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김명숙(M.S. Kim),김원일(W.I. Kim),이종식(J.S. Lee),이계준(G.J. Lee),조광래(G.L. Jo),안문섭(M.S. Ahn),최승출(S. C. Choi),김현주(H.J. Kim),김영상(Y.S. Kim),최문태(M.T. Choi),문영훈(Y.H. Moon),안병구(B.K. Ahn),김현우(H.W. Kim),서영진(Y.J. Seo),이 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.6
지속농업은 환경의 건전성과 균형을 유지하는 것에 좌우된다. 본 연구는 농촌진흥청과 전국 도 농업기술원이 공동으로 전국 논토양의 화학성분 함량의 현황과 장기적인 변화양상을 파악하기 위하여 1999년부터 4년 1주기로 모니터링한 결과, 토양 화학성 변동 해석과 그에 따른 토양의 질 지표의 변화정도를 예측하고자 수행하였다. 2007년에 조사한 전국 논토양 2,070 지점의 평균 화학성은 pH 5.8, 유기물 24 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 유효인산 132mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 유효규산 126 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었고, 치환성 칼륨,칼슘 및 마그네슘은 각각 0.32, 4.7, 1.3 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었다. 장기적인 변화에서는 pH는 약간 증가하였으나 치환성 칼륨은 다소 감소하였다. 그러나, 치환성 칼슘과 유효규산 함량은 지속적으로 가장 많이 증가하였다. 그리고 논토양의 화학성 질 지표는 2007년까지 점점 향상되고 있었으며 유효규산의 질 지표 변화량이 가장 높아 전체 질 지표에 미치는 영향이 가장 컸음을 알 수 있었다. There is very important to investigate long-term trend of soil chemical properties and quality index for sustainable agriculture and production of agricultural safety products. Monitoring on soil chemical properties in paddy soils was conducted as one cycle with 4 years from 1999 to 2007. Paddy soil samples were taken from 4,007, 1,970, 2,070 sites in 1999, 2003 and 2007, respectively. With these data, soil quality index (SQI) was evaluated by method that Yoon et al suggested in 2004. Chemical properties of paddy soils were 5.8 for pH, 24 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for organic matter, 132 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for available phosphate, 0.29 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for exchangeable potassium, 4.7 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for exchangeable calcium, 1.3 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for exchangeable magnesium and 126 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for available silicate in 2007. Long-term change was shown that pH has increased gradually whereas exchangeable potassium has decreased. However, reasonably large changes were found. Exchangeable calcium and available silicate level in 1999 was 4.0 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 86 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, but had risen to 4.7 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 126 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> in 2007, respectively. The change of paddy soils quality index was increased gradually and increasement of silicate quality index was higher than other quality indicators.
김원일(W. I. Kim),김명숙(M. S. Kim),노기안(K. A. Roh),이종식(J. S. Lee),윤순강(S. G. Yun),박병준(B. J. Park),정구복(G. B. Jung),강창성(C. S. Kang),조광래(K. R. Cho),안문섭(M. S. Ahn),최승출(S. C. Choi),김현주(H. J. Kim),김영상(Y. S. Kim),남 한국토양비료학회 2008 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.41 No.3
토양환경보전법(1996)에 의해 농경지의 중금속 함량에 대한 토양오염 우려 및 대책기준과 2000년 식품의 약품안전청 고시에 따른 쌀의 카드뮴 함량의 허용기 준 0.2 mg/kg의 설정으로 인하여 우리나라 논토양과 이들 포장에서 생산되는 쌀의 중금속 함량에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 농촌진흥청은 전국 도 농업기술원과 공동으로 전국 논토양의 중금속 함량의 현황과 장기적인 변화양상을 파악하기 위하여 1999년부터 4년 1주기로 모니터링 사업을 수행하고 있으며 3주기의 조사 결과를 검토하였다. 2007년에 조사한 전국 논토양 2,010 지점의 비소, 카드뮴, 구리, 니켈, 납, 아연의 평균함량은 각각 0.87, 0.08, 3.33, 1.19, 4.95 and 4.67 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었고, 조사 논토양의 몇 지점을 제외하고는 토양오염 우려기준을 초과하지 않았다. 비소의 경우 2003년 및 2007년 조사에서 니켈의 경우 1999년과 2007년 조사에서 토양오염 우려기준 초과지점을 확인할 수 있었다. 장기적인 변화에서는 비소, 니켈, 아연이 증가하는 경향이었으나, 카드뮴과 구리의 함량은 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 납의 함량은 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 또한, 토양내 침출성 중금속의 함량별 분포양상은 중금속별로 최빈수가 토양내 평균함량과 유사하였다. 구리를 제외한 모든 논토양의 중금속 함량의 평균값이 중간값보다 높음으로 논토양의 중금속이 정규분포보다 하향으로 편중된 분포를 보였다. There is an increasing concern over heavy metal contamination of paddy soils and the subsequent translocation of heavy metals to rice. Objective is to monitor the status and long-term trend of heavy metal contamination in paddy soils, periodically. In 2007 survey, the average concentrations of As(arsenic), Cd(cadmium), Cu(copper), Ni(nickel), Pb(lead), and Zn(zinc) in 2,010 paddy soils nationwide were 0.87, 0.08, 3.33, 1.19, 4.95 and 4.67 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. Few sites, which were contaminated by As in 2003 and 2007 survey and by Ni in 1999 and 2007 survey, were over the threshold level for soil contamination designated by the Soil Environmental Conservation Act in Korea. Long-term change was shown that As, Ni, and Zn were gradually increased whereas Cd and Cu were decreased. In the distribution of extractable heavy metal contents, the modes of each heavy metal content were similar with the average contents of each heavy metals. Mean value of heavy metals except copper in paddy soils was higher than median value. It means that the downward distribution of heavy metal content in paddy rice was shown against normal distribution.
人爲突然變異李用에 依한 小麥品種開良 第Ⅱ報, M₂世代의 稈長 및 穗長變異體選拔
Y. S. Kim(金泳相),J. S. Eun(殷鍾旋) 한국육종학회 1975 한국육종학회지 Vol.7 No.2
This experiment was conducted to select useful mutants in two wheat varieties, Youngkwang and Jaekwang, treated with gamma-ray, EMS and EI. 1,685 mutant lines in Youngkwang and 1,249 in Jaekwang were observed on the culm and spike-length compared with their mother variety in M₂ generation. The results obtained were as follows: 1. For induction of desirable mutants such as short culm or long spike length, Youngkwang had greater than Jaekwang. Otherwise mutation frequency treated with both chemical mutagens were higher than with gamma-ray. Many mutant lines were selected near the level of LD-50 in plant growth for each mutagen. 2. A few mutants were decreased above 30% for culm length, while spike length of them were appeared in the same or increased as compared with their mother vaviety. These mutants in M₂ generation were able to select both varieties. 3. 134 mutant lines in Youngkwang and 52 in Jaekwang were selected for short culm mutant, also 137 in Youngkwang and 64 in Jaekwang respectively were selected for long spike mutants.
Y. S. Kim(金泳相) 한국육종학회 1971 한국육종학회지 Vol.3 No.1
小麥品種 Weibull’s Svenno 種子를 11.3%와 4.2%의 含水量으로 平衡시켜 감마線照射後 貯藏期間을 數分, 1日, 1週, 2週 및 4週로 하여 播種直前醱素 bubbling 하여 나타나는 貯藏效果를 苗生長에서 調査하였든바 얻어진 結果는 아래와 같다. 1) 放射線照射된 種子가 貯藏期問의 延長에 따라 生物學的障害는 크게 나타나며 이와 같은 傾向은 乾燥種子에서 더욱 뚜렷하게 보였다. 2) 始初의 生物學的障害程度는 種子水分含量에 無關하였으며 貯藏에 依하여 障害의 差異가 크게 나타났다. 이러한 結果는 突然變異育種硏究에 있어서 變更要因 卽 貯藏期問, 酸素效果 및 種子水分含量等에 대하여 考慮되어야함을 暗示하고 있다. Storage effect in relation to moisture content was studied in gamma-irradiated wheat seeds. Variety used in the study is Weibull’s Svenno. Two seed moisture content was considered namely 4.2 percent and 11.3 percent. Prior to irradiation the seeds were equilibrated to this moisture content in a controlled humidity agent in a desiccator and irradiated at gamma doses ranging from 5 kR to 30 kR. After irradiation the following storage period were observed; within 10 minutes, 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks. After each indicated storage period the seeds were germinated in a growth chamber. Before sowing the seeds for germination, these were soaked in oxygenated water by bubbling oxygen at 20℃ for 5 hours. Seedling injury was observed to be vary with storage time. That is, long storage period the greater is the seedling injury. Seed moisture content was also observed to have similar effect as storage period. Least seedling growth was observed at low seed moisture content. It was observed that initial biological damage was not related to seed moisture content. Therefore, it was concluded that modifying factors such as storage period, oxygen, and moisture content of seed be considered in mutation breeding studies.
放射線處理한 大麥 M₂集團에서 몇가지 形質의 變異性에 對한 硏究
Y. S. Kim(金泳相),J. S. Eun(殷鍾旋),K. H. Im(任建爀) 한국육종학회 1973 한국육종학회지 Vol.5 No.1
This experiment was conducted to clarify the variability of several characters in M₂generation of two barley varieties. Chilbo and Youngwol-yukgak irradiated with X-ray or thermal neutron. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Phenotypic variability in irradiated populations was higher as compared with original. variety as the variants were differed with its genetic construction. 2. Mutants falling outside the variation range of original variety were observed about 2.8% for total plants. The frequencies of phenotypic variability were increased to minus variants. 3. The mean values of culm length, spike length, spike weight and number of grains per spike were decreased compared with that of control on both varieties, especially culm length in Youngwol-yukgak was shortened about 10% at the flux of 9.0×10¹²Nth/㎠.
Y.S. KIM(金泳相) 한국육종학회 1977 한국육종학회지 Vol.9 No.2
These studies were carried out to establish efficient induction technique by application of various modifying factors on wheat and barley treated with ionizing radiations and chemical muta-gens. In M₂ generation, the variation of mutants and the frequency of chlorophyll-defficiency mutants were investigated. In addition, histological observations were made of changes in shoot apices on durum wheat seed and seedling treated with gamma-ray.
Y. S. Kim(金泳相),J. S. Eun(殷鍾旋) 한국육종학회 1972 한국육종학회지 Vol.4 No.2
These experiment was carried out in order to study the seedling growth and the frequencies of M₂chlorophyll mutations on various moistured barley seeds which were heated as pre-irradiation treatment. Youngwol-yukgak was used as a material variety. Some results obtained are summarized as follows; 1) Reduction of seedling height, as criterion of biological injury, was greatly appeared due to irradiation only compared with pre-irradiation heat treatment. 2) The growth of seedling was more sensitive than that of root especially in low moistured seeds. 3) Pre-irradiation heat treatment at 60-70℃ for 5 hours markedly increased the chlorophyll mutation frequency.