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백태경 ( Tae Kyung Baek ),山下三平 ( Sampei Yamashita2 ) 한국지리정보학회 2013 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.16 No.1
본 연구는 아시아 각국 중 활발히 경관계획이 수립되고 있는 일본과 우리나라를 대상으로 경관데이터베이스를 구축함과 동시에 경관제도를 비교하고 분석함을 목적으로 했다. 경관법 제정후의 우리나라의 경관법(2008.3)과 일본의 경관법(2004.6) 그리고 그 조례와 시행사례를 한국과 일본을 대상으로 비교하여 특징을 파악했다. 일본에서는 2010년 12월 1일 현재 472개의 지자체가 경관행정단체이며 우리나라는 2010년 3월 1일 현재 83지자체가 경관행정단체임을 알 수있었다. 한일 양국의 경관법은 전체적으로 보면 유사한 구조로 구성되어 있으나 우리나라의 경우 부칙과 벌칙규정이 없고 일본의 경관법에는 경관지구조항이 있다는 점 등이 특징이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 도출된 결과들은 앞으로 동아시아지역의 경관계획 또는 경관제도의 확립 및 발전에 기초자료로서 활용할 수 있으리라 기대된다. This study is to compare and analyze the current status of landscape planning system in Korea and Japan by establishing the landscape database utilizing geographic information system(GIS). Specifically, landscape laws and their ordinances enacted in Korea and Japan and their implementation cases were compared to identify the characteristics. As of December 1, 2010, landscape administrative bodies are composed of 472 local governments in Japan while as of March 1, 2010, they are 83 local governments in Korea. The landscape laws in Korea and Japan have a similar structure overall. However, there are no supplementary provision and penal provision in the Korean landscape law whereas there is landscape district provision in the Japanese landscape law. The results of this study would be used as a base for building up the landscape planning and policy in the East Asian region.
Yamashita, Hiromi,Kawasaki, Shinichi,Ichihashi, Yuichi,Takeuchi, Masato,Harada, Masaru,Anpo, Masakazu,Louis, Catherine,Che, Michel 한국화학공학회 1998 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.15 No.5
Titanium-silicon (Ti/Si) binary oxides having different Ti content were prepared by the sol-gel method and utilized as photocatalysts for the hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of CH₃CCH with H₂O. The photocatalytic reactivity and selectivity of these catalysts were investigated as a function of the Ti content and it was found that the hydrogenolysis reaction (C₂H_6 formation) was predominant in regions of low Ti content, while the hydrogenation reaction (C₃H_6 formation) proceeded in regions of high Ti content. The in situ photoluminescence, diffuse reflectance absorption, FT-IR, XAFS (XANES and EXAFS), and XPS spectroscopic investigations of these Ti/Si binary oxides indicated that the titanium oxide species are highly dispersed in the SiO₂ matrices and exist in a tetrahedral coordination exhibiting a characteristic photoluminescence spectrum. The charge transfer excited state of the tetrahedrally coordinated titanium oxide species plays a significant role in the efficient photoreaction with a high selectivity for the hydrogenolysis of CH₃CCH to producea mainly C₂H_6, and CH₄, while the catalysts involving the aggregated octahedrally coordinated titanium oxide species show a high selectivity for the hydrogenation of CH₃CCH to produce C₃H_6, being similar to reactions of the powdered TiO₂ catalysts. The good parallel relationship between the yield of the photolumunescence and the specific photocatalytic reactivity of the Ti/Si binary oxides as a function of the Ti content clearly indicates that the high phatocatalytic reactivity of the Ti/Si binary oxides having low Ti content is associated with the high reactivity of the charge transfer excited state, of the isolated titanium oxide species in tetrahedral coordination, [Ti^(3+)-O^-]^*.
Yamashita, Daichi,Kimura, Satoshi,Wada, Masahisa,Takabe, Keiji Springer-Verlag 2016 Journal of wood science Vol.62 No.2
<P>The traditional Maule color reaction was improved by use of tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-hydrochloride acid (Tris-HCl) buffer coupled with a fluorescence microscope. The purple-red color of Maule-treated hardwood was more stable with the novel treatment than with traditional treatment. In addition, Maule-treated wood samples had a characteristic fluorescence when excited with blue (460-495 nm) light. Examination of white birch (Betula platyphylla) showed that syringyl-rich and guaiacyl-rich cell walls emitted red and yellow fluorescence, respectively. Measuring the fluorescence spectra of hardwood and softwood powders after treatment with the new Maule reagents showed that hardwood powder containing syringyl lignin emitted a red fluorescence, whereas softwood powder containing guaiacyl lignin emitted a green fluorescence when excited with blue light. In conclusion, this improved technique has many advantages compared with the traditional Maule color test.</P>
Outcomes and Impacts of Smart City Policies in Japan
Yamashita, Jun World Technopolis Association 2019 World Technopolis Review Vol.8 No.2
The first generation of Japan's smart city policies began around 2010. However, the latest trends in smart city policies and the impacts of the first generation on the latter one were not fully covered in either official documents or academic literature. In such circumstances, the purposes of this study were firstly to identify outcomes derived from the smart city projects in the first generation, and then, to reveal the present situation of the latest smart city policies, including the influence of the first generation on these state of the art policies. The present study was also intended to evaluate the validity of a conceptual framework presented by Fernandez-Anez et al. (2018) for smart city policies. As a result, it was revealed that (1) policy outputs and outcomes derived from the smart city policies in the first generation were highly regarded, (2) the conceptual framework of smart city policies was evaluated as valid, and (3) the second generation of smart city policies after Society 5.0 was characterized by the establishment of smart city platforms.
Analysis, control, and economic impact assessment of major blackout events
Yamashita, Koji,Joo, Sung-Kwan,Li, Juan,Zhang, Pei,Liu, Chen-Ching John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2008 European transactions on electrical power Vol.18 No.8
<P>Recent large-scale blackouts in North America, Europe, and other countries raised great concerns over the reliability of our electric energy infrastructure and the economic impacts of blackouts. These blackouts were caused by a cascading sequence of events involving line outages, overloading of other lines, malfunctions of protection systems, power oscillations and voltage problems, and system separation and collapse. In this paper, common characteristics of blackouts are identified by analyzing the cascaded events of the blackouts. It is important to take appropriate control actions to alleviate overload and emergency conditions in a power system in order to avoid catastrophic power outages. This paper discusses available control procedures and emergency control systems needed to help prevent catastrophic outages. Economic losses from these blackouts in the U.S., Europe, and other countries were significant. An evaluation of the economic costs of blackouts can be used to estimate the benefits of emergency control systems that can be installed to prevent blackouts. This paper provides an overview of the assessment methods and procedures for evaluation of the economic costs of blackouts. This paper also describes the generic procedure of an event study to measure the economic impact of blackouts on the values of the firms in financial markets. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Effect of Biopsy Technique on the Survival Rate of Malignant Melanoma Patients
Yamashita, Yutaro,Hashimoto, Ichiro,Abe, Yoshiro,Seike, Takuya,Okawa, Katsumasa,Senzaki, Yuichi,Murao, Kazutoshi,Kubo, Yoshiaki,Nakanishi, Hideki Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2014 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.41 No.2
Background Cutaneous malignant melanoma has a poor prognosis. The detrimental effect of incisional biopsies on the outcome of malignant melanoma has been debated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the presence and type of biopsy on the prognosis of malignant melanoma. Methods The medical records of 109 malignant melanoma patients treated at Tokushima University Hospital from 1983 to 2007 were reviewed. After excluding 28 cases with stage 0 disease or incomplete data, 81 cases were analyzed in detail with respect to patient sex, age, tumor site, clinical stage at diagnosis, presence of ulceration or lymph node metastasis, and prognosis. The five-year survival and five-year disease-free survival rates of patients who underwent incisional or excisional biopsies were compared with those who did not undergo a biopsy. Results The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.19. The mean age was 61.3 years (range, 19-93 years). The most common site was a lower extremity, and the most common clinical stage was stage II. No significant differences in clinicopathological features, five-year survival rates, and five-year disease-free survival rates were observed among the three groups. Conclusions The presence and type of biopsy neither affected the metastatic rate nor the prognosis of malignant melanoma. The use of incisional biopsies is not encouraged because tumor thickness cannot be measured accurately. However, they may be helpful for confirming the diagnosis if an excisional biopsy cannot be performed.
Yamashita, N.,Gasnault, O.,Forni, O.,d'Uston, C.,Reedy, R.C.,Karouji, Y.,Kobayashi, S.,Hareyama, M.,Nagaoka, H.,Hasebe, N.,Kim, K.J. Elsevier 2012 Earth and planetary science letters Vol.353 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The first unambiguous global distribution of Ca on the Moon has been revealed by the Kaguya Gamma-Ray Spectrometer. The observation of the 3737keV gamma rays from <SUP>40</SUP>Ca with a high energy resolution Ge detector, corrected for fast neutrons, improved greatly our confidence in these remote sensing data. While the derived Ca abundance generally confirms the mare-highland dichotomy, we found that the eastern mare regions such as Crisium, Nectaris, and Fecunditatis exhibit unexpected high Ca abundances. This may be explained by regional concentrations of high-Ca clinopyroxene. Our Ca map also shows that the lowest CaO abundance found in the returned samples (∼8wt%) may actually be common in Oceanus Procellarum, suggesting the possible sampling bias of Apollo and Luna missions. These observational results on Ca serve as a complementary criterion for better characterization of mare regions on the Moon.</P> <P><B>Highlights:</B></P> <P>► Global distribution of Ca on the Moon is derived from Kaguya GRS data. ► Observation by high precision Ge detector greatly improved confidence in measurement. ► Ca was found to be more abundant in the east mare region than in the west. ► Selective concentration of high-Ca pyroxene in the eastern mare region is implied. ► Ca provides a complementary criterion to characterize the lunar thermal history.</P>