윤활 액체 표면 위에서의 수증기의 불균일 핵형성 속도

송요순,김도형 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2001 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Heterogeneous nucleation rate of water vapor on smooth surfaces, e. g. an immiscible liquid surface was investigated. The nucleation and growth of condensate nuclei could occur both by the direct addition of molecules from the vapor and from those adsorbed on the substrate. The vapor-condensate-substrate interfacial force, the critical supersaturation, number of adsorbed molecules were different ways of expressing the affinity between vapor molecules and substrate surface. We found that adsorbed molecules were usually far more important to the nucleation process than those in the vapor phase. The heterogeneous nucleation rate of water vapor on some liquid surfaces was studied also. The critical supersaturation was measured differently with interfacial tension. There were a little bit differences between Volmer theory and experimental values.

반응경로 탐색 방법에 대한 연구

송요순,서곤 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 2003 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

A study on the theoretical basis of the Delplot method which is one of the search methods for reaction pathways was carried out by using a chart wizard of excel. The concentration curves as well as the characters of the Delplot of an autocatalytic reaction, and autocatalytic reaction combined with serial reaction, and a triangular reaction pathway were shown with the rate constants.

벤젠연소반응에서 팔라듐이 담지된 촉매 지지체의 세공크기 영향

서곤,김종호,정상귀,송요순 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2001 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

VOC를 저온에서 연소시켜 제거하는 촉매는 활성이 우수하도록 귀금속을 다공성 지지체에 담지시켜 제조한다. 지지체의 세공이 크면 물질전달의 제한이 적으나 표면적이 작다. 반면, 가는 세공이 많이 발달되면 표면적은 크지만 반응물의 물질전달제한으로 연소반응이 느려질 수 있다. 따라서 저온에서 VOC를 연소시키면서도 물질전달 저항이 적도록 세공이 커야한다.

Reduction of Carbon dioxide by Toluene over Supported Metal Catalysts

Song, Yo Soon,Masaru, Ichikawa 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 2002 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The study on the reduction of carbon dioxide by toluene was carried out at 500 - 600 ℃ over Pd/γ-Al_2O_3, Pd-Me/γ-Al_2O_3, Ni/SiO_2-Al_2O_3, Ni-W/SiO_2-Al_2O_3, and Rh_6(CO)_16/NaY zeolite catalysts. Palladium-cerium cosupported catalyst showed good activity for the formation of carbon monoxide and benzene. The activity for production of carbon monoxide and benzene on palladium-promoter catalysts was in the order of Pd-Ce > Pd-La > Pd-Ca > Pd-Cr > Pd-Zr > Pd-Pb > Pd-Tl. Nickel Catalyst showed high activity for the production of carbon monoxide at 600℃. Ni-W catalysts had a good selectivity to benzene. Specially rhodium carbonyl cluster catalysts supported in Y type zeolite was high yield of carbon monoxide, but very low in benzene. Most catalysts showed deactivation with reaction time on stream, but in case of Pd-Ce/Al_2O_3 catalyst the deactivation to form the of both carbon monoxide and benzene was less effective than other catalysts.

타이어 트레드 컴파운드와 고무 시멘트 계면의 점착과 접착 특성

송요순 ( Song Yo Soon ),김건옥 ( Kim Kun Ok ) 한국공업화학회 2018 공업화학 Vol.29 No.4

타이어 트레드 컴파운드와 천연 및 합성 고무 접착제 종류에 따른 가황 전/후의 점착력과 접착력 차이를 비교하였다. 가황 전 점착력은 모든 트레드에서 천연고무 시멘트가 가장 강하고, 시간의 경과에 따른 점착력 감소도 천연고무 시멘트가 합성고무 시멘트보다 낮았다. 가황 전 점착력은 시멘트에 사용된 고무의 유리전이온도에 영향을 받았으며, 천연고무가 합성고무에 비해 시간의 경과에 따른 점착력 감소도 적었다. 가황 후 접착력은 천연고무 시멘트가 천연고무가 주성분인 트레드에 강하게 접착하지만 합성고무가 주성분인 트레드에는 약하게 접착했다. 반면 유화중합 SBR, 용액중합 SBR 시멘트는 모든 트레드 컴파운드에 강하게 접착하였고, 시멘트 고무의 가황 속도가 느릴수록 강한 접착력을 보였다. This study compared the tackiness and adhesion of different tire tread compounds and rubber cements before and after vulcanization. The tackiness of natural rubber (NR) cement was the highest for all tread compounds before vulcanization, and the decrease in tackiness of NR cements over time was smaller than that of synthetic rubber cements. The tackiness before vulcanization was affected by the glass transition temperature of the rubber used in the cement and the decrease in tackiness over time of NR was smaller compared to that of using the synthetic rubber. The adhesion of NR-based cements after vulcanization was high for NR tread compounds but low for synthetic rubber tread compounds. On the contrary, the adhesion of emulsion (SBR) and solution SBR cements was high on all tread compounds which was shown to be higher when the rate of vulcanization of cement rubber was lower.

불균일 핵형성에 관한 연구 : the Condensation of Water Vapor on n-Hexadecane n-Hexadecane 표면 위에서 수증기의 응축

송요순,Joseph L. Katz 한국화학공학회 2002 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.40 No.1

고체 위에 응축이 시작되는 불균일 핵형성에 고전적인 식으로 알려진 Volmer식을 n-hexadecane 액상 위에 수증기가 응축하는 계에 적용하였다. 액상 표면에서 Volmer 식을 새롭게 해석하고 thermal diffusion cloud chamber를 이용하여 n-hexadecane 표면 위에 물이 응축하는 불균일 핵형성에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 관찰된 임계과포화도는 Volmer 식으로 계산된 임계과포화도보다 작았다. 또한 분자 운동론에 의해 유도된 불균일 핵형성 속도식은 Volmer 식에서 구한 값과 같았다. 실험에서 구한 임계 과포화 값이 이론값으로부터 편이 되는 이유는 계면장력의 거시적 물성값이 핵형성이 일어나는 미시적 상태의 물성값과 달라질 수 있다고 생각하였다. 한편 임계 과포화에 대한 정의가 실험값과 이론값이 다르기 때문에 두 값은 차이가 날 수 있다고 생각하였다. The classical Volmer's theory of heterogeneous nucleation on solid surfaces was applied to a condensing system of water vapor on n-hexadecane liquid surface. The Volmer's equation was newly analyzed in the case of liquid surface and an experiment was carried out to study the condensation of water vapor on the surface of n-hexadecane in a thermal diffusion cloud chamber. The observed critical supersaturation was smaller than the theoretical value calculated from the Volmer's theory. And the critical supersaturation predicted by a kinetic theory was found to be equal to that by the Volmer's equation. The discrepancy of critical supersaturation between experimental and theoretical values probably stemmed from the difference in the value of interfacial tensions between macroscopic and microscopic states. Also this discrepancy seemed to be reasonable since the theoretical and empirical definitions of the critical supersaturation were different.

독해력 신장을 위한 독해전략 실험 연구 : Centered on Middle School 3 중학교 3학년을 중심으로

송석요,박해순 서원대학교 교육연구소 2000 敎育發展 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study is to find a way for teaching English reading comprehension to the students of English as a foreign language in Korea and to develop a teaching model for reading comprehension in reading classes. To achieve this purpose, this study was conducted according to the following procedure : (1) Based upon theoretical background and the survey of the English reading strategies, the main experimental study was conducted form March 1999 to December 1999. Two groups of students were selected from the subjects on the basis of test scores. One was the experimental group, 34 students and the other was the comparative group, 32 students. (2) The subjects of the comparative group were presented by traditional methods based on bottom-up process when they studied the main text. But those in the experimental class were instructed through reading strategies. (3) At the end of this work each student had a test. The test was composed of 25 items, 25 minutes, and 25 scores in each. The problems were made up of searching topics, main ideas, organization of passage and inference. The result analyses were shown as follows; (1) The questionnaire reported that almost all the students focused on word power, but neglected reading strategies. So they lost their interest in general English reading activities. (2) The experimental group had higher total comprehension scores, which showed reading strategies were significantly more effective than the comparative. (3) 4 reading strategies (previewing, predicting, scanning, skimming) demonstrated a greater effect in developing the reading comprehension ability of students. Some implications could be drawn from the results of this study; (1) In English reading classes, students could be presented different effective strategies on paragraph levels of the text and practice those strategies to the full use. (2) Students could recognize the importance and utility of reading strategies and do exercises through train to learn and develop their own effective strategies for successful reading.

Influence of Deposition Method on Refractive Index of SiO₂ and TiO₂ Thin Films for Anti-reflective Multilayers

Song, Myung-Keun,Yang, Woo-Seok,Kwon, Soon-Woo,Song, Yo-Seung,Cho, Nam-Ihn,Lee, Deuk-Yong The Korean Ceramic Society 2008 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.45 No.9

Anti-Reflective (AR) thin film coatings of $SiO_2$ (n= 1.48) and $TiO_2$ (n=2.17) were deposited by ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) with End-Hall ion source and conventional electron beam (e-beam) evaporation to investigate the effect of deposition method on the refractive indicies (n) of the fIlms. Green-light generation using a GaAs laser diode was achieved via excitation of the second harmonic. The latter resulted from the transmission of the fundamental guided-mode wave of 1064 nm through periodically poled $LiNbO_3$. Large differences in the refractive indicies of each of the layers in the multilayer coating may improve AR performance. IBAD of $SiO_2$ reduced its refractive index from 1.45 to 1.34 at 1064 nm. Conversely, e-beam evaporation of $TiO_2$ increased its refractive index from 1.80 to 2.11. In addition, no fluctuations in absorption at the wavelength of 1064 nm were found. The results suggest that films prepared by different deposition methods can increase the effectiveness of multilayer AR coatings.

불균일 핵형성에 관한 연구: Volmer 식의 한계성에 대한 검토

송요순 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1998 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

This study applied the classical Volmer's theory for heterogeneous nucleation on liquid surface. The deviation of critical supersaturation between empirical and Volmer's theory was measured by experiment of nucleation of water on surface of n-Hexadecane. The limitation of Volmer's theory was discussed.

중학교 교실에서 수준별 과제중심 활동을 통한 표현력 신장 방안에 관한 연구

송석요,박해순 서원대학교 교육연구소 2002 敎育發展 Vol.21 No.2

The purpose of this study was to find a way to improve students' productive sills through Task-based Activities in middle school English classes. To achieve this purpose, based on theoretical background the main experimental study was conducted from May to November 2001. Tasks which were suitable for task-based learning were selected from the textbook. The tasks were organized according to the levels of students: basic, elementary, and advanced tasks. Two models were designed. The subjects of the control group did the same tasks when they had task-based activities for English classes. But those in the experimental class did the differentiated tasks appropriate for their levels. To investigate the effectiveness of Task-based Activities, experimental teaching was given to the subjects, and they were asked to given answers to the questionnaires and make their self-assessment. And they also had speaking and writing tests to investigate their productive skills. As a result of analyzing the collected data, some important results of this study can be concluded as follows; (1) English classes through task-based activities for their levels brought about positive results in interests, self-confidence and participation. So English classes became student-centered. (2) Students selected the tasks which were appropriate for their levels. So the contents of English classes through task-based became easier and were understood better than before. (3) Students had to communicate in target language under real situations and had more chance to talk each other to carry out the activities. (4) Task-based activities were not teacher-centered but student-centered. so they could use English working voluntarily in groups and improve their productive skills. (5) Task-based activities by level in one class removed bad things resulted from moving classrooms in the 7th curriculum. Some implications could be drawn from the results of this study. (1) In English classes, task-based activities can be very effective because students get more chances to use spoken or written English with interest and motivation. (2) Task-based activities can be a good model of teaching ·learning activities in English classes for the 7th curriculum. (3) Teachers are recommended to be experts for designing proper tasks, and team teaching is required to make this model successfully.