[PC-0006] Employing hyperspectral imaging for early detection of diseases in soybean

Rupesh Tayade(Rupesh Tayade ),Liny Lay(Liny Lay),Hogyun Kim(Hogyun Kim),Waleed Khan(Waleed Khan),Amit Ghimire(Amit Ghimire ),Mohammad Shafiqul(Mohammad Shafiqul ),Yoonha Kim(Yoonha Kim) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2022 No.-

Effective Strategies for Enhancing Tolerance to High-Temperature Stress in Rice during the Reproductive and Ripening Stages

( Rupesh Tayade ),( Tiendung Nguyen ),( Sung Aeong Oh ),( Yong Sik Hwang ),( In Sun Yoon ),( Rupesh Deshmuk ),( Ki-hong Jung ),( Soon Ki Park ) 한국육종학회 2018 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.6 No.1

Temperatures that extend beyond normal levels of tolerance cause severe stress to plants, especially during the reproductive and grain filling/ripening stages. Heat stress leads to serious yield losses in many crop plants, including rice (Oryza sativa). In view of the current scenario of global climate change, frequent fluctuations and a significant increase in average temperatures will pose challenges to protecting those yields. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms that make crop plants more tolerant of heat, particularly in organs at the reproductive stage, is of utmost importance. Precise molecular information will be helpful for the manipulation and exploration of relevant genes for use in crop improvement programs. In this review, we highlight recent progress in research on the molecular responses to high temperatures in pollen and seed and provide a perspective on the development of heat tolerance in rice cultivars. The responsible mechanism is a very complex phenomenon that involves several biochemical and physiological changes, molecular responses, and a series of signal transductions. Improving our understanding requires detailed knowledge at various omics levels. Recent technological advancements have accelerated genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics studies in rice, a model crop plant. Here, we discuss those technological and omics approaches being taken to investigate the heat tolerance mechanism, particularly in rice. In addition, we address the tools being used to identify key genes and QTLs that can then be utilized for molecular breeding and biotechnology.

Effect of Different Red and Blue Light Compositions on the Root and Shoot Growth of Pakchoi (Brassica Rapa subsp. Chinensis) Using Food Jukebox

Rupesh Tayade, and Yoonha Kim 한국국제농업개발학회 2022 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

Chinese cabbage or pakchoi (Brassica Rapa subsp. Chinensis) is one of the most popular vegetables in Korea. It is grown and consumed throughout the year because it has many benefits. This study reports on the growth performance of pakchoi grown in the hydroponic system using a Food Juke Box (FJB) under different light compositions. The chlorophyll content (CC), root fresh weight (RFW), and shoot fresh weight (SFW) were measured. Further, various vegetation indices (VIs), such as modified chlorophyll absorption in reflectance index (MCARI1), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index (OSAVI), and structure insensitive pigment index (SIPI), were employed to predict SFW. The study results indicated a significant increase in the CC of pakchoi with different light treatments compared with the control. The CC was highest under treatment with 70% white light, 20% blue light, and 10% red light (T1) than under treatment with 50% white light, 30% blue light, and 20% red light (T2). All used VIs showed significant differences with different light combination treatments. There was no significant change in RFW and SFW between the control and T1. However, a significant reduction in RFW and SFW was observed in T2 compared with the control. A comparison between T1 and T2 demonstrated that RFW and SFW were increased by 23% and 25%, respectively, compared with those in T2. The correlation result showed that SFW had a significant positive correlation with RFW (0.76***). Further, a significant negative correlation was observed with OSAVI (−0.25*), MCARI1 (−0.54***), and CC (−0.19*). In conclusion, our findings implied that different light combinations in pakchoi affected the photosynthetic pigments although they did not improve SFW. This research will pave the way for pakchoi production in hydroponics using smart farming FJB. This will further promote plant development, especially for domestic consumption, and help fulfill the growing demand for leafy vegetables.

Extraction of Indigo dye from Couroupita guianensisand its application on cotton fabric

Priti B Tayade,Ravindra V Adivarekar 한국의류학회 2014 Fashion and Textiles Vol.1 No.1

Couroupita guianensis (Cannon ball tree) flowers and fruits are known to contain indigotin and indirubin. In this study an attempt is made to optimize the period for effective extraction of indigo from Couroupita guianensis fruit and application of the crude extract on the cotton fabric. Fermentation of the Couroupita guianensis fruit pulp for 5 days gave intense bluer pigment and hence was selected as the optimum period for fermentation. Major colouring components from Couroupita guianensis fruit extract were separated by thin layer chromatography using single solvent system, chloroform; which gives three pigments, violet, blue and pink with the Rf values of 0.88, 0.57, and 0.25 respectively. The Rf values, the wavelength of maximum absorption from UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum and 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrum of blue pigment matched with that of synthetic indigo standard and that of the pink pigment matched with reported values of indirubin which is an isomer of indigotin. The % purity of indigo dye was found to be 26.46%. Dyeing of cotton fabric was carried out with the crude dye powder which gave comparable fastness properties vis-a-vis synthetic indigo.

Facile synthesis of TiO2/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite by sol-gel auto combustion method for superior visible light photocatalytic efficiency

Rajesh Jagannath Tayade,Kalithasan Natarajan,Puspendra Singh,Hari Chand Bajaj 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.6

Photocatalytic composite materials having photon absorption capability in the range of visible light were synthesized by loading TiO2 (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) on ferrite nanocomposites by sol-gel auto-combustion method. The synthesized nanocomposites were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and N2 adsorption techniques. The generation of photo active hydroxyl radicals for all the synthesized composites was found higher under the irradiation of red LED (RLED irradiation) which was confirmed by degradation of rhodamine B dye under irradiation of RLED. Photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposites was also carried out under irradiation of ultraviolet (UVLED) and blue (BLED) light emitting diodes, which is comparatively less than for the reaction under red LED irradiation. The operational parameters like catalyst amount, pH and concentration of dye solution were studied and ESI-MS degradation pathway is proposed by analyzing the degraded samples.

Utilization of Imaging Data from Different Sources for Bacterial and Fungal Diseases Detection in Major Crops in the Digital Era: A Review

김윤하,Rupesh Tayade,윤정범 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2022 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.34 No.2

Crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), and soybean (Glycine max L.) are the most important sources of food and ensure food security worldwide. Yield losses because of plant-bacteria and fungi are a major global concern. Therefore, various management technologies like diagnostic techniques for bacterial and fungal diseases are among the most important criteria for yield loss management from biotic diseases. In particular, the early detection, prediction, and classification of plant diseases are essential for improved monitoring of plant diseases and resources. Over the last few decades, the utilization of digital imaging systems for plant disease identification has received considerable attention. Moreover, digital imaging methods have facilitated the early detection of several plant diseases using both 2-dimensional image assessment and the current more accurate 3-dimensional image analysis techniques via knowledge-based approaches using MRI and CT. Simultaneously, state-of-the-art, machine and deep learning approaches with different algorithms have progressed to increase precision in disease detection. In this study, we review and discuss important bacterial and fungal diseases that occur in major food crops, the importance of their early detection, and different imaging systems used in plant disease detection, their applications, challenges, and prospects. A literature survey indicated that with the emergence of new tools, the accuracy of the digital imaging system for plant disease detection is bound to increase and has a wide scope in the agriculture sector for helping the farming community as well as increasing sustainability and food security.

Facile photocatalytic reactor development using nano-TiO₂ immobilized mosquito net and energy efficient UVLED for industrial dyes effluent treatment

Jo, Wan-Kuen,Tayade, Rajesh J. Elsevier 2016 Journal of environmental chemical engineering Vol.4 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The degradation of dyes present in water has been widely studied using well established photocatalytic process using various nanosized photocatalysts in the past. After the treatment of water the release of nanoparticles in the environment could cause adverse effects on the human health and ecosystem. The present study focuses on the facile development of highly adhered, TiO<SUB>2</SUB> immobilized photocatalytic surface using low cost support materials such as mosquito net to avoid adverse effect of nanosize photocatalyst released after water treatment. A simple photocatalytic reactor using TiO<SUB>2</SUB> coated mosquito net and ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UVLEDs) was fabricated and used to study photocatalytic degradation of dyes (methylene blue (MB), malachite green (MG), direct blue-15 (DB), and amaranth (AM)). The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, malachite green, direct blue-15 and amaranth dye was obtained 93%, 88%, 94% and 85% respectively using the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> coated mosquito net under irradiation of ultraviolet light for 4h. Furthermore, the effects of the initial concentration, number of UVLEDs used, and addition of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> on the degradation of MB were also studied to optimize the experimental conditions.</P>

Direct Blue Dye Degradation Using Titanium Nanostructures Under Energy-Efficient UV-LED Irradiation

Jo, W. K.,Tayade, R. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Journal of materials engineering and performance Vol.25 No.1

<P>The present study describes the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) morphology on the photocatalytic activity under irradiation of ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED). Different TiO2 nanostructures were synthesized using hydrothermal (nanotubes and nanospheres) and solvothermal (nanoflowers) methods. The morphology, phase composition, bandgap, and chemical properties of the synthesized different TiO2 nanostructures were characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The surface area of the nanotubes was larger than that of the nanospheres and nanoflowers by four-and three-fold, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of the photocatalysts was evaluated by degradation of direct blue-15 dye under UV-LED irradiation in a slurry-type reactor. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 nanoflowers was higher than that of TiO2 nanotubes or nanospheres, suggesting that nanoflowers can serve as efficient photocatalysts for dye degradation.</P>

New Generation Energy-Efficient Light Source for Photocatalysis: LEDs for Environmental Applications

Jo, Wan-Kuen,Tayade, Rajesh J. American Chemical Society 2014 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.53 No.6

<P>In this review, current progress in the area of photocatalysis using energy efficient Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as an irradiation source is discussed. LEDs are small in size, robust, do not contain mercury, have a longer life span than conventional light sources, and can operate on a direct current. These properties of LEDs offer a new alternative to traditional ultraviolet sources and open new possibilities for photocatalytic degradation with reduced power consumption, along with greater freedom in the design of various types of photocatalytic reactors. The present review mainly focuses on the photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds and dyes as well as the sterilization of microrganisms which are present in water and air, using irradiation by various types of LEDs, photocatalytic reactors, and catalysts. In addition, future prospects and challenges for the application of LEDs for to photocatalytic environmental pollutant degradation have been highlighted.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/iecred/2014/iecred.2014.53.issue-6/ie404176g/production/images/medium/ie-2013-04176g_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ie404176g'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Aqueous Nitrobenzene Using Graphitic Carbon–TiO₂ Composites

Jo, Wan-Kuen,Won, Yangsoo,Hwang, Ingyu,Tayade, Rajesh J. American Chemical Society 2014 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.53 No.9

<P>Graphitic carbon–TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposites with different carbon loadings were synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method. The prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis. The XRD results confirmed the presence of graphite in the composite without alteration of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> structure. The photocatalytic efficiencies of the synthesized composites were determined by the degradation of aqueous nitrobenzene (NB) under UV irradiation. Because of the presence of graphitic carbon in the composite, there was an increase in the adsorption of NB (24%) on the composite surface, which led to a higher photocatalytic yield (up to 96% in 4 h at a graphitic carbon content of 1%). NB degradation was corroborated by chemical oxygen demand determinations.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/iecred/2014/iecred.2014.53.issue-9/ie500245d/production/images/medium/ie-2014-00245d_0009.gif'></P>