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Patent citations and knowledge spillovers: an analysis of Chinese patents registered in the USA
Fei Yu,Yanrui Wu 기술경영경제학회 2014 ASIAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION Vol.22 No.1
This paper examines US patent citation data and analyses how different firms in China affect knowledge spillovers. Patents granted by the US patent office to applicants located in China are collected along with their citation counts. Two kinds of patent citations, namely citations of previous patents and those of non-patent literature, are used to measure knowledge flows. In the empirical analysis, the negative binomial and zero-inflated count models are considered. The regression results suggest the existence of heterogeneity among firms of different ownership. In terms of knowledge spillovers, the US multinational corporations perform better than those from other western countries; Taiwanese companies outperform their counterparts from Hong Kong and Chinese private corporations contribute more than Chinese state-owned enterprises. These results have important policy implications for the development of a knowledge-intensive economy in China.
Purification and Characterization of Novel Manganese Peroxidase from Rhizoctonia sp. SYBC-M3
Yujie Cai,Huiguang Wu,Xiangru Liao,Yanrui Ding,Jun Sun,Dabing Zhang 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.6
A novel manganese peroxidase of Rhizoctonia sp. SYBC-M3 (R-MnP) was purified by (NH4)2SO4fractionation, DEAE-cellulose-32 column chromatography,and Sephadex G100 column chromatography. The molecular mass of R-MnP was determined to be approximately 40.4 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The optimum temperature and pH for R-MnP were 55°C and 4.5, respectively. R-MnP was highly stability when the temperature was below 50°C. R-MnP could retain about 60% of its activity when the pH was between 4 and 6.5. However, R-MnP activity was inhibited by Fe3+, Cu2+, and Co3+ as well as increased by Zn2+ and Ca2+. R-MnP demonstrated oxidation of DMP,ABTS, veratryl alcohol, and guaiacol. The Km values of RMnP for H2O2 and Mn2+ were 25.3 and 53.9 μmol/L,respectively.