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Kwon, Young Sang,Jeon, Chang-Wook,Bae, Dong-Won,Seo, Jong-Su,Thomashow, Linda S.,Weller, David M.,Kwak, Youn-Sig Elsevier 2018 Fungal biology Vol.122 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Take-all disease, caused by <I>Gaeumannomyces graminis</I> var. <I>tritici</I> (<I>Ggt</I>), is one of the most serious root diseases in wheat production. In this study, a proteomic platform based on 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) was used to construct the first proteome database reference map of <I>G. graminis</I> var. <I>tritici</I> and to identify the response of the pathogen to 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG), which is a natural antibiotic produced by antagonistic <I>Pseudomonas</I> spp. in take-all suppressive soils. For mapping, a total of 240 spots was identified that represented 209 different proteins. The most abundant biological function categories in the <I>Ggt</I> proteome were related to carbohydrate metabolism (21%), amino acid metabolism (15%), protein folding and degradation (12%), translation (11%), and stress response (10%). In total, 51 <I>Ggt</I> proteins were affected by DAPG treatment. Based on gene ontology, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, stress response, and protein folding and degradation proteins were the ones most modulated by DAPG treatment. This study provides the first extensive proteomic reference map constructed for <I>Ggt</I> and represents the first time that the response of <I>Ggt</I> to DAPG has been characterized at the proteomic level.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Take-all disease, caused by <I>Ggt</I>, is one of the most serious diseases in wheat production. </LI> <LI> This study reports the first proteomic map of the <I>Ggt</I>, which we have identified 240 proteins. </LI> <LI> DAPG is produced by <I>Pseudomonas</I> spp. and is the key element in disease suppression. </LI> <LI> Up-regulated proteins induced by DAPG are related to xenobiotic detoxification and antioxidant. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
( Sang Dal Kim ),( Leonardo De La Fuente ),( David M. Weller ),( Linda S. Thomashow ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.6
Pseudomonas fluorescens 2112, isolated in Korea as an indigenous antagonistic bacteria, can produce 2,4- diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) and the siderophore pyoveridin2112 for the control of phytophthora blight of red-pepper. P. fluorescens 2112 was classified into a new genotype C among the 17 genotypes of 2,4-DAPG producers, by phlD restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The colonizing ability of P. fluorescens 2112 in pea rhizosphere was equal to the well-known pea colonizers, P. fluorescens Q8r1 (genotype D) and MVP1-4 (genotype P), after 6 cycling cultivations for 18 weeks. Four tested 2,4- DAPG-producing Pseudomonas spp. could colonize with about a 96% dominance ratio against total bacteria in pea rhizosphere. The strain P. fluorescens 2112 was as good a colonizer as other Pseudomonas spp. genotypes in pea plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.
Microbial and biochemical basis of a Fusarium wilt-suppressive soil
Cha, Jae-Yul,Han, Sangjo,Hong, Hee-Jeon,Cho, Hyunji,Kim, Daran,Kwon, Youngho,Kwon, Soon-Kyeong,Crü,semann, Max,Bok Lee, Yong,Kim, Jihyun F,Giaever, Guri,Nislow, Corey,Moore, Bradley S,Thomashow, L Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2016 The ISME journal Vol.10 No.1
<P>Crops lack genetic resistance to most necrotrophic pathogens. To compensate for this disadvantage, plants recruit antagonistic members of the soil microbiome to defend their roots against pathogens and other pests. The best examples of this microbially based defense of roots are observed in disease-suppressive soils in which suppressiveness is induced by continuously growing crops that are susceptible to a pathogen, but the molecular basis of most is poorly understood. Here we report the microbial characterization of a Korean soil with specific suppressiveness to Fusarium wilt of strawberry. In this soil, an attack on strawberry roots by Fusarium oxysporum results in a response by microbial defenders, of which members of the Actinobacteria appear to have a key role. We also identify Streptomyces genes responsible for the ribosomal synthesis of a novel heat-stable antifungal thiopeptide antibiotic inhibitory to F. oxysporum and the antibiotic's mode of action against fungal cell wall biosynthesis. Both classical-and community-oriented approaches were required to dissect this suppressive soil from the field to the molecular level, and the results highlight the role of natural antibiotics as weapons in the microbial warfare in the rhizosphere that is integral to plant health, vigor and development.</P>