하거나 직접 조리하는 과정의 시연을 통해 시각·후각·미각·청각 등의 오감 중심의 비빔밥을 경험할 수 있는 음식축제 및 홍보 등에 참여할 수 있는 기회를 부여한다면 중국인들의 비빔밥에 대한 인지도를 높일 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 그러나 본 연구는 표본지역이 서울과 경기 지역으로 한정되어 전체 모집단을 대표하는데 한계성을 지니며, 설문대상자가 한국을 방문하거나 체류하고 있는 일본인과 중국인들을 대상으로 조사를 수행한 연구이기 때문에 현지인들의 인식과는 다소 차이가 있을 것으로 사료된다. 앞으로의 연구에서는 현지인과 관광객, 한국거주 외국인과의 비교분석과 같은 좀 더 구체적이고 심도 있는 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 후속연구를 통해 일본과 중국 현지로 연구범위를 넓힌다면 비빔밥의 해외 시장진출에서 보다 가능성을 높일 수 있는 더욱 정확하고 구체적인 방안을 도출할 수 있을 것으로 기대해 본다. Korean food globalization has been recently launched as a tool of civil ambassador, and the trend of Korean food has grown among international visitors of Chinese and Japanese. The purposes of this study were to identify the awareness level about Bibimbap of Chinese and Japanese consumers and to investigate its marketability. The survey questionnaires were distributed to 403 Chinese and Japanese visitors who have experienced Bibimbap. The results identified 3 factors of quality, sensory characteristics, and nutrition value, and Japanese consumers appeared to have higher perception than Chinese consumers about Bibimbap. A significant difference between Japanese and Chinese consumers existed in nutritional value and marketability of Bibimbap, and Japanese highly evaluated the nutritional value of Bibimbap in particular. The findings of this study provided valuable information for the development of Bibimbap and marketing strategies to globalize Bibimbap.

Ginsenoside compound-Mc1 attenuates oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes through an AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent mechanism

Hong, So-hyeon,Hwang, Hwan-Jin,Kim, Joo Won,Kim, Jung A.,Lee, You Bin,Roh, Eun,Choi, Kyung Mook,Baik, Sei Hyun,Yoo, Hye Jin The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

Background: Ginsenoside compound-Mc1 (Mc1) is a member of the deglycosylated ginsenosides obtained from ginseng extract. Although several ginsenosides have a cardioprotective effect, this has not been demonstrated in ginsenoside Mc1. Methods: We treated H9c2 cells with hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>) and ginsenoside Mc1 to evaluate the antioxidant effects of Mc1. The levels of antioxidant molecules, catalase, and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were measured, and cell viability was determined using the Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax):B-cell lymphoma-extra large ratio, a cytotoxicity assay, and flow cytometry. We generated mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity using ginsenoside Mc1 and assessed their heart tissues to evaluate the antioxidant effect and the fibrosis-reducing capability of ginsenoside Mc1. Results: Ginsenoside Mc1 significantly increased the level of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the H9c2 cells. The expression levels of catalase and SOD2 increased significantly after treatment with ginsenoside Mc1, resulting in a decrease in the production of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-mediated reactive oxygen species. Treatment with ginsenoside Mc1 also significantly reduced the H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-mediated elevation of the Bax:Bcl2 ratio and the number of DNA-damaged cells, which was significantly attenuated by treatment with an AMPK inhibitor. Consistent with the in vitro data, ginsenoside Mc1 upregulated the levels of catalase and SOD2 and decreased the Bax:B-cell lymphoma-extra large ratio and caspase-3 activity in the heart tissues of HFD-induced obese mice, resulting in reduced collagen deposition. Conclusion: Ginsenoside Mc1 decreases oxidative stress and increases cell viability in H9c2 cells and the heart tissue isolated from HFD-fed mice via an AMPK-dependent mechanism, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-related cardiac diseases.

De-epithelialized dermal flap for nipple reconstruction: A modified star flap

Lee, Su Hyun,Kim, Deok Woo,You, Hi Jin,Jung, Jae A,Hwang, Na Hyun,You, Jae Pil,Yoon, Eul Sik Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.4

Background Multiple approaches for nipple reconstruction exist, and none is considered superior to all others. The star flap is one of the most popular methods for nipple reconstruction, but gradual height loss is a major concern. We present a new modification of the star flap that incorporates a de-epithelialized dermal flap, along with the associated surgical results. Methods We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent nipple reconstruction using the modified star flap method. The design was different from the conventional star flap in that the lateral wings were changed into a trapezoidal shape and de-epithelialized dermal flaps were added. The patients were followed up at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, and nipple height was measured. The postoperative nipple height achieved using the modified method was compared with that obtained using the traditional method. Results From February 2013 to June 2017, 32 patients received surgery using the modified star flap, and 18 patients who underwent nipple reconstruction before 2013 comprised the conventional method group. All patients had undergone breast reconstruction with an abdominal tissue-based flap. The mean follow-up period was 14.4 months in the modified method group and 17.3 months in the conventional method group. The mean maintenance of projection at 12 months postoperatively was $56.28%{\pm}18.58%$ in the modified method group, and $44.23%{\pm}14.15%$ in the conventional method group. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The modified method using a de-epithelialized dermal flap provides reliable maintenance of projection in patients who have undergone abdominal tissue-based breast reconstruction.