Green Approach to Dye PET and Nylon 6 Fabrics with Novel Pyrazole Disperse Dyes under Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Its Aqueous Analogue

Tarek Abou Elmaaty,Mamdouh Sofan,Tamer Kosbar,Hanan Elsisi,Ilham Negm 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.12

The development of a water-free dyeing process for synthetic fabrics is of great importance for the textile industrydue to environmental and economic reasons. In this study, a series of novel 3-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-4-(diazenylderivatives)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine dyes were specifically synthesized for use with supercritical carbon dioxide. The new dyeswere characterized by MS, IR, and NMR spectral data, and the results were found to be in good agreement with the proposedstructures. The new dyestuffs were applied to dye polyester and nylon 6 fabrics under supercritical carbon dioxide andaqueous media. The color uptake expressed through the color strength (K/S) was assessed, and the values obtained showedthat the dyeing of polyester and nylon 6 fabrics using the scCO2 method was significantly better than that using the aqueousmethod. The fastness properties of all the dyed fabrics were evaluated and exhibited excellent results. Raman microspectroscopy indicated conclusively that the dye absorbance took place through all layers of the fabrics. Elimination of waterand its costly processing can now be achieved in the dyeing of synthetic fabrics.

Dyeing Nylon-6 Fabric with New 2-Chloro-N-(4-Aryl-5-Arylazo-Thiazol-2-Yl)-Acetamide Dyes in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Tarek Abou Elmaaty,Fathy El-Taweel,Abeer Abou El-Farh,Shaimaa M. Ramadan 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.6

A number of new reactive disperse dyes were synthesized from 2-chloro-N-(4-aryl-5-arylazo-thiazol-2-yl)-acetamide derivatives (5a-d). The new dyestuffs were applied to dye the nylon-6 fabric in supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2). The chemical structures of these new dyes were explained by elemental and spectroscopic analyses. Then, thesuitability of dyestuffs under study for textile dyeing as disperse reactive dyes was reported. All four dyes (5a-5d) exhibitedstrong color strength, which may be attributed to excellent dye penetration in the fabric afforded by scCO2. The color fastnessof dyed samples was measured, and the results demonstrated excellent values and extremely satisfactory washing durability. The dyed samples showed excellent antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus (G+ bacteria), andEscherichia coli (G- bacteria) compared with selected antibiotics as a reference standard; the retention of this excellentantibacterial activity was still satisfactory even after five washing cycles.

Dyeing Characteristics of Polypropylene Fabric Dyed with Special Disperse Dyes Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Tarek Abou Elmaaty,Hanan Elsisi,Ilham Negm 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.5

Using disperse dyes of different colors and hues to produce a variety of shades is necessary for the industrializationof supercritical fluid dyeing of polypropylene. Eight derivatives of 3-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-4-(diazenyl derivatives)-1Hpyrazol-5-amine dye were synthesized explicitly for use in supercritical carbon dioxide medium. Polypropylene dyeing wasstudied in supercritical carbon dioxide under varying conditions: Dyeing temperatures ranged from 100 °C to 120 °C, dyingtimes ranged from 1 h to 2 h, concentrations ranged from 2 % owf (on the weight of fabric) to 4 %, and pressures ranged from15 to 25 MPa. Significant improvement of the colorfastness to washing and rubbing was observed. Raman spectroscopy wasperformed and showed conclusively that the dye was absorbed within all layers of polypropylene. This study achieved theelimination of water and its costly processing in the dyeing of synthetic fabrics.

Eco-friendly Approach for Dyeing Synthetic Fabrics with Natural Dyes Using Electron Beam Irradiation

Tarek Abou Elmaaty,Shahinaz Abouelenin,Hanan Elsisi,Satoko Okubayashi 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.3

In this article, the dyeing properties of polypropylene, nylon 6, and polyester, which were pretreated using electronbeam irradiation, were investigated. The effects of exposure doses (0-300 kGy) and different oxidation periods in the air onthe synthetic fabrics were studied. The optimum conditions were achieved at 300 kGy for 1-hour oxidation time. The dyeabsorbance occurred in all layers of the fabrics, as determined using Raman spectroscopy. Further, the morphology andchemical composition of the surface of the fabric were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the dyeingprocedure exhibited good coloration behavior and features, commercially acceptable leveling properties, and excellent colorfastness.

One Step Thermochromic Pigment Printing and Ag NPs Antibacterial Functional Finishing of Cotton and Cotton/PET Fabrics

Tarek Abou Elmaaty,Shaimaa M. Ramadan,Sally M. Nasr Eldin,Gehan Elgamal 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.11

One step thermochromic pigment printing and antibacterial functionality of cotton (100 %) and cotton/polyester blend (50/50 %) were demonstrated in this study. The improvement in antimicrobial activity against G+ve (Bacillus cereus) and G-ve (E. coli), and pigment printability were achieved by inclusion of Ag-NPs (30 g/kg) into pigment printing paste followed by printing and microwave curing at 700 W for 5 min. Modes of interactions were proposed, and surface modification was also confirmed by SEM and EDX analysis that proved the presence of Ag-NPs in cotton and cotton/ polyester blended samples. The results indicated that the colour fastness to wash and rubbing was excellent, the surface roughness reduced, and exhibited good antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus and E. coli bacteria.

One Step Printing and Functionalization of Microwave Pretreated PET Fabric Using New Azo Amino Thiazole Disperse Dye

Tarek Abou Elmaaty,Shaimaa M. Ramadan,Khaled El-Nagar,Dalia Zaghloul,Fathi El-Taweel 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.10

This study represents a successful and simple method for printing and finishing polyester fabrics by adapting anew aminothiazole disperse dye and microwave technique. Microwave pretreatment of polyester fabrics was carried outunder a variety of conditions in terms of the microwave power and time. Afterwards, the printed samples were fixed usingboth conventional techniques and microwave energy. The color strength expressed as K/S of the printed samples wasevaluated in addition to CIELAB coordinates (L*, a*, and b*), which were also measured. Washing, rubbing, and light fastnessproperties were evaluated for samples prepared by both conventional and microwave fixation techniques. Scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the morphological characteristics of the treated printed samples. The biologicalactivity of the synthesized dye against gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria was also evaluated. The obtainedresults clarified that the prints obtained using microwave treatment and new dyes have better color strength, stable brilliantcolor, good fastness properties, and highly durable antibacterial activity when compared to those of conventional techniquesusing thermofixation and steaming.

Novel One Step Printing and Functional Finishing of Wool Fabric Using Selenium Nanoparticles

Tarek Abou Elmaaty,Sally Raouf,Khaled Sayed-Ahmed 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.9

This study demonstrates the possibility of one step printing and multifunctional finishing of wool fabrics usingsynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) as stable functional colorant. Se-NPs formation was emphasized using visiblechanges, UV-visible absorption spectra, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The UV-visible spectra andTEM analysis confirmed the synthesis of spherical well-dispersed Se-NPs. The examination of printed samples wasconducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray powderdiffraction analysis (XRD), that revealed the successful deposition of Se-NPs onto wool fabric surface. The color, UVprotection, and antimicrobial properties of Se-NPs printed wool were also evaluated. The printed samples had outstandingfastness characteristics to washing, rubbing, and light. Moreover, Se-NPs printed samples were found to possess outstandingantimicrobial activities, excellent UV-protection properties with a remarkable durability after 10 washing times without anynegative impact on the printing and softness characteristics.

Water-free Dyeing of Polyester and Nylon 6 Fabrics with Novel 2-Oxoacetohydrazonoyl Cyanide Derivatives under a Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Medium

Tarek M. Abou Elmaaty,Fathy M. El-Taweel,Hanan G. Elsisi 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.4

A novel disperse azo dye for dyeing polyester and nylon 6 fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) fluid has been synthesized. 3-cyano acetyl indol was used as the starting material, which reacted with aryl/heteroaryl diazonium salts to afford arylhydrazonopropanenitriles. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and the results were observed to be in good agreement with the proposed structures. The influence of scCO2 working conditions, such as dyeing concentration, pressure, temperature, and dyeing time, on fabric color strength were studied. Moreover, the color strength was examined in detail. In addition, the position of color in CIELAB coordinates (L*, a*, b*, h*, C*) was assessed. The color fastness of the dyed samples provided excellent results. The ATR-FTIR results of the dyed samples were found to match the proposed structure.

In situ anchoring iron oxide nanoparticles onto polyester/disperse dye for production of multifunctional fabrics

Tarek Abou Elmaaty,Sherif Abd Elsalam,Shaimaa Helal,Shereen A. Abdeldayem 한국의류학회 2023 Fashion and Textiles Vol.10 No.1

Medical textiles, including surgical gowns, masks are used as obstacles to prevent the risk of infection for both doctor and patient. The widespread of bacteria and viruses, e.g. chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis C and currently Covid-19 viruses in the patient population is very common. In this work, multifunctional eco-friendly polyester fabrics have been produced by in situ impregnation of 2-((E)-(2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazono)methyl)-4-((E)-phenyldiazenyl)phenol disperse dye onto magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The technique endowed polyester fabrics with a new color as well as magnetic and antibacterial functionalities. The colored magnetic nanoparticles showed high affinity toward fabrics. Besides, the unbound dye could be easily collected from wastewater by a magnet, significantly facilitate the wastewater treatment. The treated fabrics were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometry. Colorimetric values, tensile properties and fastness of the composite fabrics were also measured. The tensile properties of the composite were increased after functionalization. The wettability features of the fabric were investigated and showed a significant improvement. Also, the toxicity of the resulted fabric was exhibited low toxicity against wi-38 cell line. These results indicate the potentiality of the suggested technique in producing multifunctional fabrics with various applications, especially as medical textiles.

Facile Printing of Cotton Fabrics with Phenyldiazenyle Azo dyes

Sherif H. Abdelsalam,Tarek M. Abou Elmaaty 한국색채학회 2011 한국색채학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

Samples of cotton fabric were printed using two azo dyes of the phenyl diazenyle class. One phase printing technique has been used in this process instead of the troublesome two phase technique that is usually used for azodye printing. Both azo dyes were compared to evaluate the effect of the ester and cyano groups in the presence of urea, alkali and temperature. The objective measurements used for the comparison include fastness to washing, perspiration, rubbing and light respectively.