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Responses of Candida albicans to the Human Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37
Pei-Wen Tsai,Yin-Lien Cheng,Wen-Ping Hsieh,Chung-YuLan 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.7
Candida albicans is amajor fungal pathogen in humans. Antimicrobialpeptides (AMPs) are critical components of the innateimmune response in vertebrates and represent the firstline of defense against microbial infection. LL-37 is the onlymember of the human family of cathelicidin AMPs and iscommonly expressed by various tissues and cells, includingsurfaces of epithelia. The candidacidal effects of LL-37 havebeen well documented, but the mechanisms by which LL-37kills C. albicans are not completely understood. In this study,we examined the effects of LL-37 on cell wall and cellular responsesin C. albicans. Using transmission electron microscopy,carbohydrate analyses, and staining for β-1,3-glucan,changing of C. albicans cell wall integrity was detected uponLL-37 treatment. In addition, LL-37 also affected cell wallarchitecture of the pathogen. Finally,DNAmicroarray analysisand quantitative PCR demonstrated that sub-lethal concentrationsof LL-37 modulated the expression of genes witha variety of functions, including transporters, regulators forbiological processes, response to stress or chemical stimulus,and pathogenesis. Together, LL-37 induces complex responsesin C. albicans, making LL-37 a promising candidate for useas a therapeutic agent against fungal infections.