Steam reforming of α-methylnaphthalene as a model compound of biomass tar over Ni-based catalyst for hydrogen-rich gas

Xiao Lv,Jun Xiao,Tingting Sun,Xiaodong Huo,Min Song,Laihong Shen 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.2

Tar is a barrier to limit the development of biomass gasification. Catalytic steam reforming experiments using α-methylnaphthalene (MNP) as a model tar compound were carried out in the two-stage reactor system (TSR). Based on response surface methodology, the effects of TSR temperatures and the molar ratio of steam to carbon (S/C) on MNP reforming performances were analyzed using the Li-modified Ni-based catalyst (NBC). The results show that the proper introduction of H2 is able to improve significantly the MNP conversion, specially at lower temperatures. Furthermore, it is more appropriate for the modified catalysts by Li and Mg to be loaded in the first reactor due to their significant promotion to hydrocracking reactions, and it is favorable to place the Ni/Al catalyst in the second reactor for H2-rich gas. Additionally, the carbon deposition resistance of the NBC modified by Li exhibits better than that of the NBC modified by Mg.

Susac Syndrome With Retinal Vasculitis: A Rare Case Report and Brief Review

Tingting Sun,Yiwen Qian,Zhiliang Wang,Yiqin Xiao 대한신경과학회 2023 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.19 No.5

Effects of different methionine sources on production and reproduction performance, egg quality and serum biochemical indices of broiler breeders

Xue Xiao,Yongxia Wang,Weilong Liu,Tingting Ju,Xiuan Zhan 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.6

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different methionine (Met) sources on production performance, reproduction performance, egg quality and serum biochemical indices in broiler breeders. Methods: After receiving a basal diet (containing 0.25% Met) for a 2-wk pretreatment period, a total of 360 39-wk-old Lingnan yellow broiler breeders were randomly allocated to four treatments with six replicates each (15 birds per replicate). Breeders were fed with basal diets (control) or diets supplemented with DL-methionine (DLM), DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthio butytric calcium (MHA-Ca) and coated DL-Met (CME) respectively. Results: The results showed that CME supplementation promoted laying rate and decreased feed-to-egg ratio (F/E) (p<0.05), DLM and MHA-Ca supplementation decreased F/E (p<0.05) when compared with control group. The rate of fertility, hatchability and birthrate were higher (p<0.05) in DLM, MHA-Ca, and CME groups than control group. Compared with control group, CME increased the eggshell thickness (p<0.05); MHA-Ca improved the eggshell thickness, shell ratio and eggshell strength (p<0.05). Results also showed that CME elevated the concentration of total protein in serum (p<0.05); MHA-Ca improved the concentration of calcium in serum (p<0.05). The concentration of serum uric acid in DLM, MHA-Ca, and CME groups was lower than that in control group (p<0.05). Besides, CME had higher concentrations of serum taurine, cysteine and cystanthionine (p<0.05) while MHA-Ca and DLM promoted the serum taurine concentration (p<0.05) compared with control group. Conclusion: Based on the results, it was concluded that Met supplementation could enhance the production and reproduction performance as well as the antioxidant status and egg quality of broiler breeders. In terms of improving the production performance, reproduction performance and antioxidant performance, CME was superior to DLM and MHA-Ca; but in regard to the enhancement of eggshell quality and serum Ca concentration, MHA-Ca was superior to DLM and CME.

Damping Controller Design for Triangular Scanning of a Third-Order Nanopositioning Stage

Jie Ling,Tingting Ye,Zhao Feng,Min Ming,Xiaohui Xiao 제어로봇시스템학회 2019 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

In this paper, a design procedure of damping controller for third-order nanopositioning stage is presented for high-speed triangular scanning. Conventionally, damping control schemes of integral resonant control (IRC) and resonance-shifted IRC (RS-IRC) are designed providing that a second-order model can be identified for a nanopositioning stage. For a third-order system, existing control schemes cannot be applied directly. For this, a pole-zero cancellation technique is presented to design IRC scheme. In addition, a state observer based pole placement technique is proposed for RS-IRC design. The effectiveness of the proposed design procedures is demonstrated through both simulations and experiments based on a piezo-actuated nanopositioning stage platform. Results show that a closed-loop bandwidth of 156 Hz and 186 Hz are obtained by designed IRC and RS-IRC for the third-order nanopositioning stage, and the root-mean-square (RMS) errors of 40 Hz triangular tracking are 49 nm and 13 nm under IRC and RS-IRC control, respectively.

Adaptive Fuzzy Output Regulation for Unmanned Surface Vehicles with Prescribed Performance

Shaobao Li,Tingting Ma,Xiao-yuan Luo,Zhenyu Yang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.2

Dynamics of an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) is usually hard to be modeled accurately due to system uncertainties and disturbances, which can significantly reduce system control performance. To guarantee a satisfied control performance under modeling uncertainties and disturbances, a novel control scheme combining adaptive fuzzy output regulation control and prescribed performance control is proposed in this paper. The unknown nonlinear dynamics of the USV is firstly approximated by a fuzzy logic system, and then an adaptive output regulation control law is developed using backstepping approach for the USV to track a reference system while rejecting disturbances and approximation errors induced by the fuzzy logic system. Meanwhile, the prescribed performance control technique is combined to the adaptive output regulation control design to reach a desired control performance in spite of the unknown system dynamics and disturbances. A simulation study is finally provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

The atomization characteristics of the surrogate fuel of diesel from indirect coal liquefaction at engine conditions

( Zhong Huang ),( Tingting Zhang ),( Dehao Ju ),( Xinqi Qiao ),( Jin Xiao ),( Zhen Huang ) 한국액체미립화학회 2017 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

The fuel spray behavior has a significant impact on the performance and emission characteristics of the compression ignition engine. It controls the fuel air mixing, which in turns is critical for the combustion process. The differences in the physical properties of convention diesel and the diesel from coal indirect liquefaction (DICL) are expected to result in differences in their spray characteristics, thus, in the performance and emission characteristics of the engine. The aim of this work is to analyze the atomization characteristics of the DICL and compare the global and local flow characteristics of the DICL with the NO.2 diesel (D2) at engine conditions. A surrogate fuel of the DICL (a mixture of 72.4% n-dodecane and 27.6% methylcyclohexane by mass) was built according to its components to simulate the atomization characteristics of the DICL in the non-reacting high temperature and high pressure environment. The implicit Large Eddy Simulation (LES) was used together with the Lagrangian particle tracking approach for the liquid phase in the present study. The simulation results show that the liquid penetration of the DICL is shorter than that of theD2, while there is no significant difference in the vapor penetration of the two fuels. In addition, the gas-phase axial velocity of the DICL along the spray center line is slightly larger than that of D2 in upstream of the spray. Moreover, the SMD of the DICL is larger than that of D2. The studies on the effects of the injection pressure on the atomization characteristics of the DICL were also carried out. The results imply that the injection pressure of the DICL is not required as large as the injection pressure for D2 to generate the same spray quality. This study is helpful to understand the differences in the atomization characteristics between DICL and D2.

Transcriptional profiles of laccase genes in the brown rot fungus Postia placenta MAD-R-698

Hongde An,Dongsheng Wei,Tingting Xiao 한국미생물학회 2015 The journal of microbiology Vol.53 No.9

One of the laccase isoforms in the brown rot fungus Postia placenta is thought to contribute to the production of hydroxyl radicals, which play an important role in lignocellulose degradation. However, the presence of at least two laccase isoforms in this fungus makes it difficult to understand the details of this mechanism. In this study, we systematically investigated the transcriptional patterns of two laccase genes, Pplcc1 and Pplcc2, by quantitative PCR (qPCR) to better understand the mechanism. The qPCR results showed that neither of the two genes was expressed constitutively throughout growth in liquid culture or during the degradation of a woody substrate. Transcription of Pplcc1 was upregulated under nitrogen depletion and in response to a high concentration of copper in liquid culture, and during the initial colonization of intact aspen wafer. However, it was subject to catabolite repression by a high concentration of glucose. Transcription of Pplcc2 was upregulated by stresses caused by ferulic acid, 2, 6-dimethylbenzoic acid, and ethanol, and under osmotic stress in liquid culture. However, the transcription of Pplcc2 was downregulated upon contact with the woody substrate in solid culture. These results indicate that Pplcc1 and Pplcc2 are differentially regulated in liquid and solid cultures. Pplcc1 seems to play the major role in producing hydroxyl radicals and Pplcc2 in the stress response during the degradation of a woody substrate.

The Design of LDPC Encoder Based on the WIMAX Standard

Xiumin Wang,Fangfei Hong,Tingting Ge,Yi Wang,Binggang Xiao,Nurul I Sarkar 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.4

To meet the higher data rate requirement of encoder, an encoder structure suitable for both two rates(1/2,2/3B) in WIMAX standard is proposed, combined with the method of Design Space Exploration. According to the quasi cyclic characteristics of sparse parity check matrix, the traditional RU algorithm is simplified and optimized to reduce the complexity of the system. Simultaneously we introduce a barrel shifter, and use the method that two rows of the base matrix be restored in one ROM to reduce resource consumption. The simulation results show that the encoder for two rates not only runs successfully, but also reduces the utilization of hardware resources. The encoder architecture has broad application prospects with high flexibility.

Autophagy inhibition contributes to epigallocatechin-3-gallate-mediated apoptosis in papillary thyroid cancer cells

Bu Ling,Zheng Tingting,Mao Chaoming,Fei Wu,Mou Xiao,Xu Chengcheng,Luo Xuan,Lu Qingyan,Dong Liyang,Wang Xuefeng 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2021 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.17 No.4

Background Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is a natural polyphenolic compound that induces apoptosis in papillary thyroid cancer cells. However, its underlying molecular mechanism was not completely clarified. Objectives The present study demonstrated the role of apoptosis and autophagy in EGCG-treated papillary thyroid cancer cells and the relationship between these processes. Results EGCG significantly suppressed the viability of TPC-1 papillary thyroid cancer cells at an IC50 of 17.2 μM. EGCG induced TPC-1 cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S phase and downregulated the protein expression of cyclin A and cyclin-dependent kinase-2. EGCG decreased reactive oxygen species levels, upregulated Bax expression, downregulated Bcl-2 expression and increased cytochrome C levels in the cytosol. Treatment with EGCG also increased the levels of cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. EGCG induced an autophagic response via the upregulation of the autophagy-related protein LC3-II and suppression of the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. Autophagy inhibition further enhanced EGCG-induced cell apoptosis and ROS suppression, which indicated that autophagy played a cytoprotective role in EGCG-treated TPC-1 cells. Conclusion Taken together, these results demonstrated that autophagy inhibition was beneficial to EGCG–mediated apoptosis in papillary thyroid cancer cells. Background Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is a natural polyphenolic compound that induces apoptosis in papillary thyroid cancer cells. However, its underlying molecular mechanism was not completely clarified. Objectives The present study demonstrated the role of apoptosis and autophagy in EGCG-treated papillary thyroid cancer cells and the relationship between these processes. Results EGCG significantly suppressed the viability of TPC-1 papillary thyroid cancer cells at an IC50 of 17.2 μM. EGCG induced TPC-1 cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S phase and downregulated the protein expression of cyclin A and cyclin-dependent kinase-2. EGCG decreased reactive oxygen species levels, upregulated Bax expression, downregulated Bcl-2 expression and increased cytochrome C levels in the cytosol. Treatment with EGCG also increased the levels of cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. EGCG induced an autophagic response via the upregulation of the autophagy-related protein LC3-II and suppression of the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. Autophagy inhibition further enhanced EGCG-induced cell apoptosis and ROS suppression, which indicated that autophagy played a cytoprotective role in EGCG-treated TPC-1 cells. Conclusion Taken together, these results demonstrated that autophagy inhibition was beneficial to EGCG–mediated apoptosis in papillary thyroid cancer cells.

Periparturient stocking density affects lying and ruminating behavior and one-week-calf performance of Holstein cows

Jiang Mingming,Alugongo Gibson Maswayi,Xiao Jianxin,Li Congcong,Ma Yulin,Li Tingting,Cao Zhijun,Liu Dasen 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.4

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of stocking density on the behavior, productivity, and metabolism of periparturient Holstein cows as well as calf performance. Methods: A total of 48 periparturient cows were randomly assigned into three groups at 28 days (±3 days) before their expected calving date. The stocking densities of the groups, relative to the standard cubicle and feed bunk number, were i) 80% (13 cows), ii) 100% (16 cows), and iii) 120% (19 cows). Lying and rumination behavior was recorded using electronic data loggers and HR-Tags from d -21 (“d-” means days before calving) until the calving date, d 0. Lying time was assessed to determine the diurnal total hours spent lying per day. Rumination time was averaged in 2 hours interval periods over 24 hours during the experimental period. Results: Cows in the 80% group spent more time lying and ruminating between d -21 and d -7 and tended to ruminate more between d -14 and d 0. Calcium levels tended to be higher for cows in the 80% group, no other observable differences were found in monitored blood parameters. Moreover, 3.5% fat corrected milk and energy corrected milk yields were higher in 80% group in the first month of lactation. No other observable differences were found in the yield and composition of colostrum and milk in the first 10 months of lactation. The growth and performance of calves in the first week of life was not affected by stocking density of the dams. Conclusion: We concluded that lower stocking density may increase lying and ruminating behavior of prepartum Holstein cows. However, this did not translate into improved productivity and metabolism. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of stocking density on the behavior, productivity, and metabolism of periparturient Holstein cows as well as calf performance.Methods: A total of 48 periparturient cows were randomly assigned into three groups at 28 days (±3 days) before their expected calving date. The stocking densities of the groups, relative to the standard cubicle and feed bunk number, were i) 80% (13 cows), ii) 100% (16 cows), and iii) 120% (19 cows). Lying and rumination behavior was recorded using electronic data loggers and HR-Tags from d -21 (“d-” means days before calving) until the calving date, d 0. Lying time was assessed to determine the diurnal total hours spent lying per day. Rumination time was averaged in 2 hours interval periods over 24 hours during the experimental period.Results: Cows in the 80% group spent more time lying and ruminating between d -21 and d -7 and tended to ruminate more between d -14 and d 0. Calcium levels tended to be higher for cows in the 80% group, no other observable differences were found in monitored blood parameters. Moreover, 3.5% fat corrected milk and energy corrected milk yields were higher in 80% group in the first month of lactation. No other observable differences were found in the yield and composition of colostrum and milk in the first 10 months of lactation. The growth and performance of calves in the first week of life was not affected by stocking density of the dams.Conclusion: We concluded that lower stocking density may increase lying and ruminating behavior of prepartum Holstein cows. However, this did not translate into improved productivity and metabolism.