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Ung Gyu Lee,Joon-Oh Park,Donghun Ohn,Hyuk Jun Kwon,Min-seok Kim,Chan Sik Jung 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.04
Pine wilt disease (PWD) induced by the pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a great threat to pine forests in Europe and East Asia. Identification of interrelation between Monochamus spp., the major vectors of PWD and PWN is the key factor for effective control of PWD because PWN is trasmitted to healthy pine trees only by Monochamus vectors. In this study, direct injection system is designed to apply PWN artificially to M. alternatus just before emergence to adults. After injection of PWN (300~500 nematodes in 10 μl of 1X PBS) using adapted glass pipets, the survival rate of M. alternatus and detection rate of live PWN were 80.0% and 68.8% at 168 h respectively. As a result, we demonstrated the artificial injection methods of nematode to Monochamus vectors for further study of coeffect between vectors and specific stage of PWN including 3rd stage dispersal juvenile.
Differentially expressed gene patterns of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus after Monochamol treatment
Ung Gyu Lee,Changuk Han,Junheon Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.04
Monochamol is a male-produced aggregation pheromone of the Monochamus species, which are vectors of the pine wood nematode (PWN). This nematode is a fatal devastating pest, infecting pinewood trees and is one of the serious forest pest in Korea. The nematicidal activity of synthetic monochamol and its homologues (ROEtOH: R = C7-C13) were determinated to potential alternatives to the currently used PWN control agents. In this study, for elucidation of the lethal mechanism induced by monochamol, we performed Transcriptome analysis by next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq) from LC50 treated PWN and are characterizing some significant genes which were differentially expressed in PWN.
Lee, Yeon Gyu,Choi, Yang Ho,Jeong, Da Un,Lee, Jung Sick,Kim, Yong Wan,Park, Jung Jun,Choi, Jae Ung PERGAMON 2016 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN Vol.109 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Tidal current survey as well as geochemical and benthic foraminiferal analyses of sediment cores were conducted in an abalone farm and a <I>Zostera</I> bed to understand the degree to which the abalone farm facilities installed along a channel in a shallow sea affect the benthic environment and ecology. In the abalone farm, <I>Ammonia beccarii</I>-<I>Pseudoparrella naraensis</I>-<I>Elphidium somaense</I>-<I>Rosalina globularis</I>-<I>Trochammina hadai</I> and <I>P. naraensis</I>-<I>E. somaense</I>-<I>A. beccarii</I>-<I>T. hadai</I> assemblages appeared owing to an increase in the total nitrogen content from the biodeposits. The <I>Zostera</I> bed consisted of <I>A. beccarii</I>-P<I>. naraensis</I>-<I>Buccella frigida</I>-<I>T. hadai</I> assemblage owing to the gradual expansion of a brackish shallow-water environment by the rapidly decreasing current speed, and it may have flourished. Moreover, the total sulfur, Zn, Cr, and Cu contents in the sediments decreased remarkably more than those of the pre-abalone farming did, caused by the vigorous activity of <I>Zostera marina</I> physiology.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The effect of abalone farm facilities on the benthic foraminifera and <I>Zostera</I> bed </LI> <LI> <I>Trochammina hadai</I> increased by inflow of total nitrogen content from the biodeposits. </LI> <LI> <I>Zostera bed</I> expanded brackish-water environment by the decreasing current speed. </LI> <LI> <I>Zostera bed</I> may have flourished and undergone the increase of <I>Trochammina hadai</I>. </LI> <LI> Trace metal contents decreased remarkably by the activity of <I>Z. marina</I> physiology. </LI> </UL> </P>
Ung Gyu Lee,Min-seok Kim,Donghun Ohn,Sumin Hwangbo,Chansik Jung 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
Pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), the pathogen of pine wilt disease (PWD), is transmitted to new host trees through Monochamus spp., vector insects. In Korea, aerial application has been allowed conventionally to eliminate the vectors in their flying season. In this study, thiacloprid was applied to four-year-old Pinus densiflora, which were fed to adult M. alternatus emerged from PWD infected logs for 72 h in the condition of 1 DAT (Days after treatment of thiacloprid) and 15 DAT, respectively. We confirmed the presence of nematodes in each beetle applied to experiment by Baermann funnel method and PCR with species-specific ITS primers. After 72 h of 1 DAT and 15 DAT, thiacloprid residues in pine trees were 0.59-16.32 and 0.043-0.131 mg/kg and the mortalities of the beetle were 100 and 99.2%, respectively. Detection rate of B. xylophilus was 51.3%. The incidence rate of PWD in 1 DAT and 15 DAT showed no mortality and 5.55% compared with 55.5% of control, respectively.
Ung Gyu Lee,Vimal Kumar Dubey,Deok Ho Kwon,Si Hyeock Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.10
In our previous study, COPA (coatomer subunit alpha) gene from the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, exhibited RNA interference (RNAi)-based lethality when its double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was systemically delivered via multi-unit chambers or its hairpin RNA was in planta-expressed by agroinfiltration. The cumulative mortality of T. urtcae was 55.0 ±14.2% in soybean plants agroinfiltrated with COPA gene. To investigate the temporal expression profiles of hairpin RNA following agroinfiltration, the amount of hairpin RNA expressed in plants was quantified over time by quantitative real-time PCR. Relative transient expression levels of T. urticae COPA hairpin RNA was highest at 46 h post-agroinfiltration and the extent of COPA gene knockdown was lowest at 12 h post-infestation on soybean plants. To investigate small interference RNA (siRNA) profiling, northern blot assay is currently under progress.
Analysis of Ozone Concentration by TD and Q-mass Method
Lee, Dong-Gyu,Lee, Joon-Ung The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2004 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.5 No.4
In order to get oxidizing power enough for growth of a superconductive thin film with oxide gas, concentrated ozone was used. As a method for concentrating ozone, a method for concentrating ozone by adsorbing ozone selectively into silica-gel beads is adopted, and this concentration is analyzed by the ultraviolet absorption method, the thermal decomposition method and the Q-mass analyzing method. Thermal decomposition method is most effective for measurement of a high concentration of ozone. Ozone as concentrated by the adsorption method got to have a concentration of 97 mol % at the maximum, and it was identified that the concentration of the ozone gas was stable for the time while a thin film was formed.
Dynamic Response of Organic Right-emitting Diodes in ITO/Alq<sub>3</sub> Structure
Lee, Dong-Gyu,Lee, Joon-Ung The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2005 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.6 No.3
Dynamic response of organic light-emitting diodes were analyzed in $ITO/Alq_3$(100 nm)/Al device structure with a variation of voltage an frequency. At low frequency region, complex impedance is mostly governed by resistive component, and at high frequency region by capacitive component. Also, we have evaluated resistance, capacitance and permittivity of devices.
Knockdown of COPA gene by RNAi resulted in reduction of lysosome in Tetranychus urticae
Ung Gyu Lee,Si Hyeock Lee,Vimal Kumar Dubey,Deok Ho Kwon,Hye in Kim,Dong Ho 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
RNA interference (RNAi) has been proven as an operative technique for efficient gene silencing in many organisms. In our study, Tetranychus urticae, an extremely polyphagous and rapidly resistance developing mite against acaricides, was screened by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery method using multi-unit chambers. Among several lethal genes of T.urticae, COPA (the coatomer subunit alpha), a gene involved in membrane transport between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex, showed the highest mortality rate [median lethal time (LT50)=54h]. To investigate the effect of dsCOPA treatment to lysosome formation, we used the Lysotracker green DND26 dye, selective to acidic cellular compartments such as lysosome. The result revealed that the dsEGFP-treated T. urticae has 1.3-fold more of lysosome than that of dsCOPA treated, indicating that downregulation of COPA affected lysosomes function and autophagy, thereby resulting in lethality. To investigate the further detailed toxic mechanism of COPA knockdown, investigation on histological changes in T. urticae fed COPA dsRNA is currently on going.