"양풍(洋風)"에서 "화양병존(和洋幷存)" 그리고 "화양절충(和洋折衷)"으로 전개과정 -일본 근대 초기 상류층 주택양식의 성립과정에 나타난 국가적 주택양식의 탄생에 관한 고찰-

( Uchida Seizo ) 한양대학교 동아시아문화연구소(구 한양대학교 한국학연구소) 2013 동아시아 문화연구 Vol.53 No.-

이 논문은 일본 메이지 시대 상류층 주택양식의 성립과정을 통해, 근대 국가적 주택양식의 탄생에 관해 고찰한 것이다. 메이지 이후 새로운 양식으로 화양관(和洋館)병렬형 주택이 존재했던 것은 알려졌지만, 주택건축으로 양관(洋館)이 도입되는 과정에 관해서는 논의가 많이 이루어지지 않았다. 또한 천황이 주거하는 메이지 궁전이 당초 양관으로 짓기로 했다가 도중에 일본관으로 변화한 것은 알려졌지만, 그렇게 변화된 배경에 관해서는 충분히 밝혀졌다고 보기 어렵다. 이 논문에서는 메이지 시대 이후 주택양식이 서양식에서 일본식으로 움직인데 대한 배경을 짚어 보고, 국가적 주택양식으로서 당초 구미 스타일을 모델로 했던 양풍을 지향하면서도 메이지 10년 이후부터 화양병존 화양절충으로 급속히 변화한 점을 살펴보았다. 그리고 그 변화에 나타난 서양식에서 일본식으로의 움직임이 전통문화 계승이라는 반성적 자립성에 의한 변경이 아니라, 오스트리아와 러시아의 왕실존속방법의 도입을 통한 국가유지의 정책적 변경에 의한 것이었음을 밝혔다. 그렇기 때문에 메이지 시대의 국가적 주택양식의 일본식화는 전통을 존중하고 계승하려 한 주체적 움직임이었다기보다는 어디까지나 전통회귀로 이해해야 할 것으로 보인다. This Report attempts to examine the birth of national style of architecture,tracing back a process of the changes of upper classes` residences built in the Meiji Era. It is well-known fact that a certain architectural style came into Japanese high society of those times as a new type of upper classes` residences, constructing Japanese and Western styles of residences in parallel at the same housing site. But It is also insufficient issue to clarify how and when the western style of architecture were introduced and adapted into Japanese high society as a new architectural style of their residences. For example, the Meiji Palace, a noble residency of Japan Emperor, had been planned to be constructed as fully Western style of architecture at the beginning and this plan was modified in the middle to construct the residency with independently Japanese style of architecture, but the reason have not been proved clearly up to now. Hence, this report firstly considered various backgrounds of the movement from Japanese to Western styles of architectures seen in the changes of upper classes` residences. The movement carried out and aimed to westernize residences as the national style of architecture at first, modeled ones with styles of Europe and America, and from around 1880`s, this movement rapidly altered into putting these styles co-existent at the same time, and furthermore, compromising Japanese style of residences with Western style of architecture. These successive movement from Japanese to Western styles would be come out from an attempt to adapt a method contrived by Australia or Russia Imperials for the means of keeping ruling family up continuously, and influenced from the change of policies preserving the nation. It was not surely seemed to come out from a reconsideration or self-reliance about the succession of Japanese traditional cultures. For that reason, the movement of Japanization suddenly came out in the national style of architecture in Meiji Era, in other words, would be not an independent movement for the respect or the succession of Japanese traditions, rather it should be insistently an attempt of recurring to the Japanese traditions.

Ocean tide-induced secular variation in the Earth-Moon dynamics

Uchida, Natsuki,Shima, Hiroyuki Techno-Press 2018 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.7 No.5

We theoretically consider a possible influence of periodic oceanic tides on non-periodic changes in the dynamics of the Earth and Moon over a long time scale. A particular emphasis will be placed on the contribution from rotating tidal waves, which rotate along the inner edge of an oceanic basin surrounded by topographic boundary. We formulate the angular momentum and the mechanical energy of the rotating tidal wave in terms of celestial parameters with regard to the Earth and Moon. The obtained formula are used to discuss how the energy dissipation in the rotating tidal wave should be relevant to the secular variation in the Earth's spin rotation and the Earth-Moon distance. We also discuss the applicability of the formula to general oceanic binary planets subject to tidal coupling.

Current Level of Reproductive Performances in Japanese Black Cows

Uchida, Hiroshi,Kobayasi, Jin,Inoue, Tatsushi,Suzuki, Keiichi,Oikawa, Takuro Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.8

A set of 313,169 reproduction records of Japanese Black cows calving between 1987 and 1996 were collected in nation widely Japan to investigate the current level of reproductive performances and the factors influencing the performances such as calving interval, first calving age, services per conception, calving difficulty, non-gestation period and gestation length. All the records of reproductive performances are outcome of artificial insemination. The means of first calving age, calving interval, non-gestation period and gestation length were 25.0 months, 389.9, 101.9 and 287.5 days, respectively. Services per conception were 1.41 and degree of calving difficulty was 1.07, which suggests most of the calving, did not need assistance. There were chronological tendencies that first calving age became younger while calving interval became longer. Differences in reproductive performance were found for seasons and calving numbers. Calving interval became shorter towards the fourth calving but became longer afterwards. The cows calving in May had the shortest calving interval followed by those in April and June and first calving age had a similar tendency. The cows with the standard body condition score showed more favourable reproductive performances compare with those with rather fatty or thin body condition scores.

EXPERIMENTS AND ANALYSES ON THE DEFORMATION OF THE BED PROTECTIVE WORKS DOWNSTREAM OF A WEIR

UCHIDA TATSUHIKO,FUKUOKA SHOJI 한국수자원학회 2005 한국수자원학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

THE EFFECT OF WILTING ON SILAGE MAKING FROM THE VIEWPOINT IN CONNECTION WITH MONSOON ASIA (A REVIEW)

Uchida, S.,Kim, K.H.,Yun, I.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1989 Animal Bioscience Vol.2 No.1

In spite of the well confirmed advantages of wilting on the fermentation quality, wilting silages are difficult to make at optimum dry matter content. The prolonged wilting, especially in humid condition, result in lower water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) contents, extensive protein breakdown and sometimes higher total volatile fatty acid (VFA) during wilting an ensilage. Apart from difficulty of controlling moisture content, another problem associated with wilted silages is different evaluation on the potential productivity. In temperature climate of Asia, therefore further researches on the effects of wilting on the silage fermentation and potential productivity seen to be necessary.

Formation of Cross-Linked Products of The Reaction Center D1 Protein in Photosystem II under Light Stress

Uchida, Suguru,Kato, Yoji,Yamamoto, Yasusi Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

When illuminated with strong visible light, the reaction center Dl protein of photo system II is photodamage and degraded. Reactive oxygen species and endogenous cationic radicals generated by photochemical reactions are the cause of the damage to the Dl protein. Recently we found that the photodamaged Dl protein cross-links with the surrounding polypeptides such as D2 and CP43 in photosystem II. As the cross-linking reaction is dependent on the presence of oxygen, reactive oxygen species are suggested to be involved. Among the reactive oxygen species examined, ? OH was most effective in the formation of the cross-linked products. These results indicate that the cross-linking is mostly due to ? OH generated at photosystem II. The cross-linking site of the Dl protein is not known. As several tyrosine residues exist at the D­E loop of the Dl protein, there is a possibility that di-Tyr is formed between the D­E loop of the Dl protein and surrounding polypeptides during the strong illumination. Therefore, we examined the formation of di-Tyr using the monoclonal antibody against di-Tyr under excess illumination of the photosystem II membranes. The results obtained here suggest that no di-Tyr is formed during the excess illumination of photosystem II.

TREATMENT OF SOFT TISSUE INFECTIONS WITH HYPERBARIC OXYGEN (HBO) THERAPY

Uchida, Kazuhiro,Kawashima, Mahito,Tamura, Hiroaki,Yamasaki, Yasuhiro,Takao, Katsuhiro 고신대학교 의학부 1986 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.2 No.1

Breathing oxygen under high pressure increases the concentration of oxygen in the blood and reduces hypoxia. Hyperbanc oxygen(HBO) is useful in treating many diseases. It is used orthopedics, for example, to treat anaerobic gas gangrene. At our hospital good results were obtained using it adjunctively to the surgical and antibiotic treatment of soft tissue infections (including aerobic infections).

Economic Impacts of Tour and Leisure Activites in Hokkaido Prefecture in Japan

Uchida, Kazuo 연세대학교 산업경영연구소 1992 산업과경영 Vol.10 No.1

EVALUATION OF REGIONAL PULMONARY FUNCTION USING GASES LABELED WITH POSITRONS

Uchida, K.,Ashitaka, T.,Kawata, K.,fukushima, Y.,Sasaki, Y.,Suzuki, T.,Iio, M. 대한핵의학회 1984 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.18 No.1

Petrogenesis and Solidification Depth of the Jurassic Daebo and Cretaceous Bulguksa Granitic Rocks in South Korea

UCHIDA, Etsuo,CHOI, Seon‐,Gyu,BABA, Daisuke,WAKISAKA, Yusuke Blackwell Publishing Asia 2012 Resource geology Vol.62 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We investigated the Jurassic Daebo and Cretaceous Bulguksa granitic rocks in South Korea. The former are distributed mainly in the Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs and the latter are present in the Gyeongsan basin and Ogcheon belt. The Daebo granitic rocks generally are of ilmenite series and I to S type. These rocks are associated with Au–Ag hydrothermal deposits, whereas the Bulguksa granitic rocks are of magnetite series and I type, and are associated with Pb–Zn, Cu and Mo–W hydrothermal deposits, as well as Au–Ag hydrothermal deposits. The Daebo granitic rocks show adakitic signatures in their chemical compositions. They are considered to have been derived from partial melting of the thick lower continental crust. Conversely, the Bulguksa granitic rocks in the Gyeongsan basin are non‐adakitic and are considered to have been derived from partial melting of a mantle wedge. Magmas of the Daebo granitic rocks formed at relatively shallow levels, but solidified at deep levels compared with those of the Bulguksa granitic rocks. The Bulguksa granitic rocks in the central to western Ogcheon belt are considered to have been formed by fractionation of magmas derived from partial melting of continental crust. The total Al contents of biotite and hornblende in the granitic rocks increased, with the Bulguksa granitic rocks in the Gyeongsan basin < the Bulguksa granitic rocks in the Ogcheon belt and Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs and the Daebo granitic rocks in the Ogcheon belt < the Daebo granitic rocks in the Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs. This order corresponds to an increase in solidification depth.</P>