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      • Synthesis and photophysical properties of copolyfluorenes for light-emitting applications: Spectroscopic experimental study and theoretical DFT consideration

        Smyslov, Ruslan Yu,Tomilin, Felix N.,Shchugoreva, Irina A.,Nosova, Galina I.,Zhukova, Elena V.,Litvinova, Larisa S.,Yakimansky, Alexander V.,Kolesnikov, Ilya,Abramov, Igor G.,Ovchinnikov, Sergei G.,Av Elsevier 2019 Polymer Vol.168 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Using Suzuki and Yamamoto coupling reactions, copoly-(9,9-dioctylfluorenes) (<B>CPF</B>) were synthesized and compared regarding their photophysical properties using the spectroscopic and <I>ab initio</I> DFT approaches. The CPFs were functionalized by benzo [2,3,5] thiadiazole (<B>BT</B>) or carbazole-3,6-diyl (3,6-Cz). The latter was used to introduce different luminophore fragments, including Nile red and 4-pyrrolidinyl-1,8-naphthalimide derivatives. The effect of the two synthesis techniques on the polymer microstructure, the influence of embedding of 3,6-Cz moieties in the polymer backbone on polymer structuring, and the impact of the end groups like novel quinoxaline-containing compounds on the luminescent properties of CPFs were investigated. By comparing electron density distribution using the <I>ab initio</I> DFT approach with photoluminescence, it was shown that Suzuki reaction provides a chain microstructure with individual BT fragments separated by 9,9-dioctylfluorene monomeric units, while Yamamoto reaction leads to the blocks of BT units. This effect leads to different CPF photophysical properties (absorption and emission spectra).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Light-emitted copolyfluorenes were obtained using Suzuki and Yamamoto reactions. </LI> <LI> Yamamoto coupling leads in the microblock chain structure of conjugated polymer. </LI> <LI> Suzuki coupling allows the alternating comonomeric copolyfluorene chain. </LI> <LI> End groups rule photoluminescence properties of copolyfluorenes. </LI> <LI> Naphthalbenzimidazole group provides FRET from fluorene to Nile red. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

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