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Re-approaching Universal Welfare
Yang Yi-Fan,Xiao Tai-Xi 연세대학교 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2011 Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International D Vol.2 No.1
Along with China's in-depth development of reform, it has become difficult to effectively deal with the increasingly austere social risks in the countryside and meet the aged residents’pressing demands of a pension guarantee. This article seeks to shed light on the development of the Chinese rural pension policy from a growing body of literature. This article argues that the rise of the new rural pension scheme is directly related to the emerging ideas of “social security for all”, which abandons the previous policy idea that farmers could still rely on their land and family supplemented by private commercial insurance. However, even though the state has become more involved with this issue, the old-age security of farmers in rural China is still standing on very thin ice and the prospect for further more active state involvement in long run remains ambiguous due to many restrictive conditions. There should be more attention to crucial groups including those households that practice family planning by having only one child or two girls, the elderly, and households with no children, and concentrate on some policy instruments like old-age allowances, micro-insurance and tax-free saving plans for the aged. All in all, the target is to make the rural social old-age security system match with the traditional family protection, collective mutual aid organizations so as to construct Chinese characteristics of multi-level old-age security system between rural and urban areas.
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