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Verruciform xanthoma in the hard palate: a case report and literature review
Alexandre Simõ,es Garcia,Otá,vio Pagin,Paulo Sé,rgio da Silva Santos,Denise Tostes Oliveira 대한구강악안면외과학회 2016 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.42 No.6
Oral verruciform xanthoma (OVX) is an uncommon lesion that appears on the oral mucosa. The aim of this paper was to discuss the probable etiopathogenesis of OVX in the hard palate, reinforcing the importance of including this lesion in the differential diagnosis of verrucous lesions. A 43-yearold male smoker presented with a painless lesion with a verrucous surface and erythematous spots on the hard palate. Excisional biopsy revealed oral mucosa consisting of hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and elongated rete pegs. Subjacent connective tissue showed numerous foam cells with clear cytoplasm and pyknotic nucleus, negative on periodic acid-Schiff staining. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed foam cells positive for anti-CD68 antibody, while anti-KI-67 antibody was restricted to the basal layer of the oral epithelium. A final diagnosis of OVX was established. The patient showed no signs of recurrence after seven months of follow-up. Physical trauma and smoking habits can be directly related to the etiology of verruciform xanthoma because the lesion is chronic and inflammatory with slow growth, and sites if high trauma are more often affected by such a lesion. The hard palate is the second most commonly affected site, and local trauma caused by smoking can be a cause of this type of lesion.
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Aerosol physicochemical effects on CCN activation simulated with the chemistry-climate model EMAC
Chang, D.Y.,Lelieveld, J.,Tost, H.,Steil, B.,Pozzer, A.,Yoon, J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2017 Atmospheric environment Vol.162 No.-
<P>This study uses the EMAC atmospheric chemistry-climate model to simulate cloud properties with a prognostic cloud droplet nucleation scheme. We present modeled global distributions of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentrations and CCN activation rates, together with the effective hygroscopicity parameter K, to describe the aerosol chemical composition effect on CCN activation. Large particles can easily activate into cloud droplets, even at low K values due to the dominant size effect in cloud droplet formation. Small particles are less efficiently activated as CCN, and are more sensitive to aerosol composition and supersaturation. Since the dominant fraction of small particles generally originates from anthropogenic precursor emissions over land, this study focuses on the influence of the continental atmosphere, using a prognostic cloud droplet nucleation scheme that considers aerosol cloud interactions during cloud formation, together with a double-moment cloud microphysics scheme. The agreement of simulated clouds and climate with observations generally improves over the Northern Hemisphere continents, particularly high air pollution regions such as Eastern US, Europe, East Asia by accounting for aerosol-cloud interactions that include impacts of chemical composition on CCN activation. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</P>
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A Powerful Chiral Counterion Strategy for Asymmetric Transition Metal Catalysis
Hamilton, G. L.,Kang, E. J.,Mba, M.,Toste, F. D. American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2007 Science Vol.317 No.5837
<P>Traditionally, transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective transformations rely on chiral ligands tightly bound to the metal to induce asymmetric product distributions. Here we report high enantioselectivities conferred by a chiral counterion in a metal-catalyzed reaction. Two different transformations catalyzed by cationic gold(I) complexes generated products in 90 to 99% enantiomeric excess with the use of chiral binaphthol-derived phosphate anions. Furthermore, we show that the chiral counterion can be combined additively with chiral ligands to enable an asymmetric transformation that cannot be achieved by either method alone. This concept of relaying chiral information via an ion pair should be applicable to a vast number of metal-mediated processes.</P>
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Mechanical Eye Model for Evaluating Intraocular Pressure Measurements
Kutaiba Saleh,Volkmar Unger,Alexander Dietzel,Detlef Heydenreich,Rico Großjohann,Clemens Jürgens,Frank Tost,Jens Haueisen 대한의용생체공학회 2014 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.4 No.4
Purpose For the development of new intraocular pressure(IOP) measurement devices, as well as for comparison withexisting devices it is important to consider the variousbiomechanical properties of the eye in test setups. Therefore,a controllable physical phantom with flexibility in theadjustment of biomechanical parameters and geometries isbeing proposed and analyzed. Methods Different configurations of a mechanical eyemodel are simulated together with the applanation process,based on the finite element method (FEM). Forming toolsare designed to produce artificial corneas with variablethicknesses and stiffness’s using injection molding. Anapparatus is assembled for controlling and evaluating thephantom eye in connection with a piezoelectric IOP testsensor. Measurements are also performed using thecommercially available non-contact tonometer NCT-800. Results Simulation results for surface pressure and stressdistribution at the cornea together with the pressure in thecentral part of the applanation body show that the pressurereaches a maximum when the local stress is centrallyconcentrated and decreases to a stable level afterwards. Morerigid corneas result in higher maximum values for thepressure. The measurements with the piezoelectric IOP testsensor are in good agreement with the simulation results. The NCT-800 measurements show a significant influence of the biomechanical properties of the cornea on measured IOPs. Conclusion Our phantom is suitable for describing the effectof biomechanical characteristics of the human eye ontonometric measurements and will facilitate the evaluation ofnew tonometry systems.
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