Association of the Thoracic Adiposity Measured by Computed Tomography with Lung Function

( Wongun Kwack ),( Yunjeong Jeong ),( Jinyoung Oh ),( Youngsoon Yoon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.121 No.-

Background: Pericardial fat (PF) has been shown to be inversely associated with lung and cardiac function. Abdominal adipose tissues also have been linked to impaired lung function. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of thoracic adiposity including PF on pulmonary function and association with abdominal adipose tissues Methods: A total of 292 subjects (53.5 ± 9.9 years; 61.4% male) were included, who had undergone spirometry, chest, and abdomen computed tomography (CT) from June, 2012 to December, 2014 at the Medical Healthcare Center. PF, intrathoracic fat (ITF), and thoracic fat (TF) of the chest and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and total adipose tissue (TAT) of the abdomen were obtained by directly measuring tissue volume with CT scan Results: PF, ITF and TF have a significant positive correlation with abdomen adiposity (VAT, SAT and TAT), waist circumference, body mass index. After multivariable adjustment, in male, PF, ITF and TF were inversely associated with forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1)% predicted, forced vital capacity (FVC)% predicted, and the FEV1/FVC ratio except the association of PF with FEV1% predicted or FVC% predicted (p = 0.15 and p = 0.32, respectively), and TF with FVC% predicted (p = 0.11). However, in female, all of thoracic adiposity indices had no correlation with lung function. Conclusion: The volumes of thoracic adipose tissue have association with impaired lung function in male, and have a positive correlation with abdomen adipose tissue volumes and traditional obesity indices.

Oncologic Feasibility of Proximal Gastrectomy in Upper Third Advanced Gastric and Esophagogastric Junctional Cancer

Wongun Yun(윤원건),Do Joong Park,Myung-Hoon Lim,Sarah Kim,Sa-Hong Kim,Ji-Hyeon Park,Seong-Ho Kong,Hyuk-Joon Lee,Han-Kwang Yang 대한외과학회 2021 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.5

F-141 Evaluation of a modified early warning system for acute respiratory failure and comparison with SpO2/FiO2 ratio as a predictor of ICU transfer in respiratory unit

( Wongun Kwack ),( Youlim Kim ),( Sang Hoon Lee ),( Jong Sun Park ),( Young-jae Cho ),( Ho Il Yoon ),( Jae Ho Lee ),( Choon-taek Lee ),( Yeon Joo Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2017 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.124 No.-

Introduction: Efforts for early detection of patient deterioration have led to the invention of early warning scores and Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) is widely used to identify patients at risk. However, MEWS is disease-nonspecific and has shown variable accuracy in predicting unexpected critical events. Our aim was to propose a simpler and more accurate method predicting the risk in patients with activated the rapid response system (RRS) in respiratory unit. Methods: We reviewed patients who admitted to the respiratory unit and detected by the RRS from January 2015 to August 2017. Individual MEWS and S/F ratio were obtained. Primary outcome was transfer to intensive care unit (ICU) within 24 hours after RRS activation. Prediction power of MEWS, S/F ratio, and a combination of MEWS with S/F ratio were compared to each other using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 456 patients were included. Mean age was 71.5 ± 12.6 years and male was 75.4%. Transfer to ICU was 73 (16%) and overall mortality was 79 (17.3%). S/F ratio alone and the combination of MEWS with S/F ratio more accurately predicted ICU transfer compared to MEWS alone (area under the ROC: 0.729 vs. 0.778 vs. 0.689, P < 0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusion: S/F ratio alone and the combination of MEWS with S/F ratio improved the prediction of ICU transfer in respiratory unit patients. Implementation of this tool may decrease unexpected fatality.

GPS 기반의 무인자율주행 제어 알고리듬 개발 및 6WD/6WS 시험 차량 성능 평가

김원균(Wongun Kim),이경수(Kyongsu Yi),이교일(Kyoil Lee),정규홍(Gyuhong Jung),김용원(Yongwon Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

하이브리드 인휠 차륜형 차량(6WD)의 최적 동력 제어 기반의 주행 제어 알고리즘 개발

김원균(Wongun Kim),이경수(Kyongsu Yi),이종석(Jongseok Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11

This paper describes development of stability driving control algorithm based on optimal power control for inwheeled vehicle equipped with series hybrid power system. A hybrid and electric vehicle have been actively developed to enhance energy efficiency all over the world. In addition, in order to improve vehicle stability and performance, hybrid and electric vehicles equipped with in-wheel motors have been studied. Driving control algorithm consists of determination, upper level and lower level control and power management layer. The determination layer calculates desired steering angle of each wheel and acceleration from driver’s manual inputs which contains steering angle, throttle and brake commands. The upper level control layer includes yaw stability and vehicle speed control algorithm in order to follow driver’s purpose. The lower level control layer distributes longitudinal tire forces. The power management layer determines desired engine-generator and battery output power in order to enhance energy efficiency. Computer simulations are conducted to verify performance improvement of the proposed driving control algorithm using Mtlab/simulink.

동아시아 교역패턴에 대한 분석 및 경제통합에 대한 시사점

송원근(Wongun Song 한국경제연구원 2009 한국경제연구원 연구보고서 Vol.2009 No.19

□ 동아시아 역내 교역의 특징 및 교역패턴에 대한 분석의 필요성 - 동아시아 역내 수요기반의 취약성 ·동아시아 역내 수요기반의 취약성은 글로벌 불균형의 한 현상이라고 할 수 있으나 역내 시장 발달을 제약하는 제도적 요인에도 원인이 있음. ·역내 무역자유화는 역내 시장의 확대 및 세분화를 통해 장기적으로 역외 충격에도 취약하지 않은 수요 및 성장기반을 확충시키는 효과를 기대할 수 있음. - 동아시아 역내 교역의 특징 및 교역패턴에 대한 분석을 통해 높은 수준의 역내 무역자유화 필요성 도출 ·역내 교역의 확대와 더불어 나타난 국가별·산업별 비중 변화 추이 및 교역패턴 추세가 역내 시장의 확대 및 세분화의 방향과 일치하는가의 여부를 통해 역내 무역자유화의 필요성 도출 □ 동아시아 역내 교역에서 국가·지역별 비중 변화 추세 - 동아시아 국가들의 교역에서 역내 교역 비중이 크게 상승함. ·중국과 역내 국가들과의 교역 급증: 1992년과 2008년의 중국과의 교역규모를 비교하면 일본과는 약 10배, 한국과는 30배 이상 등 대부분 수십 배 이상 급증함. ·일본의 교역에서 역내 의존도는 같은 기간 수입의 경우 25%에서 39%로, 수출의 경우 27%에서 41%로 증가 ·한국의 역내 의존도도 수출, 수입 각각 10%p, 5%p 상승 ·ASEAN 국가들 교역의 역내 의존도도 전반적으로 상승 - 동아시아 역내 국가들의 교역에서 중국의 비중이 상승한 반면 일본에 대한 교역 의존도가 감소함. ·일본 전체 교역에서 중국이 차지하는 비중은 수출의 경우 1991년 2% 수준에서 2008년 16% 수준으로, 수입의 경우는 6%에서 20%로 크게 상승 ·한국과 ASEAN의 경우도 전체 교역에서 중국이 차지하는 비중이 각각 20%, 10% 내외로 급증함. ·교역에서 일본의 비중은 ASEAN의 경우 20% 이상에서 11~12% 수준으로 감소하였고, 한국의 교역에서 일본의 비중은 수출 17%에서 6%로, 수입은 25%에서 14%로 크게 하락함. - 중국의 교역에서 역내 국가에 대한 비중 감소 ·역내 국가들의 교역에서 중국 비중은 급증한 반면 중국 교역에서 동아시아 역내 교역의 비중은 감소 추세임. ·특히 중국의 역내 교역 의존도는 수출에서 크게 낮아져 역내 수출의 비중이 1990년대 초반 60%에서 최근에는 35% 수준까지 하락 - 동아시아 역내 국가 간 무역집중도 ·역내 국가 간 무역집중도 도출 결과 동아시아 역내 시장의 중요도가 추세적으로 높아지고 있음. ·ASEAN 국가들 간의 무역집중도는 높은 수준에서 지속적으로 상승 ·무역집중도 도출 결과 역내 교역에서 중국의 비중 상승과 더불어 ASEAN 국가들에 일본시장의 중요성이 여전히 높은 점도 확인 □ 동아시아 역내 양자간 교역에서 부문별 비중 변화 추이 - 중국의 역내 교역에서 제조업, 특히 기계 및 운수장비(SITC 7)의 비중이 크게 증가함. ·중국의 한국·일본과의 교역에서 수입의 경우 전기기계장치 및 기기(SITC 77)의 비중이 크게 늘어난 점이 가장 큰 특징 ·한국·일본에 대한 수출에서는 ICT 품목(SITC 75, 76, 77)의 비중이 고르게 상승한 점과 노동집약적 경공업제품을 포함한 재료별 제조제품(SITC 6)과 기타 제조제품(SITC 8)도 높은 비중을 차지하고 있는 점이 특징 ·중국의 ASEAN과의 교역에서도 기계류(SITC 7)의 비중이 급증한 것이 특징 ·중국의 ASEAN 중심국들로부터의 수입에서 전기기계장치 및 기기(SITC 77)가 차지하는 비중은 압도적 ·중국의 대ASEAN 수출에서 전기·전자제품 수출 급증은 부품·소재 및 최종재를 포함한 전반적인 수출 급증 - 일본의 동아시아 역내 국가들과의 교역에서도 기계류(SITC)를 비롯한 제조업 제품 위주의 교역이 나타나고 있음. ·일본의 한국·중국에 대한 수출에서 전기기계장치 및 기기(SITC 77)의 비중이 크게 증가하였고 특수산업용기계(SITC 72)와 산업용일반기계(SITC 74)의 비중도 상대적으로 높은 점이 특징 ·대한국 수입에서 기계류(SITC 7), 특히 SITC 77의 비중이 상승 ·ASEAN 주요국에 대한 수출에서 제조업, 특히 기계류(SITC 7)가 차지하는 비중이 압도적이고 세부적으로 ICT 품목 가운데 SITC 77의 비중이 높은 점이 특징 □ 동아시아 역내 부품·소재 교역의 추이 - 부품·소재로 분류된 품목의 해당 기간과 대상에서의 교역 비중을 도출 ·부품·소재 품목 분류: 국가 간 생산과정 분할에 따른 부품·소재 교역이 주로 나타나는 부문인 기계 및 운수장비(SITC 7)와 기타 제조제품(SITC 8)의 세분화된 5단위 품목들 중 부품·소재로 분류할 수 있는 225개 품목 ·기간 및 대상: 1992년, 2000년, 그리고 2007년의 교역 데이터를 이용하여 중국의 동북아 국가들, ASEAN 4개국과의 양자간 교역과 일본의 동북아 국가들, ASEAN 4개국과의 양자간 교역 - 중국의 역내 양자간 교역에서 부품·소재 교역 비중의 추 The objective of this study is to derive the characteristics of internal trade and the patterns of bilateral trade in East Asia. The amount of trade between East Asian nations including Korea, China, Japan, and ASEAN has been increased drastically in recent years. This implies that East Asian economy is more integrated than before. However, East Asian economy is based on the very weak internal demand but heavily dependent upon the external demand. Thus, it is very sensitive to external shocks such as recent global financial crisis. This study explores the reasons for the development of East Asian internal markets to be limited by analyzing the internal trade structures and patterns of trade in East Asia. The trends of national and regional proportions of trade in each country are derived and then several characteristics of internal trade in East Asia are found. First, the proportion of internal trade in East Asia is increased greatly. Second, the internal trade is getting more dependent upon China but the role of Japan in East Asian internal trade is tapering off. Third, China’s dependence on internal trade, especially in exports, has been decreased recently. These findings can be explained by analyzing the trends of sectoral proportions and the relative importance of parts and components in internal trade. The manufacturing became the major sector in East Asian internal trade and among the manufacturing, especially the trade in machinery and transport equipment (SITC 7) including ICT products such as electrical machinery and parts (SITC 77), office machines and ADP machines (SITC 75), and telecommunication and sound equipment (SITC 76) is growing rapidly. In China’s imports from East Asian nations, the imports of electrical machinery and parts (SITC 77) are dominant but in exports to East Asian nations, the exports of other ICT products that consist of mostly final products are not smaller than the exports of SITC 77 which consists of mostly parts and components. In this study, the proportions of parts and components in bilateral trade between East Asian nations are derived by classifying the 5-digit products that belong to parts and components in SITC 7 and 8. The proportion of parts and components in imports of China from other East Asian nations is much greater than that of exports of China. This result implies that China plays a role as the producer of final products for external demand by importing parts and components from other East Asian nations. In contrast with China’s case, the proportion of parts and components in exports of Japan to other East Asian nations, especially to China, is much greater than that of imports of Japan. These results imply that East Asian internal trade is predetermined by vertical production networks based on production fragmentation between nations in East Asia. In this study, the index for determining the trade pattern in each disaggregated sector is derived for the major important bilateral trade in East Asia. By deriving the indexes for determining trade patterns in each industry, the following results are provided. First, in the bilateral trade between Korea and China, China and Japan, the vertical intra-industry trade is increased but the horizontal intra-industry trade is rare. Second, the inter-industry trade is dominantly present in the bilateral trade between China and ASEAN countries. Third, in the bilateral trade between Japan and ASEAN countries, the vertical intra-industry trade is dominant but the number of industries in which no trade is found is getting increased. But no meaningful result is found for pattern of trade in the bilateral trade between Korea and ASEAN nations. These results reflect the special features of trade structure in East Asia. From the results of trade patterns in bilateral trade between East Asian nations, it is clear that the vertical intra-industry trade or specialization based on production fragmentation between countries is deepened bu

6륜독립구동/6륜독립조향 차륜형 장갑차의 고속 주행 안정성 제어알고리즘에 관한 연구

김원균(Wongun Kim),이경수(Kyongsu Yi),이종석(Jongseok Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.5

This paper describes development and performance verification of a driving control algorithm for a six wheeled driving and six wheeled steering (6WD/6WS) vehicle. This control algorithm is developed to improve vehicle stability under high speed driving conditions. The high speed stability control algorithm consists of stability decision and driving control algorithm. The stability decision algorithm determines desired longitudinal acceleration using high speed stable region and Gvectoring method. And it calculates the reference yaw rate based on steady state linear dynamic model of the vehicle. Including optimal distribution and yaw moment control, the driving control algorithm coordinates steering angles, drive and brake torques in order to maintain lateral, yaw stability and rollover prevention. Vehicle-driver-controller (closed-loop) and open loop simulations have been conducted to investigate the improved performance of proposed control algorithm.

지능형 자율주행 제어 알고리즘 개발 및 시험차량 성능평가

김원균(Wongun Kim),이경수(Kyongsu Yi) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5

This paper presents development of a vehicle lateral and longitudinal control for autonomous driving control and test results obtained using an electric vehicle. Sliding control theory has been used to develop a vehicle speed and distance control algorithm. The longitudinal control algorithm that maintains safety and comfort of the vehicle consists of a cruise and STOP&GO control depending on traffic conditions. Desired steering angle is determined through the lateral position error and the yaw angle error based on preview optimal control. Motor control inputs have been directly derived from the sliding control law. The performance of the autonomous driving control which is integrated with a lateral and longitudinal control is investigated by computer simulations and driving test using an electric vehicle. Electric vehicle system consists of DC driving motor, an electric power steering system, main controller (Autobox)

6WD/6WS 차량의 안정성 및 주행성을 위한 타이어 힘 최적 분배

김원균(Wongun Kim),강주용(Juyong Kang),이경수(Kyongsu Yi),이종석(Jongseok Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11

This paper describes optimal distribution controller to improve vehicle lateral stability and maneuverability for a six wheel driving/six wheel steering (6WD/6WS) vehicle. The driving controller consists of upper and lower level controller. The upper level controller based on sliding control theory determines front, middle steering angle, additional net yaw moment and longitudinal net force according to reference velocity and steering angle. The lower level controller intakes desired longitudinal net force, yaw moment and tire force information as an input and determines additional front steering angle and distributed longitudinal tire force on each wheel. This controller is based on optimal distribution control and has considered the friction circle related to vertical tire force and friction coefficient acting on the road and tire. Distributed longitudinal/lateral tire forces are determined in proportional to friction circle according to the changes of a driving condition. The response of the 6WD/6WS vehicle with the driving controller has been evaluated via computer simulations conducted using the Matlab/Simulink dynamic model. Computer simulations of a closed-loop driver model subjected to double lane change have been conducted to prove the improved performance of the proposed optimal distribution controller.

적응 슬라이딩 제어 기법을 이용한 6WD/6WS 차량의 구동 제어 알고리듬 개발

김원균(Wongun Kim),이경수(Kyongsu Yi),이교일(Kyoil Lee),정규홍(Gyuhong Jung),김용원(Yongwon Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-