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( Moustafa Y El Naggar ),( Yousry M Gohar ),( Magdy A Sorour ),( Marian G Waheeb ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.2
This study proposes an alternative approach for the use of chitosan silver-based dressing for the control of foot infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria. Sixty-five bacterial isolates were isolated from 40 diabetic patients. Staphylococcus aureus (37%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.5%) were the predominant isolates in the ulcer samples. Ten antibiotics were in vitro tested against diabetic foot clinical bacterial isolates. The most resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa isolates were then selected for further study. Three chitosan sources were tested individually for chelating silver nanoparticles. Squilla chitosan silver nanoparticles (Sq. Cs-Ag0) showed the maximum activity against the resistant bacteria when mixed with amikacin that showed the maximum synergetic index. This, in turn, resulted in the reduction of the amikacin MIC value by 95%. For evaluation of the effectiveness of the prepared dressing using Artemia salina as the toxicity biomarker, the LC50 was found to be 549.5, 18,000, and 10,000 μg/ml for amikacin, Sq. Cs-Ag0, and dressing matrix, respectively. Loading the formula onto chitosan hydrogel dressing showed promising antibacterial activities, with responsive healing properties for the wounds in normal rats of those diabetic rats (polymicrobial infection). It is quite interesting to note that no emergence of any side effect on either kidney or liver biomedical functions was noticed.
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Kinetics calculation of fast periodic pulsed reactors using MCNP6
Z. Zhong,Y. Gohar,A. Talamo,Y. Cao,I. Bolshinsky,Yu N. Pepelyshev,Alexander Vinogradov 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.7
Fast periodic pulsed reactor is a type of reactor in which the fission bursts are formed entirely withexternal reactivity modulation with a specified time periodicity. This type of reactors could generatemuch larger intensity of neutron beams for experimental use, compared with the steady state reactors. Inthe design of fast periodic pulsed reactors, the time dependent simulation of the power pulse is majorlybased on a point kinetic model, which is known to have limitations. A more accurate calculation methodis desired for the design analyses of fast periodic pulsed reactors. Monte Carlo computer code MCNP6 isused for this task due to its three dimensional transport capability with a continuous energy library. Some new routines were added to simulate the rotation of the movable reflector parts in the timedependent calculation. Fast periodic pulsed reactor IBR-2M was utilized to validate the new routines. This reactor is periodically in prompt supercritical state, which lasts for ~400 ms, during the equilibriumstate. This generates long neutron fission chains, which requires tremendously large amount ofcomputation time during Monte Carlo simulations. Russian Roulette was applied for these very longneutron chains in MCNP6 calculation, combined with other approaches to improve the efficiency of thesimulations. In the power pulse of the IBR-2M at equilibrium state, there is some discrepancy betweenthe experimental measurements and the calculated results using the point kinetics model. MCNP6 resultsmatches better the experimental measurements, which shows the merit of using MCNP6 calculationrelative to the point kinetics model.
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