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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Willardson, Bennington J (검색결과 3 건)
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The effect of rest interval length on bench press performance with heavy versus light loads
Willardson, Jeffrey Michael Arizona State University 2005 해외박사(DDOD)
소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.
Resistance training has been recognized as an essential component of a comprehensive fitness program for individuals with diverse fitness goals. Although training variables such as intensity and volume have been researched most frequently in determining muscular adaptations, relatively little research has been conducted on the optimal rest interval between sets. Prescribing the optimal rest interval between sets is important in order for repetitions to be sustained over successive sets. The ability to sustain repetitions is important due to the effect on training volume and subsequent strength adaptations. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to examine differences in bench press performance with different loads and rest intervals. Sixteen resistance trained men performed two testing sessions each week; the first with a load of 80% of maximal resistance and the second with a load of 50% of maximal resistance. Five consecutive sets were performed with 1, 2 or 3 minutes rest between sets. A series of Repeated ANOVA's were conducted to compare the total repetitions completed and the sustainability of repetitions over consecutive sets. For each load, the 3-minute rest condition resulted in significantly greater total repetitions versus the 2-minute (p = .000) and 1 minute (p = .000) rest conditions. However, the sustainability of repetitions over consecutive sets was not significantly different between loads (p = .849). These results indicate that when training with loads between 50% and 80% of 1-RM, 3 minutes rest should be taken between sets to sustain repetitions to the greatest extent possible. The ability to sustain repetitions via longer rest intervals between consecutive sets may result in greater strength gains.
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Under the influence of arms: The foreign policy causes and consequences of arms transfers
Willardson, Spencer L The University of Iowa 2013 해외박사(DDOD)
소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.
How are arms export choices made within a state? In this dissertation I use a foreign policy analysis framework to examine this question. I focus on examining each of the three primary levels of analysis in international relations as it relates to the main question. I begin with a typical international relations level and examine the characteristics of the two states that dominate the world arms trade: The United States and Russia. I then examine the full network of relations among all states in the international system that are involved in the sale or purchase of arms. To do this I use an Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM) to examine these relations, which I derived from data on arms sales from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). I examine the arms sales in each decade from 1950 through 2010. In order to answer the question of how arms decisions are made within the state, I focus my inquiry on the United States and Russia. It is these states that have the practical capability to use arms transfers as a foreign policy tool. I examine the foreign policy making mechanisms in each of these states to determine how arms transfers can be used as a foreign policy tool. I examine and the bureaucratic institutions within each state and come up with a state ordering preference for how arms decisions are evaluated in each state. Finally, I use case studies to examine arms relations between the both the U.S. and Russia and three other states in each case. The other states were selected based on the pattern of sales between the two countries. I examine these sales to determine the impact of bureaucratic maneuvering and interest politics on the decision-making process within Russia and the United States. I find in my network analysis that the traditional measures of state power – military spending, regime type, and military alliances – do not account for the overall structure of the arms sale network. The most important factors in the formation of the arms sale network in each of the six decades that I study are specific configurations of triadic relations that suggest a continued hierarchy in the arms sale network. I find in my case study chapters that a simple model of state interest as a decision-making rule accounts for the decisions made by the different bureaucratic actors in the U.S. Russian arms sales are driven by a state imperative to increase Russia's market share, and there is high-level involvement in making different arms deals with other countries.
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Prediction of extreme runoff frequency events in southern California
Willardson, Bennington J University of Southern California 2011 해외박사(DDOD)
소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.
The prediction of extreme runoff events has significant risk and financial implications when dealing with hydraulic infrastructure. This is especially true in highly urbanized areas such as Southern California. Two methods for determining extreme runoff exist: extrapolation of existing runoff data using extreme event probability distributions, or hydrologic modeling using design rainfall events and watershed characteristics to generate an estimate of the extreme runoff event. This research investigates both methods to evaluate usefulness and limitations in providing guidance for risk and financial analysis. Design of levees and flood protection channels often focuses on providing protection from events with a 50- to 100-year recurrence interval. In many areas of the country, stream gage record sets do not contain records of this length. The effects of record length, probability distribution selection, and the method of parameter estimation are evaluated to determine the impacts on prediction of the extreme runoff event used for levee and channel design. Design storms are often used with hydrologic models to predict runoff for events larger than those measured through systematic stream gaging. The Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) - Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) methodology is widely used. This research evaluates the use of this standard on design for major hydraulic structures such as dam spillways within Southern California. Two standard PMP methodologies are evaluated based on rain gage frequency analysis within Los Angeles County. The effects of soils, watershed characteristics, and wild fire on extreme runoff events are also evaluated using Monte Carlo Simulation of 27 watersheds within the County. The Monte Carlo Simulations evaluates two design storms, two soil loss methodologies, and the effects of fire within a watershed. The structure and development of the model will be discussed, as well as the results for the different cases in determining extreme runoff events. Conclusions will be drawn regarding prediction of extreme runoff events in Southern California.
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